Wendy Khumalo
KHMWEN002
GEO1009F – Introduction to Earth and Environmental Sciences
Fieldtrip to Tafelberg Road
Segment 1:
This fieldtrip started off at Rhodes Memorial. Rhodes Memorial was built out of Granite that could be found at the sea point contact and also at Hout Bay beach. From Rhodes Memorial, there is a view of the Cape Flats, the Tygerberg Hills as well as the Cape Fold Belt Mountains. The Tygerberg Hills’ underlying rock is made of Malmesbury group shale. This rock is a brown-reddish and dusty soil made of soft and small grains. It is a nutrient rich soil which makes it ideal for agricultural activity. It has previously been used mostly to farm wheat and to certain extent barley but more recently has been used to farm grapes to be used in the wine making process. The nutrient rich soils of the Malmesbury group shale allow for the growth of renosterveld.
The Cape Flats also sit above the Malmesbury group shale rocks; however, they give way to the growth of Dune Fynbos and Acid Sand Fynbos. The Cape Flats are subdued and low-lying because of the properties of the Malmesbury rock. It is a soft rock which makes it easier to erode than many rocks. Due to the fact that it is easily weathered, it is deposited in various places such as the Cape Flats. The Cape Fold Belt Mountains are made of Malmesbury group shale as the softer base of the mountain and the Table Mountain Group above it as the hard layer. The Table Mountain Group consists of Graafwater and quartz
Below these Carboniferous rocks, Devonian rocks are also exposed. These rocks can be found along the northern edge and southeastern margin of the plateau, where strata is nearly vertical. These two geologic systems have also been subdivided into numerous formations categorized according to their lithologic aspect and the fossil fauna and flora which they
On the first side of the outcrop the rock when examined was greenish and had small black grains indicative of diorite with hornblende giving the green color. The rock was similar to the outcrop encountered at Hollow rock which also had several fractures parallel although not as many, and that outcrop was also highly weathered. On the other side of the outcrop, the rock was incredibly different. This side was not weathered beyond recognition but
The Carolina Slate Belt is a gold rich strip that runs from Virginia through both North and South Carolina and ends up in Georgia. The slate is made up of low grade metamorphosed volcanic and slaty cleavages. The mountainous Piedmont of North Carolina isolates the Triassic-Jurassic rift basin and the level Coastal Plain from the hilly Blue Ridge and Appalachians The Coastal Plain comprises of Mesozoic-Cenozoic sediments created when the North Atlantic Ocean got to be more wider, and the Triassic-Jurassic rift basin was filled by sedimentary rocks washed into the rift formed during the opening of the Atlantic Ocean. The Raleigh Belt and Eastern Slate Belt contain rocks like those of the Piedmont. These, however, are
From one state to another. From one house to another. To another school. New teachers and new friends. I am going through 10th grade this year. I drop AP Environmental Science since the class is not for me and I have two more years to take AP classes if I want to do them. My friend talks me into going to bowling tryouts. I get onto the team and I am learning constantly on how to improve. I found a new family and friends. My marketing teacher convinced me to do DECA. Went to districts at Ferris State. Going to States. Confidence improved. Competed at states and had fun with new
One big reason is that developing countries tend to have much faster population growth than in developed countries.
The Nelson Institute was my top choice graduate program precisely because of the dedication to an interdisciplinary approach to environmental studies, and I would cherish the opportunity to lead students as they explore various manifestations of the human-environment relationship.
Answer the following questions in at least 100 words. The answers are found in Ch. 1–4 of Environmental Science.
1) Why are fossil fuels our most prevalent source of energy today? Why are they considered nonrenewable sources of energy?
Landfill gas is generated during the decomposition of organic substances in municipal and industrial wastes. Since it is made up of powerful greenhouse gases, primarily methane gas and carbon dioxide, the prevention of escape to atmosphere is desirable and has the added benefit of being utilised as a renewable energy source (Clarke Energy, 2014). One such company focussed on dealing with this issue is Landfill Gas Industries Pty Ltd (L.G.I. Pty Ltd) they are ‘a specialist designer, supplier, installer, and operator of systems that capture, extract and burn gas produced in landfills’ (L.G.I. Pty Ltd, 2014). L.G.I. Pty Ltd has several opportunities that could impact the company’s operations in Australia, such as government regulation, the
The objectives of this lab are to learn how metamorphic rocks form and how to classify them based upon their texture and composition. In this chapter, we will also learn about distinguishing among the three rock groups and processes that wear rocks down once they have formed.
Open dumping has a destructive effect on the environment, and is a major problem, which affects health, and safety.
The final environmental medium is biota. Since hunting is prohibited in the area and none of the farms raise cattle or live stock or chickens the only biota of concern tis the plants that are being sprayed with the pesticide. To determine the concentration in the produce, randomly collect samples of each type and send it for analysis. The variation that we see will be due to the different types of produce and their ability to absorb the pesticide.
I live in part of the upper Mid-West known as the Driftless area. The terrain contains high bluffs and hills with narrow valleys. The Driftless area, unlike the rest of the Mid-West, escaped the terrain smoothing, mineral depositing influences of the ice sheets during the glacial period (Jefferson, 2010). The bedrock contains limestone, sandstone and shale, and is exposed or near the surface making it popular for sand mining. About 95 present of the frac sand mining in the United State is done here.
You are a general contractor wishing to put up a modest sized cement production plant on the outskirts of town. The plant would operate on only one 10-hour shift per day and would produce about 400 cubic yards of output per day for six days per week. It is necessary for an environmental impact study to be undertaken before the county can issue a permit. The biggest issue is, of course, the air quality implications of cement production, but potential impacts on water quality are of concern as well. It is now October, and you want to start building the plant by the end of next summer, if at all possible. It is now time to issue an RFP to procure an environmental impact analysis. Studies of this type normally require about three months of
“Tell me and I will forget, show me and I may remember, involve me and I will understand’ (Farrelly, 2010. pg 78), this Chinese proverb appropriately describes work-based learning. Cognitive theorists believe that adults expand their learning through implementing what they have learnt in comparison to merely listening, therefore through work-based learning the skills are more effectively understood within the context of work, meaning a learner will implement what they have learnt and scrutinise its effectiveness. Bailey et al. (2004), relate this to Vygotsky 's argument that thinking and learning needs to be understood and embedded for the learner to improve. Through performing this project, research about the outdoor environment has been implemented, observed and reflected upon to improve the setting and the children 's learning. Moon (1994) claims that being reflective is an important tool this is supported by Kolb (1984) cited by Farrelly (2010) in his experimental learning theory on the cycle of learning, which involves experiencing for yourself, reflecting on what you have seen or heard, conceptualising what it means, and planning what will happen next.