A Research Based On A Cross Country Data Essay

To gain sufficient depth and representative results of the UK infancy population, this research will utilise a sample size of 5,000 infants. Additionally, five analyse sites geographically across the UK will be used for the outcome measure testing, and theses site will be located in London, Birmingham, Cardiff, Newcastle, and Glasgow. The research will be recorded at these sites during the 2-year period. Mother will be recruited as healthy women and no medical history, categorized by age boundaries of 27 to 32 years old. Since the women who aged above 35 years old would have a greater risk of general maternal health problems such as high blood pressure, pre-eclampsia, which can contribute to complications for both mother and infant. Infants are singleton healthy based on full term, which is 32-42week, weighing ≥2.5 kg at birth, to avoid to disperse the amount of breast milk in case of twin or triplets.

The study included data from 6,800 participants who had a mean age of 29. On average 61 % of households were headed by men. Only about 3.9 % of participants in this study were smokers. The majority of participants were not employed and the majority reported that their highest level of education was up to the secondary level. Most participant residences were in urban areas where houses are mostly made of concrete with zinc roofs and cement or tiled flooring. 68 % of participants report using bottled water as their main source of drinking water. This still leaves 32% of the population drinking water from sources that are likely contaminated. Most participants reporting having electricity, but only about 60 % have refrigeration in their homes and only about half of the participants reported having a toilet with a piped sewer system in their home.

Corruption has been seen as a major obstacle of rapid economic growth and development. It is a complex phenomenon whose roots lay in political and bureaucratic institutions and affects the economic growth of different countries. It makes the governments intervene where they do not need to, and it weakens the ability of the government to enact and implement policies in areas in which government intervention is needed. Over the years, the dispute of the economic consequences of corruption on economic growth has been a topic of analysis. The analysis is focused on the effect of corruption on economic growth. Several studies have generally found a negative correlation between corruption, economic growth, inequality, governance, income distribution and business environment. At the same time also some positive correlation with economic growth has been found to exist.

It would be convenient to start this research paper by stating that corruption is a challenge mainly for businesses in developing countries and that it is unrelated to the current affliction of the economy in the United States. It would also be convenient to claim corruption has declined in America as a result of awareness raising campaigns and the numerous anti-corruption laws. But none of those aforementioned statements would be true. Corruption is not the exception, but rather the rule in today’s business practices. In 2004, Daniel Kaufmann, a senior fellow at Brookings Institution and former director at the World Bank, calculated an index of "legally corrupt" manifestations which is defined as the extent of undue influence

From a total of 249 study participants, 220(88.4%) were included in the study. Out of them 193(87.7%) were male and the mean (SD) age of the participants was 30.2(5.5) with a minimum and maximum of 22 and 56 years, respectively. Regarding marital status, 3(1.4%) study participants were divorced and they were merged with married category during analysis. Socio-demographic data of the study participants are stratified by marital status and sex in Table 1.

Ahmad N. (2002). Corruption and Government Regulations : An Empirical Analysis. The Bangladesh Development Studies , Vol. 28, No. 4 pp. 29-51.

In this population-based cross-sectional study from 2010 to 2014, we evaluated indicators such as malaria incidence, mortality rate, and proportion of confirmed cases over time to obtain malaria profiles of artemisinin-resistant containment areas in Myanmar. Other important impact indicators, such as malaria species proportion and coverage of ITN, LLIN and IRS are also described. Within our study areas, we could identify the fifteen townships with annual parasite incidence (<1/1000 population). Mu TT (2016) reports that marked recent declines in reported malaria incidence and mortality within 2015-2014 reflects increased political and financial commitment to the rapid escalation of disease control programs. Moreover, training and deployment of over 40,000 community health volunteers from high-risk areas were found to be key intervention and improved access to early diagnosis and prompt treatment of malaria. [12].

