A Research Study On Hepatocellular Carcinoma ( Hcc ) Essay

Asian-Americans are people who have origins in the Far East, Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent. In American census of 2000, Asians comprise of roughly 3.6% of the population or 10 million people. By 2050 the population will grow to 36.6 million people. Although Asian American women have the highest life expectancy, they “suffer disproportionately from certain types of cancers, tuberculosis and hepatitis B” (2). Liver cancer cases are relatively low in the United States but highest among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. Hepatitis B is a major cause of liver disease. Approximately 1 out of 12 Asian Americans has the chronic version of Hepatitis B. Many do not recognize it before it is too late (1).

The MD Anderson Liver Tumor biospecimen resource has been invaluable for a large number of studies or clinical development. The sixth and subsequent editions of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging of hepatocellular cancer, which was developed by an international consortium led by Jean-Nicolas Vauthey, MD, Professor of Surgery at MD Anderson and co-leader on project 2 of the SPORE, was based upon pathologic review of resected specimens in the Liver Tumor Bank (Vauthey JN J Clin Oncol 2002 20:1527-36). In addition, investigators at MD Anderson examined tissues in the Liver Tumor Bank to elucidate the prognostic significance of the ribonucleoprotein Human Antigen R (HuR) showing that patients with high HuR tumor expression had

Many people don’t understand how dangerous Hepatitis C is because it is not commonly known about as much as Hepatitis A or B. This disease is however very serious. Although frequently asymptomatic in time the virus can lead to cirrhosis, liver cancer and liver failure. Symptoms of HCV are jaundice (yellowing of the eyes), stomach pain, nausea and fatigue. Treatment options for the disease, if caught early enough is a combination of medications or depending on the degree of damage, a liver transplant. ”For some people, hepatitis C is a short-term illness but for 70%-85% of people who become infected with

This case study is about Abdul Chidiac, a 51 year old male, married with 4 children. He had a medical history of hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and cirrhosis with two admissions in the last six months. He is a smoker and drinks beer, 5-6 bottles per day. As Carithers & McClain (2010) explained the patient’s medical history is another indicator of the risk for cirrhosis; the progression to cirrhosis is adaptable and may take time over weeks or many years. Cirrhosis is a liver disease characterized by permanent scarring of the

Cirrhosis is the twelfth major cause of death in the United States (McCance & Heuther, 2014). Cirrhosis is also the fifth major cause of mortality for patients between the ages of 45-54 (Talwalkar & Kamath, 2005). Cirrhosis affects women 50% less than men. Additionally, mortality due to cirrhosis is more common in African Americans than other ethnicities (Lewis, Dirksen & Heitkemper, 2014).

Many of the articles that I sifted through in search of information regarding the endemic liver diseases that plague Chinese Americans often summed up the ethnicity into the broader “Asian American” term. I found it difficult to find an article that focused specifically on Chinese Americans and adhere to the guideline that all sources be no older than 2011. I did, however, find an enlightening article that was published only a decade ago in 2006 and does focus solely on the Chinese American and the pervasion of liver disease in that ethnicity. This article reflected how Hepatitis B, a virus that attacks the liver and can cause acute and chronic malfunction, is responsible for the majority of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. (Taylor, et al.,

There are a number of individuals who may be suffering from an illness and not even be aware they have an illness. One example of such illness is Hepatitis C (HCV). Hepatitis C is a severe disease of the liver. It is caused by the Hepatitis C virus (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2015). As a result, Hepatitis C has been termed a silent epidemic (CDC, 2015). This is because a lot of individuals have Hepatitis C and don’t even realize they have the infection (CDC, 2015). As the infection begins to progress over time, it could cause acute issues to the liver (CDC, 2015). Those issues could be things like damage to the liver, the liver could fail to function, cirrhosis, or even cancer of the liver (CDC, 2015). However, screening for Hepatitis C will allow an individual to benefit from treatments that are available, hence eliminating the disease from the body and preventing the liver from undergoing any further damage (CDC, 2015).

Mr. Henderson is a very pleasant 71-year-old gentleman with hepatitis C who presents to oncology clinic for evaluation and treatment of locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. In 10/2016, the patient underwent a screening ultrasound due to having hepatitis C. The ultrasound revealed a right liver mass. In 11/2016, he subsequently, underwent a CT scan which revealed a 5.1 cm x 4.2 cm left liver mass and a 6 mm right middle lobe density. In 12/2016, the patient underwent a CT-guided biopsy of the liver mass which revealed a moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. In 02/2017, the patient underwent an MRI of the abdomen which revealed a 5.2 x 5.4 cm left hepatic lobe mass. The main portal vein is widely patent. There was no

Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis C virus. According to related research, about 2.7 million persons in the United States have chronic hepatitis C virus infection, and globally about 130–150 million people have chronic hepatitis C infection.

Hepatitis C is an infection of the liver caused by the virus called Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). Hepatitis C can be acute and chronic, it is an asymptomatic disease, but a chronic infection can be life threatening and cause serious health complications in the future and eventually death. Many are unaware of this infection; the life threatening health risk involves liver damage, end- stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma and even death. It 's been estimated that in the United States 2.7 million people are infected with chronic HCV, whereas the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates 3.2 million (Ditah, 2010). The infected population are primarily in their fifties and sixties, born between 1945 and 1965. One attributable cause is believed to be the transmission of the contaminated blood through organ transplants and drug injections. It is expected that compensated cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) will increase by over 80 percent from the year 2000 to the year 2020. Over the same period, it is estimated that decompensated cirrhosis would increase over 100 percent and that liver-related deaths would increase by 181 percent (Davis GL, Albright JE, 2003).

By National Cancer Foundation, around 15,000 men and 6,000 ladies in the US are determined to have the malady consistently. Liver cancer can develop in two structures – First, when the cancer begins in the liver, and second or metastatic, which shapes in

history for hereditary liver diseases as one might be of high risk for the disease and get

Major risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma include infection with HBV or HCV, alcoholic liver disease, and most probably non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Less common causes include hereditary hemochromatosis, alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency, autoimmune hepatitis, some porphyrias, and Wilson’s disease, aflatoxin ingestion, exposure to inorganic arsenic through drinking water (Shamseddine et al., 2009). The distribution of these risk factors among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is highly variable, depending on geographic region and race or ethnic group (El-Serag and Rudolph, 2007). Most of these risk factors lead to the formation and progression of cirrhosis, which is present in 80 to 90% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (Chen et al.,2009).

Hepatitis C is an inflammation of the liver’s cells and tissues caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Short-term projects and supplementary training during summer and winter of 2010,2011 and 2012 in Tumor induction (Induction of Hepatocellular carcinoma