A Research Study On Bacterial Transformation

This pBlu lab had for purpose to present the changes of the strain of E. coli bacteria due to new genetic information being introduced into the cell. In this experiment we are freezing and heat shocking the E. Coli bacteria that is then forced to take the plasmid DNA. The E. coli then transforms the pBLu plasmid, which carries the genes coding for two identifiable phenotypes. After following the Carolina Biological steps our lab worked well and we able to see some colonies of bacteria on the plates. The x-gal plate showed a significant amount of bacteria to confirm that the pBlu plasmid took over the E. coli strain.

I am helping out a research lab headed by Dr. Joshua Woodward and he is studying a bacteria called Listeria monocytogenes. It is an oral pathogen that invades the human intestinal epithelial cells to reproduce and it even proliferates into spleen and liver. At first I am only trained to do lab maintenance but later I get to carry out a project. The project is to determine the importance of a piece of L. monocytogenes’s DNA in virulence by making a mutant devoid of that piece of DNA and then experiment to test their difference in various conditions. I have learned many laboratory techniques such as PCR, gel electrophoresis, and making overnight cultures. By participating in lab meetings and scientific journal clubs, I learn a lot of interesting things from graduate students and postdocs in the lab, and I am very

How do you insert the plasmid inside the bacteria? What process do you use? (1/2 pt)

It will also highlight how successfully integrated plasmids can affect the cell and what proteins are produced by the DNA, and how easy it is to change the genetics of cell and the future generations of that cell. The experiment also demonstrates how natural selection would work in a lab environment, and how the addition of a gene or a mutation can protect an organism from adverse conditions in the environment. This lab also illustrates the change in DNA in a visual sense. Molecular genetics is a very small scale science that cannot be seen by the human eye, however by illuminating the bacteria with the GFP it will produce the very small process can be clearly seen before and after the genetic splicing. The bacteria will produce quickly and the successful bacteria will be clearly seen by the human eye, even after generations upon generations of bacteria.

Flow Diagram Homework Assignment Name: Preetam Ganti Using the table below, explain the purpose of each of the steps of the Experimental Flow Diagram (Figure 1 from your lab manual – it is provided on the next page) for answering the two research questions guiding this laboratory investigation: 1. Is the bacterial contamination at these three farms due to the same plasmid or different plasmids? 2. What is the frequency of tetracycline resistant bacteria in the beef farm cultures?

Transformation is the directed modification of a genome by the external application of DNA from a cell of different genotype (Griffiths and Miller).Bacterial transformation is the easiest type of transformation to create and study due to the single cellularity of bacteria and its

For millions of years’ bacteria have been surviving to their environments and been at war against other microorganism. This wars have lead them to creating an unstoppable arsenal of weapons they can use to survive. Unlike virus that need a host cell to survive, bacteria can survive anywhere since they can share their DNA with each other. This allows bacteria to survive in places like radioactive waste, zero oxygen environments, and even in absolute darkness. Unlike human beings who are born with a specific genetic code, bacteria have the capability of changing that code. Bacteria have three methods of evolving themselves in order to survive the harsh is of conditions. The three methods are called horizontal gene transfer. The first is Transformation, but some pathologists call it the “Funeral Grab”.

Griffin was a scientist that showed that there was a non-living component to heritability between organisms, although he had not yet discovered what exactly was the heritable component. However, during this time period, it was a common belief that the heritable material was contained within the protein of the organism, not the DNA that is now held in the truth. In the Avery and company experiment, they expanded Griffin research to pinpoint the exact location of the heritable information by breaking down cell components until the final product allowing transformation was

In this lab the genetic process known as transformation will be used to make E. coli bacteria cells glow in the dark by adding GFP. Transformation is when a cell’s genotype is changed by adding exogenous DNA. This process results in the cell accepting the added genes and incorporating them into the reproduction process, creating more cells with the new gene. Genetic transformation naturally occurs in some species of bacteria, however in this lab it will be generated artificially (Bacterial Transformation). In order for transformation to take place the bacteria must be competent. This means that the bacterium needs to be ready to take in the added genetic information from its environment. These genes are absorbed through the cell membrane (Genetic Competence in Bacillus Subtilis). However, for transformation to occur, a restriction enzyme is required.

In addition, many of the drugs available to treat infectious disease actually originate from bacteria and fungi. In Biology, constant inquiry of the mechanisms of life lead to new discoveries every day. Clearly, microbes are very important for studying and understanding our world. Dr. Henkin stressed their importance in the seminar, specifically the study of bacteria and bacteria’s manipulation of gene expression.

Abstract In this lab of transforming bacteria that was experiment today, I will be identifying the process of bacterial genetic transformation and how to calculate transformation efficiency. The samples that will be used in today’s bacteria will contain samples of E.coli sand inserted DNA plasmid into their genetic sequence. If done correctly the results will show a successful genotypic and phenotypic mutations, which will display fluorescent under ultra-violent lights or show signs to being resistant to ampicillin. This experiment was primarily for the purpose of growing E. Coli bacteria.

While this experiment was done very carefully, there were a few errors that were made during the experiment. For instance, while a group member was putting the transformation fluid into the microcentrifuge tubes, they accidentally tried to obtain the fluid without a sterile tip and this could have possibly had the micropipette obtain the wrong amount of fluids afterwards. Also, when retrieving the E. coli colony, a group member scooped up an entire colony instead of half of it, so there were two different bacterium colonies used in this

During the course of the next three practical classes you shall be performing a number of techniques in order to isolate and manipulate DNA from bacteria. The practicals are spread over three sessions, the techniques that you will perform are

The bacteria are placed into a fermentation tank and begin to produce insulin (United States National Library of Medicine). The insulin is harvested and purified to be used as medicine (United States National Library of Medicine). Her findings greatly impact molecular biology because they were able to grow a hormone outside of the human body. They used the technology of recombinant DNA. This same mechanism can be used to create various medicines to treat specific illnesses. This has great impact in my field of interest which is the medical field. Getting an understanding from her work will enable doctors and scientist to develop treatments for cancer, diabetes, any genetic disorder. Doctors and scientist can work in tandem to get specific genes that generate a protein and provide it to those who are not able to make a specific protein. For example, some people have lactose intolerance like me. Scientist can isolate genes that encode for lactase and insert it into some bacteria. Allow that bacteria to multiply and produce the lactase. That lactase can be harvested and purified to produce a lactase supplement for lactose-intolerant

Bacterial transformation is the process of moving genes from a living thing to another with the help of a plasmid.The plasmid is able to help replicate the chromosomes by themselves; laboratories use these to aid in gene multiplication. Bacterial transformation is relevant in everyday lives due to the fact that almost all plasmids carry a bacterial origin of replication and an antibiotic resistance gene(“Addgene: Protocol - How to Do a Bacterial