A Short Note On Hepatitis And Its Effects

Hepatitis is bloodborne and is present in all body fluids of the infected person. Hepatitis unlike HIV can live on the outside surface of the skin for a long period of time. There are three types of hepatitis which are hepatitis A, hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Hepatitis B is the hardest to kill on the surface. Make sure to disinfect all surfaces with a hospital grade disinfectant. (sounds plagerised)

12- Hepatitis A- is usually not a serious illness. It is prevalent in developing countries, especially those with overcrowding and poor sanitation, in men who have sex with men, and injecting drug users.

HBV, as stated above, is a disease that affects the liver by coming into contact as an infant from the mother during birth, sex with an infected partner, sharing needles, razors, or toothbrushes of an

This virus is generally transmitted from infected to non-infected individuals through small water droplets released from the infected individuals through coughing, sneezing, and/or contact with mucus and other infected secretions. This virus can withstand living in the small water droplets, outside the host, on many household surfaces for up to two hours. The incubation period for this host averages from one to two weeks, with the virus replicating inside the host, but no symptoms occurring. It is only until four days before the rash appears, and four days after the rash is gone that this virus is

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, “HAV is found in the stool of people who have Hepatitis A. It is usually spread by close personal contact and sometimes by eating food or drinking water containing HAV.”(Anonymous, 2011, para.2) HAV can be easily spread from person to person just by one not washing their hands properly before handling food or water.

The hepatitis C virus is a single-stranded RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family. The virus replicates within hepatocytes and is most notable for lacking a proofreading polymerase which enables copious amounts of viral mutations. There are 6 genotypes of HCV with the most widely distributed genotypes being types 1, the most common, and type 2.

See a doctor right away if you or a child in your care has symptoms of hepatitis A.

Nwakamma stated, “Routes of infection include organ transplantation, IV drug use, sexual contact, exposure to blood, perinatal transmission or occupational exposure” (Nwakamma). Organ transplantation was one of the first ways scientists were able to determine the cause of Hepatitis C. Another more common way Hepatitis C is still being spread is by IV drug use. If a IV needle is contaminated with infected blood, that can cause the person using it to get hepatitis C. When people are injecting drugs into their bodies using someone else’s needle, they are putting themselves at high risk to contract any infectious virus. Infectious viruses are not visible on objects but they are visible once they enter in your bloodstream. The formation of the virus is identified as a positive stranded RNA. Nwakamma makes a similar point about the description of the virus by stating, “The Hepatitis C virus is a small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae, and has a genome of approximately ten-thousand nucleotides coding for structural proteins” (Nwakamma). Once the Hepatitis C virus binds to a cell surface receptor that leads to viral entry into the host cell. Due to Flaviviridae being an RNA virus, it cannot replicate in the nucleus. Patients whose condition with Hepatitis C becomes chronic often have a hard time producing insulin. In accordance with the previous

Hepatitis C typically has a slower and more insidious onset. The preicteric phase, the first of three phases, precedes jaundice that last from 1 - 21 days. When symptom do occur they can be so vague that people often don't realize what is truly going on. People actually may mistake these symptoms as a mild case of the influenza virus as the symptoms of this phase often mimic the symptoms of the flu. The interic phase is characterized by the onset of jaundice that last 2 - 4 weeks. Urine often becomes dark and stool may be a abnormally light color, this is cause by the absence of bile in the stool. Bile pigment deposits in the skin can cause pruritus to occur. The liver often becomes enlarged and tender. During the third phase, the posticteric

This condition is caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV). In most cases, the virus is passed from one person to another through blood. This can happen if you share needles, razors, toothbrushes, or other personal care items. Hepatitis D can also be spread through sexual contact. In rare cases, the virus can be passed from a mother to her baby.

Hepatitis A-Hepatitis A is a highly contagious liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus. Spread primarily by the fecal-oral route or by ingestion of contaminated water or food, the number of annual infections

Hepatitis C is an inflammation of the liver’s cells and tissues caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV).

The hepatitis A virus is found in the feces of someone infected with the virus. It only takes a tiny amount of feces getting inside another person’s mouth to cause hepatitis A infection and is a common infection in many parts of the world where sanitation and sewage infrastructure is poor. HAV is also classed as a sexually transmitted disease because it can be passed on sexually, particularly during activities such as anilingus.

There is no specific treatment for viral Hepatitis. Bed rest and preferably hospitalization is a necessary step in the early treatment. Even though Hepatitis A is a highly contagious virus, isolation of the patient to a single room is not necessary. However, proper prevention methods such as washing your hand after handling the patient, careful handling of the body fluids and feces and wearing gloves when drawing blood is important.

Hepatitis A is a liver disease caused by the Hepatitis A virus. It may cause fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea, and abdominal discomfort, followed within a few days by jaundice the disease ranges in clinical severity from a mild illness lasting 1–2 weeks to a severely disabling disease lasting several months. Good personal hygiene and proper sanitation can help prevent Hepatitis A. Transmission may occur by direct person-to-person contact; or from contaminated water, ice, or shellfish from contaminated water; or from fruits, vegetables, or other foods that are eaten uncooked, but which may become contaminated during handling. Hepatitis A can affect anyone