In the previous chapters I discussed the problem of the lack of healthy eating promotion programs in schools are leaving parents and students uneducated about how to purchase healthy items which is leading to childhood obesity. I also discussed how the problem is being addressed, as well as the theory of social constructionism. In this chapter, I will discuss the specific methodology I plan to use and the three different types of data collection I plan to employ to carry out my study. This study will use a qualitative approach to study and address the issue of the lack of healthy eating promotion in schools. The three types of data collection I plan to use are: direct observation, focus groups and a questionnaire. These methods will

Political corruption has existed throughout the ages. It believed to be most prominent in positions of power, because of the role money plays in getting people power. However, over the centuries, corruption has changed so much so as to not match a particular definition of corruption, perpetually growing deceptively harder to find (Ebbe).

While corruption is said to generate inefficiency and retard growth in a country (Ackerman, 1997), China manages to deliver astronomical economic growth amidst rampant corruption (Li, Peng, 2001). To explain China’s puzzle, the essay first focuses on the causes of corruption and why it has yet to be eradicated, and then analyzes its economic impact in the short and long run.

The measurement, as a result of the varying definitions and forms of corruption, is very difficult to do and becomes further complicated due to the illegal and concealed nature of such acts (Brunetti 2003). Initial surveys took more of a straightforward questioning approach, but given that the nature of some of the most corrupt countries may have severe restrictions on free speech, they may have discouraged respondents from providing accurate answers (Soares 2004). A more common approach to understanding corruption focuses more on the notion of perceived corruption. That is, instead of asking the survey respondents directly about their experiences with corruption, the surveyors ask the respondents about how much corruption they think exists within their country or specific field of work. The first such surveys were administered by Transparency International (TI) over a cross-national platform (Treisman 2007; Montinola 2002). They noted that the more subjective indexes of perceived corruption – which were based on evaluations of both experts and the opinions of business people and citizens – turned out to be highly correlated with a variety of factors that are commonly believed to be the roots of corruption. Currently, two such indexes have evolved from the first efforts created by TI – a Corruptions Perceptions Index (CPI) created by TI and a rating of the control of corruption published by the World Bank (WB). The CPI essentially averages the standardized values while

Corruption is a complex political, social, and economic anomaly that negatively affects developing and developed countries. It weakens democratic institutions, holds economic development, widening the rich-poor gap and certainly leads to governmental instability. The World Bank definition of corruption states that “…the abuse of public office for private gain”.

Comparative politics is an essential field within political science, as it is always present and always prevalent. One of the most alluring elements of comparative politics is the stark contrast one can observe between two or more nations in terms of their sociopolitical climate. Every nation has distinct political intricacies, and one particularly controversial issue that is gaining interest globally is political corruption. Corruption can manifest itself in a myriad of ways in a nation’s government regime, and widespread corruption can have significant repercussions on sustainability, the balance of power, and individual rights within a nation state. In 2015, Transparency International ranked North Korea the second most corrupt nation in the world, while Norway was ranked the sixth least corrupt. This paper will examine the staggering juxtaposition in corruption levels between the two nations based on the contrast in their respective governmental regimes and institutions. It will dissect the causes for this disparity in corruption levels, and examine how this factor has impacted both countries in an attempt to uncover the motivations and costs linked to corruption.

     There are several reasons behind the emergence of the phenomenon of corruption and outbreaks in communities. There is nearly unanimity on the fact that this phenomenon is negative behavior. some of the reasons for people to turn towards to corruption is to make more money, engaging in corruption, and dreaming of more strength. However, the main reason that allows people to engage in corruption and enjoy it is the weakness of government regulation.

Bangladesh is a developing country of southeast Asia. It is a country with a population of more than 150 million people. The government system is parliamentary government system. Bureaucracy is a important part of the government which works for the efficient and effective policy Implementation. Now a days corruption is seen every where in the society and for this bureaucracy can 't work properly. In this paper,l will try to find out the relationship between bureaucracy and corruption; try to find solution of this problem.