A Research Study Of Maria's Eating

Anorexia is an emotional and physical illness in which a person refuses to eat. This can be a fatal disorder. The word anorexia means without appetite; nervosa means nervous. Hence, anorexia nervosa is best translated as a nervous loss of appetite. Anorexics are extremely hungry most of the time and extremely underweight, but they refuse to eat because of their fear of gaining weight (Anorexia Nervosa, Wuhl 483). This disorder often includes depression, irritability, withdrawal, and peculiar behaviors such as compulsive rituals, strange eating habits, and division of foods into "good/bad" and "safe/dangerous" categories (Anorexia Nervosa and Related Eating Disorders Inc., Mitchell 11). Dieting may represent avoidance of, or ineffective attempts to cope with the demands of a new life stage such as adolescence (American Academy). For dancers, this eating disorder can be brought on if a dancer changes studios and needs to reestablish her place in the hierarchy. If a

With Anorexia Nervosa, there is a strong fear of weight gain and a preoccupation with body image. Those diagnosed may show a resistance in maintaining body weight or denial of their illness. Additionally, anorexics may deny their hunger, have eating rituals such as excessive chewing and arranging food on a plate, and seek privacy when they are eating. For women, they go through immediate body changes from abnormal to no menstruation periods and develop lanugo all over their bodies. Characteristics of an anorexic individual also consist of extreme exercise patterns, loosely worn clothing, and maintain very private lives. Socially, to avoid criticism or concern from others, they may distant themselves from friends and activities they once enjoyed. Instead, their primary concerns revolve around weight loss, calorie intake, and dieting. In regards to health, many will have an abnormal slow heart rate and low blood pressure, some can develop osteoporosis, severe dehydration which can result in kidney failure, and overall feel weak (Robbins, 27-29). It has been reported that Anorexia Nervosa has one of the highest death rates in any mental health condition in America (www.NationalEatingDisorders.org).

Altered nutrition, more than the body requirements related to consumption of excess calories as evidence by the

Numerous studies have shown that athletes are more prone to developing eating disorders than nonathletes, as well as female athletes being more at risk than their male counterparts. Disordered eating is seen in athletes of all sports. (Johnson, 1994). The prevalence of eating disorders in the female athletic population ranges from anywhere between one and forty percent, depending on the athletes questioned, and the methodology used (Sundgot-Borgen, 1994). Rosen and Hough (1988) found that 32 percent of athletes practiced at least one pathogenic weight-control technique(141). A study done by Sundgot-Borgen, in 1994, controlled for the possibility that self-report data could be unreliable in numerous ways, including not informing coaches of their intentions, and assuring 100 percent confidentiality to the athletes who participated. It found that the risk for eating disorders is increased if an athlete's dieting is unsupervised, if there is an early start to sport-specific training, and/or extreme exercise (Sundgot-Borgen, 418).

Keeping in mind that she has always strove for perfection, some irrational thoughts and psychological symptoms have developed concerning her standards for both food consumption and weight. These irrational fears have led her to believe that food is bad, and since she is terribly scared of getting fat, she finds fulfillment by abiding by her restrictive diet and maintaining her abnormal weight by restricting food and using laxatives when necessary to avoid weight gain. It’s easy to see that Joan has developed an obsession with both food and her weight that has taken over her life. All of these psychological symptoms have also caused some social symptoms which have negatively impacted her relationships, mainly stemming from concern of friends and family which usually result in arguments about eating. Joan’s physiological systems are also reflecting concerning symptoms such as dry, inelastic skin, liver problems, unhealthy hair, dizziness, amenorrhea, and of course, excessive

Diagnosing potential Anorexia nervosa is not always easy, and Alicia’s case, based on information given and her representation, is not clear cut. Researchers argue that the diagnosis has to be done carefully and potential ambiguities have to be resolved (Baer & Blais, 2010). For example, some researchers have argued that one criterion, such as a fear of being fat, can decrease significantly when the person actually loses some weight (Surgenor & Maguire, 2013). For reasons like this, selecting the primary question, namely whether or not the patient has Anorexia

Behavior observations: ms. Kristie Anthony was a 44-year-old married Caucasian female who presented for interview and testing in a timely manner. She reported to be 5 '6" tall weighing 310 pounds. She presented herself as one who tends to minimize greatly. This was heavily challenged with her during this interview. Testing yielded very little emotional or psychological distress except in a couple of areas. Mrs. Anthony was oriented and alert with bright mood and congruent affect. There were no gross indicators of anxiety, depression, hallucinations, delusions or thought disorder. Her speech was clear logical and goal directed. Mrs. Anthony presented as one who has good awareness and motivation to make positive changes in her life forWeight management.

