A Research Study On Literature Review

References to various other studies are made in the literature review, according to Parahoo (2006) describing other people's studies indicates that the researcher has made clear a link between previous knowledge which informs the reader of the background of the study. Benton & Cormack (2001) advocates the literature review should start with an introduction which should contain some reference to the sources discussed as well as an indication of the amount of previous work published. The reader fe

The way I plan on conducting research is through a literary analysis, as I am a high school student with very few resources to gather large amounts of primary data. The types of literature that will be in this paper will include studies, meta-analysis, news articles, and magazine articles. By gathering this information, I will be more equipped to conduct more intensive research in the

Literature Review: Research several types of information. Discuss several Pro and Cons positions by others and include at least 2 references for the Pro and Con arguments. This section should also clearly present both sides of the issue being discussed. Summarize the main issues on both sides by providing information on what the different sources say about the issue. Discuss at least two actual legal cases on your issue and their outcome.

When checking the validity of the literature making sure there is an author without a bias or an agenda is important in addition to making sure they have credible qualifications in the field they are writing about. In addition to this if it is important to note how to correctly reference the aforementioned literature to avoid plagiarism and to make sure the original author of the piece is correctly

Egger & Davey Smith identified four different types of bias in systematic review, locating, selecting, appraising, and synthesizing studies (Egger & Davey Smith, 1998). Locating bias deals with how much effort researcher are willing to expend to locate and obtain research papers. For instance Schlosser noted that Grey literature which he described as documents produced and published by governmental agencies and academic institutions that are not distributed or indexed by commercial publishers are difficult to locate and obtain and as a result of this some researcher do not include them in their review (Schlosser, 2007). Selecting or source bias according to Egger & Davey Smith may come in various forms “associated with the types of sources consulted, including (a) database bias, (b) source selection bias, and (c) publication bias (Egger & Davey Smith, 1998). Database bias could be as a result of the researcher relied on the wrong databases or even rely on a few databases. Source selection often arises when authors or systematic review relied solely on published research without consulting non-published research. Schlosser emphasized that in the process of systematic review authors should make “serious attempt to locate unpublished studies, including conference proceedings, unpublished theses and dissertations, and other grey literature” (Schlosser, 2007). Rothstein, Sutton, & Borenstein

Daymond et al (2011) were of opinion that literature review of a research should be done using a wide range of high quality literatures. On the other hand, Creswell (2007) argued that although an extensive literature review is important, outdated literatures could affect the result and findings of the study. The researchers offered unbiased and overt review by acknowledging the views of many authors and arguments about the problem of the study.

The topic of valuation of early-stage companies, patents, and technologies have been a topic of study since the late 1980’s. Since the work published by Amit et al (1990) a body of management science literature was published around the value relevance of non-financial information that quantifies the human capital of the founding team. Amit et al posit that

Reviewing scientific literature can help by establishing a connection to research topic, establish a connection to research and theory, and provides information about the procedures in other related studies. Reading multiple articles of investigative articles in a credible magazine would give the researcher a foundation in the technical aspects of academic writing. The Researcher can also gather information. This will allow the observer to expand on data previously gathered.

To develop a personal toolkit for critiquing research article, critical thinking that imposes intellectual standards will be the fundamental strategy employed (Elder & Paul, 2008; “Public Library,” 2013). Critical thinking will be employed to minimize bias from the literature review, which should provide a more solid springboard for the dissertation process. The intellectual standards that will be employed are clarity, accuracy, precision, relevance, depth, and breadth. Critical thinking should result in crucial questions and issues for potential research and the ability to articulate them clearly and accurately (Elder & Paul, 2008; “Public library,” 2013). In addition, before initiating a literature review, the focus, type, scope and academic discipline of articles will be determined (“Strategies for Writing,” n.d.). Focus will consider the thesis, predicament, or research question that will be researched. Type will determine if the search will highlight theory, methodology, or the kind of study, that is, qualitative or quantitative research. Scope will establish sources that will be considered such a range of research dates. Choosing an academic discipline such as business or psychology will help focus the search on literature germane to the dissertation goal (“Strategies for Writing,” n.d.).

It is therefore vital for students to be able to evaluate and critique research papers in order for them to regulate the validity of a study and to apply theories to practise. A research critique measures the value and importance of a study and this is going to be determined by evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the study (Brockopp & Tolsma, 2003, p. 400). Critical appraisal is the process of carefully and systematically examining research to judge its trustworthiness, and its value and relevance in a particular context (Astin 2009). The aim of this essay is to

An essential part to a good research plan that will result in a completed dissertation is having reliable information that will support the need for the research topic in the first place (2004). Trochim (2006) discussed validity of information variable relationships in regards to their validity being conclusive, internal construct or external; or a combination of the four based on the researchers observations. Articles critiques require researchers’ to locate scholarly information that could potentially relate to their research topic. The literature review relationship with the research topic is essential; in that it might provide the bases for additional research in a particular area. The literature review can expand manuscript quality and peer reviewing abilities potentially improving the acceptance of the completed work (Kulage, & Larson, 2016).

When claiming authority over a topic or theory, it is important that you prove you know what you’re talking about because research backs it up, this can be the differences between “I know because research proved it” versus “I just know” (Locke, 1989). This is what makes the literature review one of the most important and longest pieces of an academic paper. According to Lewin (2010) the literature is required in academic writing as it provides a support and a background. However, issues do arise in academic writing with the literature review. When writing an academic paper, the writer needs to not only reference other academic articles, in social sciences the writer needs to reference the creator of original theories that may be in papers they are citing, and they also need to reference the original source of information they are using to back up their claims (Lewin, 2010). Without this citation, the information is not validated. An example of this is in therapeutic recreation the selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) model is referenced by a number of articles in the Therapeutic Recreation Journal (2016), however each author must give the credit to the creator, Baltes (1998). If this is not done in academic writing, it not only does not give credit to the creator, it also shows that the author of the article is not knowledgeable on

In psychological research, the unquestionable focus lies heavily in the adherence to the scientific method, thereby studying the resulting behaviors that accompany the main testable topic. Additionally, the questions of who, what, when, where, how, and why undoubtedly serve as key focus. The purpose of this paper is to review the crucial importance of literature searches and best methods to obtain them when carrying out any potential research work. In Doing a literature search: A step by step guide [PDF file] (2012), they defined it as:

According to Baridam (2001), it is not enough to review literature without presenting the studies by topic and determining how each of these topics relates to the researcher’s own study. A systematic presentation of the literature forms the foundation of the study.

The aims of literature search are multiple. For starters, it is a necessary preparation for literature review that is to say, after searching for existing knowledge, we may have a deeper insight into research we are going to conduct. Additionally, it is an appropriate approach to update knowledge and identify a quite narrow gap for further investigation.