A Research Study On Radius Health 's Abaloparatide Sc And Arrowhead 's Arc 520

As generally stated in the introduction, osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder that involves the strength and integrity of one’s bones. The WHO defines osteoporosis as, “a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low-bone mass, deterioration of bone tissue, increased bone fragility, and its susceptibly to recurrent fractures.” 2 The most important factor to take into account when addressing osteoporosis is the mass of bone, also referred to as, bone mineral density (BMD). As bone mass begins to decline, typically in the older population, specifically postmenopausal women, individuals are at an increased risk for fractures.3 As a result of this serious condition, many people are affected by morbidity, mortality, and economic difficulty.1

The organization’s purpose outlines that it harmonizes the scientific approach of its products and services, increased production of its HTAs and rapid reviews, invited patient engagement, and welcomed the pan-Canadian Oncology Drug Review to the organization. Their work is one of their world’s leading health technology assessment (HTA) organizations and essential contributor to evidence-informed decision-making in Canada.

3. Payers: Payers may react to the drug unfavorably as it is at a higher cost as compared to other therapies. They may add the drug to the formulary on a tiered system. But they would be more willing to pay for osteoporosis prevention and management rather than the complications that arise from it.

When the system recognizes a BSA change or Hepatic or Renal challenges, decision-support tools provide real-time, knowledge-based modifications to the treatment protocol.

Nearly 55 million Americans are estimated to have osteoporosis, making it one of the most common diseases among American seniors. According to the Centers for Disease Control, 50 percent of women and 25 percent of men over the age of 50 will end up a broken bone as a result of osteoporosis. In fact, according to May Clinic,

Studies have shown that both estrogen and raloxifene, a Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator, can prevent the loss of bone mass in postmenopausal women. Alendronate, a bisphosphonate is an alternative to estrogen for bone protection. Calcitonin is another treatment used by women for osteoporosis. This drug has been shown to slow bone breakdown and also may reduce the pain associated with osteoporotic fractures. Treatments under investigation include other bisphosphonates, sodium fluoride, para-thyroid hormone, vitamin D metabolites, and other selective estrogen receptor modulators.

rolled out at MinuteClinic locations in California and Texas in 2014, and the findings were published on-line in the Journal of General Internal Medicine. (CVS,2015). Their scorecard merits the company’s success.

Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density and the decay of bone fibers resulting in weaker bones; making bones deteriorated and vulnerable to fractures (Sharma and Khandelwal., 2010). Osteoporosis is a disease that affects men and women. According to a study half of the women and one-eighth of the men would suffer from bone fractures caused by osteoporosis during their life span (Anders, Tuner, and Freeman, 2013). Osteoporosis turns into a considerable health problem mainly for women after menopausal years; as women aged their Bone Mineral Density (BMD) decreases as the risks of bone fractures increase (Mendoza-Romo et al., 2014). Why are women at risk of developing osteoporosis? Bone health is directly

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are the most commonly prescription for postmenopausal osteoporosis, however, difficult dosing regimens and multiple side effects can lead to low compliance [5]. A large proportion achieve adequate low adherence with BPs at 1year, resulting in an increasing risk of fracture [6,7]. Moreover, some concerns about bisphosphonates include gastrointestinal intolerability, musculoskeletal pain, ocular symptom, acute renal failure, atrial fibrillation, a possible increased risk of atypical femoral fractures and osteonecrosis of the jaw [8]. Efficacy, tolerability, and route of administration appear to be more important than frequency of dosing in determining adherence to anti-osteoporosis medications [9]. Nonetheless, there is

Older women have to go through menopause, which is a normal transition in life out of menstruation. The drug companies have medicalized this natural process; now menopause often causes fear in woman about aging and chronic diseases (Abramson). Drug companies have attempted to profit from this fear with the “menopause disease”, of Osteoporosis (Abramson). It is all about the loss of bone density and the resulting fractures that inevitably happens. Fosamax is the prescription of choice for this disease and the scientific data shows it increases bone density (Abramson). However, the same data, when examined closer, shows that woman using the drug to improve bone density are 84 percent more likely to suffer a hip fracture (Abramson). Alternatively, a calcium and vitamin D rich diet and weight bearing exercises like walking or climbing stairs will help prevent falls (Carr, Rabkin, and Skinner 32). Falls are the top cause of the fractures in senior woman and exercising is 200 percent more effective than Fosamax for preventing fractures (Abramson). Once again, a pill comes before a reliable and healthy fix.

Within America, osteoporosis presently affects approximately 10 million people and is responsible for more than 1.5 million fractures annually (Societal Burden of Osteoporosis). About 54 million Americans have osteoporosis and low bone mass which makes them at high risk for the disease (NOF). This disease holds a substantial financial burden with annual direct cost ranging from 17 to 20 billion dollars. Because of the consistent growth in age among the population, the prevalence and number of osteoporosis fractures will continue to increase (SBO). Worldwide, osteoporosis has an estimated total of affecting 200 million women, one-tenth of women aged 60, one-fifth of women aged 70, two-fifths of women aged 80, and two-thirds of women aged 90. Across the areas of Europe, United States,

In 2016 the FDA gave breakthrough status and approval, which will allow hundreds of patients to be treated

Thank you for giving me the opportunity to recommend an appropriate treatment plan to combat Mrs. Laura Kingsbury’s osteoporosis. Based upon LK’s disease state and anticipated vitamin B shot, I recommend Zoledronic acid 5mg IV infused for no less than 15 minutes once every 12 months.1,2,3,4 This formulation would help avoid non adherence and is cost effective.1

United States has the highest rate in the world in cases of osteoporosis. According to The National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) estimates that 10 million people (8 million women and 2 million men) in the United States have osteoporosis as of 2012” ("Osteoporosis “Lucent Books page 10). After all, 28 million Americans, 80% of them women, are affected by osteoporosis. Ten million already have the disease, and 18 million more have low bone mass and an increased risk for the disease; of the population over the age of 50 one out of two women and one out of eight men will have an osteoporosis-related fracture. According to figures provided by the NIH, “The estimated annual national expenditure on osteoporosis and related fractures (hospitals and nursing homes) is $14 billion" (“Osteoporosis” New Medical Therapies – Osteoporosis.)

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