Pressure to reduce weight has been the common explanation for the increased prevalence of eating-related problems among athletes and dancers. One of the reasons that ballet dancers may be at risk for developing eating disorders is that they may have to diet in order to maintain the sylph-like bodies that are required for the discipline of ballet. Lowenkopf and Vincent (1982) have suggested that female adolescent dancers run eight times the risk of developing eating disorders compared to their non-dieting peers. Ballet is also an activity that is low in energy expenditure, and Cohen et al. (1982) reported that while age-matched swimmers or skaters might expend 500 calories in a similar length session, a dancer would only expend 200 calories.

The interrelated factors of the female athlete triad are energy availability, menstrual function, and bone mineral density each of which develops along a continuum. Each factor may progress to a point where it is a clinical condition such as an eating disorder. The three factors may be present together and have developed in sequence, low energy availability due to low energy (caloric) intake and high energy expenditure leads to amenorrhea that leads to osteoporosis, although each of these conditions can occur independently of the others. Whether alone or in combination with each other, when energy availability, menstrual function, and bone mineral density are comprimised they represent substantial health risks for the female athlete. Low

She recalled her 24 hours’ diet as, Bacon egg and cheese sandwich for breakfast, Salad for lunch and fried chicken with mash potatoes and mac and cheese for dinner. She is 119 pound and 5’5 tall. Her body mass index is 19.8 which is in the normal range and she considered as a woman with a healthy weight. She doesn’t exercise much because she can barely make time for it with everything she has to do but she tries to walk and do in home exercise with the little free time she gets.

It’s crazy to think that this is a typical day for Maria and Matt. I really think that if they weren’t to change how they workout, and their eating habits, that they would definitely be heavier at the end of the year. They are really damaging their health by eating the amount of fast food that they do each day. Maria and Matt consume so much sugar, fat, and salt, which isn’t healthy at all. Matt is 6’1 and weighs 230 pounds, and is really considered obese. Maria is 5’8 and weighs 145 pounds and she is considered to be at a normal weight. If they were to change their daily routine, they would feel so much better about themselves, and Matt probably wouldn’t be considered obese.

This case study is about older women named J.G. She is an 86 year old woman who lives in an old-fashioned village. Her daughter visited J.G weekly, and made sure to keet her fridge full. Everything was perfectly fine until her daughter went to see family in the U.K and left her , with her husband in charge. When she returned, upon weighing her, they realized she had lost 4.3 kg in 3 months, stating that she 'forgets to eat' or 'could not be bothered'. They gave J.G a Mini-Nutritional Assessment which she received a score of 9 on, indicating risk of malnutrition. Her balance was poor. J.G's has had breast cancer, a urinary tract infections, and a history of previous cardiovascular accidents.

The female athlete triad is a health condition in which active women experience three inter-related disorders due to unhealthy body weight and eating habits. In the case of the triad, the word active refers to females who display moderate to high intensity levels of performance. The rate of performance must be high in order to counterbalance the decrease in calorie intake. Females who perform at a high intensity are at risk for the triad since they do not take in enough calories to fulfill the amount expended. The three disorders within the female athlete triad are osteoporosis, disordered eating, and menstrual dysfunction. Not all females experience all three of the conditions, however new data has indicated that even having one or

Disordered eating among athletes, particularly female athletes, has been the subject of much research. In one study, women with disordered eating were 3.6 times as likely to have an eating disorder if they were athletes. In addition, female collegiate athletes who compete in heavily body conscious sports like gymnastics, swimming, or diving are shown to be more at risk for developing an eating disorder. This is a result of the engagement in sports where weekly repeated weigh-ins are standard, and usually required by

The first criterion defined in the DSM-V, the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, is the “restriction of energy intake relative to requirements, leading to a significantly low body weight in the contact of age, sex, developmental trajectory, and physical health. Significantly low weight is defined as a weight that is less than minimally normal or, for children and adolescents, less than that minimally expected” (Davison, Blankstein, Flett, & Neale, 2013). In other words, the energy intake would be lower than the energy needed for the body to function and assure normal activities of an individual. It results in the weight of the individual to fall below a normal weight when different characteristics as the age, sex, developmental trajectory and physical health are taken into consideration. Karen Carpenter respects the first criteria of anorexia nervosa. Indeed, as a child, Karen Carpenter was overweight and was worried about her weight but seemed to love sugar and eating more than