A Report On A Kidney Stones

     Luckily, after the excruciating occurrence, the stone usually doesn’t damage anything. Sometimes there comes a situation where the kidney stone either becomes too big or for some reason gets wedged in the urinary tract and the pain worsens. Also, the urine begins to get backed up, and the bladder and urinary tract begins to get infected. Thus, an operation must be performed. Originally, they were removed, either by slicing the bladder or kidney open, or by shoving an instrument up the ureter. Fortunately, through the miracles of technology, one does not necessarily have to go through this “invasive” treatment. Instead, there is a treatment that uses shockwaves to slice up the stone. This is called kidney stone lithotripsy. A large machine uses sound waves to break up the stone into small fragments that can be more easily passed through.

The Congo red solution is used to mimic blood and the yellow food color mimics the excretory product of the kidney. When a mixture of Congo red, yellow food color and water were mixed and taken in a dialysis bag, the yellow food color diffuses out into the surrounding water in which the dialysis bag is suspended. At the end of the experiment, the contents in the dialysis bag represent the blood; the contents of the beaker represent the urine formed. The beaker has a slight yellow tinge that results from the yellow food color.

Kidney Stone has been developing amongst individuals in the most recent 30 years and the purpose behind it is still obscure. A large number of individuals every year have issues with kidney stones, and there isn't a genuine cure to dissolving the kidney stone. Specialists can't do much other than instruct them to keep hydrated and give them torment relievers; if nothing works they need to do surgery. On the other hand, there are a considerable measure of theories in regards to home cures including kidney stones. Specialists need help to check whether some home cures will really cure it. Scientists

The idea for the study came after a patient came to see him after a spring break vacation down to Disney World. The patient had gone on Thunder Mountain three times in a row. After each ride the patient passed a small kidney stone, passing three stones in less than an hour.

Today, there are many urinary disorders, but the most common one is renal calculi, also know known as kidney stones Kidney stones can be one of the most painful experiences you can have. Each year, at least three million people visit their doctor asking about the stones, and more then half a million go to the hospital. If they aren’t treated, they can lead to infections, kidney damage, or death. There are four different kinds of kidney stones, ones containing calcium being the most common. Currently, there are multiple ways of treating this disorder, some of which aren’t very comfortable. But you can avoid this by maintaining a healthy diet and drinking plenty of water

Kidney Stones are also called Renal Calculi. Nephrolithiasis is the condition of having Kidney Stones . These stones come about from chemicals in the urine, forming a tough crystalline mineral deposit from within the kidney, that stick together inside the kidney or urinary tract. Typically, they develop in the inner surfaces of one or both of the kidneys. Supersaturation urine is what actually creates the stones, this happens when there is an imbalance in the waste chemicals in the urine, which then causes the stones. As to under saturation urine crystals cannot be formed due to lack of calcium produced. They can be as little as a grain of sand that can be invisible to the naked eye, or as large as a golf

The Blarney Stone, according to legend, grants one with elegance and persuasiveness when he or she kisses it. The Blarney Castle is the structure that contains the Blarney Stone and is 20 feet tall. The castle’s original wooden structure was built by the McCarthy’s of Muskerry around 1010 and they replaced that structure with a stone one two centuries later in 1210. Cormac McCarthy, the King of Munster, supplied 4,000 men to increase Robert the Bruce’s forces for the battle of Bannockburn in 1314. The legend says that Robert the Bruce, King of Scots, was so grateful for McCarthy’s help that he gave him half of the Stone of Scone, now know as the Blarney Stone. Queen Elizabeth soon found out about the castle and commanded the Earl of Leicester to take possession of it, but whenever he attempted to consult McCarthy about the matter, Cormac always suggested a banquet or some other form of delay, This meant that when the Earl was to send the queen progress reports, a long memorandum was sent stating that the castle had still remained untaken. The queen called the Earl’s reports “Blarney”, meaning hogwash or malarkey, out of anger and disappointment because she still did not have possession of

Kidney stones are a big problem and seem to be on the rise. Statistics report that out of every 100 men, around 13 will get kidney stones in their lifetime and 7 out of every 100 women will. It is estimated that one in ten people will have a kidney stone at some time in their lives. Since kidney function is essential for survival, we all have them (or at least one) and therefore are at risk for kidney stones. It is important of people that struggle with kidney stones to try and figure out what is causing them in order to take the proper steps to treat or prevent them. It is amazing how something so small can cause such a big problem.

Gallstones are basically hard particles that develop in the gall bladder, which can range in size from a grain of sand to a golf ball. They can be developed as a single large gallstone, or like hundreds of tiny stones, or a combination of both small as well as large stones.

Some factors may increase your risk of developing kidney stones. Family or personal history, certain diets, dehydration, being obese, and digestive diseases are just some risk factors in developing kidney stones. There are multiple tests that can be done to diagnose kidney stones. Blood test, urine test, imaging, and analyzing passed kidney stones are just some of the noninvasive tests doctors can do to determine a diagnosis. Most kidnet stones do not require any invasive treatment. Small kidney stones can be passed on there own. Drinking water, pain relievers, and medical therapy may assist in this process. Larger kidney stones that may be too large to pass on their own may require more extensive treatment. Using sound waves to break up stones, surgery, using a scope, or parathyroid gland surgery are some treatment

Upper urinary tract calculi should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain. The classic presentation of calculi is excruciating unilateral flank or lower abdominal pain of sudden onset that is not related to any precipitating event (Fig 7). The pain often begins as vague flank pain. Patients frequently dismiss this pain until it evolves into waves of severe pain. It is generally believed that a stone must at least partially obstruct the ureter to cause pain. The pain is commonly referred to the lower abdomen and to the ipsilateral groin. As the stone progresses down the ureter, the pain tends to migrate caudally and medially. Calyceal stones are asymptomatic

Ketorolac decreases inflammation and aspirin will usually be used to counteract and help with the passage of the stone. Although, if those are used, a lithotripsy should avoided at the increased risk of bleeding. A lithotripsy is a procedure, in which shockwaves are used to break apart kidney stones into smaller pieces. Various factors may increase the passage of kidney stones such the size of the kidney stone, enlargement of the prostate, or pregnancy. Surgical techniques have been made to remove kidney stones whether through an incision, or by using a urethroscope to go up the urethra and bladder to the

Renal biopsy an invasive procedure in which a sample of renal tissue is obtained(1) . Microscopic examination of the biopsied tissue can provide information needed to diagnose, monitor and/or treat renal disorder. The introduction of renal biopsy in clinical practice has represented one of the most important advances in the field of clinical nephrology. Renal biopsy has contributed greatly to l classification of intrinsic renal diseases and, therefore, to a better knowledge of the pathogenesis involved. In spite of the flood of new and less invasive tests, renal biopsy is still an irreplaceable tool in assessing diagnosis and prognosis and guiding, the treatment of many renal diseases. It is being more frequently used, especially with the advancement

TREATMENT - If a kidney stone is too big to be passed naturally, which is usually 6-7mm in diameter or larger – you may need treatment to remove it another way.

The experiment began by filling the small beaker with 4 pipettes of both cooked starch and the amylase, and then transferring 4 pipettes of the mixed solution in a dialysis tubing bag. The large beaker was filled with water and 4 pipettes of Lugol’s solution before the dialysis bag was placed. The student then set up a control bag that contained only starch and placed it in a beaker containing only water and Lugol’s. The bags were placed in the beakers for one hour, and then the student used glucose strips to analyze the bag with the starch and amylase along with the fluid surrounding the bag in the