A Short Note On The Breakdown Of Muscle Tissue

Hypovolemic shock is an urgent condition of rapid reduction of circulatory volume in the body, which can be created due to blood or plasma or body fluids loss (Kettley & Marsh, 2016, p. 31; Perner & Backer, 2014, p. 613). Blood loss can be induced by internal or external injuries, excessive perspiration or diuretics (Craft & et al, 2015, p. 852). Maureen Hardy’s hypovolemia has been precipitated by hematemesis.

Muscle atrophy is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function that occurs when there is a long period of inactivity of the muscles or defects in motor neuron's (Reilly, Beau 2015). Defects in the motor neurons that stimulate the muscle cause the muscle mass to decrease as proteins that initiate contractions of muscle dissipate. Stimulus is not transferred to the weakened muscle fibers effectively, reducing the contractile force possible for generation from the stimulus. Muscle mass increases upon recovery, as restimulation of the muscle enlarges fiber size, thus a greater contractile force can be generated from the stimulus.

Abstract: In this experiment the measurements of skeletal muscle fibers of the rabbit are in millimeters. The average length for the three muscle fibers after adding the solution A which contained only 0.25% ATP in distilled water was 20 mm. The average length for the three muscle fibers after adding the solution C which contained 0.5M KCl and 0.001M MgCl2 in distilled water was 1.77 mm and the average length for the three muscle fibers after adding the solution B which contained 0.25 % ATP and 0.5 M KCl with 0.001 M Mgcl2 in water was 1.77 mm.

Autosomal dominant LGMD occur less often than recessive dominant LGMD. In the metabolism myotilin gene mutations occur, it may be due to a deficiency of vitamin B12, vitamin E, folate or exposures to nitrous oxide. LGMD 1A disease normally occurs from the age 42 to 77, and develops in the same areas (hip, shoulder and back) however, it could spread to the leg muscles. Due to the fact that myotilin gene is mutated, it causes focal myofibrillar destruction to occur, and this results in intracytoplasmic deposits to float around in the blood stream. In one case study done in Barcelona in 2011, there were 13 patients who were all diagnosed with myotilin gene mutation disease. The results showed that the deposits of myofibrillar became immune to myotilin and cluster up the vacuoles and interfere with the Z-lines. Overall the study revealed that each patient shared the same phenotypic characteristics, LGMD 1A and myofibrillar myopathy variations which emphasizes that LGMD is a developing neuromuscular disorder (Montse,

Although there are myriad causes of Rhabdomyolysis, the most common causes include the usage of alcohol or illicit drugs, extreme muscle strain, especially in someone who is an untrained athlete, a crush injury (e.g. auto accident, fall, or building collapse), long-lasting muscle compression, and/or the use of drugs (e.g. corticosteroids or statins, especially when given in high doses). (Muscal, 2013).

The muscle gets fatigued because of a decrease of oxygen levels, and accumulation of waste products and a loss of cellular energy.

An example of one such category of muscular dystrophy is distal muscular dystrophy. distal muscular dystrophy causes atrophied muscles due to a damaged DYSF or ANO5 gene. The DYSF gene aids in the creation of dysferlin. Dysferlin is found in the thin sarcolemma of the muscle tissue which is thought to aid the sarcolemma in repairing muscles. Since the production of dysferlin is inhibited by this form of muscular dystrophy, the muscles are not able to be repaired, leading them to become progressively more damaged and ineffective over time. Abnormalities in the other ANO5 gene, which produces anoctamin-5 affect muscles by reducing if not eliminating said protein. ANO5 is thought to provide transport for chlorine ions to the muscle cells of a muscle. These two genetic disorders are usually closely linked and it is common for the abnormality of one gene

The blood protein in Methemoglobinemia are unable to carry oxygen, which makes it harder for the tissue to get the amount of oxygen

Therefore, I'm gonna talk about the causes, the common types and the treatments for the Muscular Dystrophy.

Skeletal Muscle Physiology Lab Report V17FA Anatomy & Phys I (BIO-2011-VO02) Fall 2017 Michelle Leeman Objective:

As you read this, have you have considered how your eyes work or how your fingers hold the paper or move across the keyboard? The most interesting thing I learned this past year is how muscles function. I learned how the troponin and myosin strands works and calcium’s vital role in relaxing muscles. I explored this physically when dissecting a cow’s heart. I had not previously considered how I perform everyday tasks and this relevant information captivated me.

Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a disorder that affects multiple systems in the body. The disease is broken down into two categories, myotonic dystrophy I & II. Myotonic dystrophy can be responsible for deterioration of smooth and skeletal muscle, central nervous system, endocrine, cardiac, and ocular systems. Myotonic dystrophy can contrast from mild to severe, and has “been categorized into three somewhat overlapping phenotypes: mild, classic, and congenital” (Bird et al., 1999). Myotonic dystrophy is a multisystem disease damaging to the muscles, heart, brain, eyes and other organs. Myotonia is defined by the stiffness and tightness of the muscles causing some muscles to stay in the contracted position much longer than

In My article, "Breaking Muscle", it talks about how and what makes people, such as athletes, be able to have high motivation in what they do in life. It ,also, talks about what in the brain that makes people motivate themselves to do what they want and control how much they work in life towards what they want. Motivation is huge factor for people and it has been proven that even animals have motivation, too. It's used daily in our lives, by what people have as doing their jobs to even as a kid learning how to walk. If you have high motivation it can help you get a higher paying job if you never give up and keep your eye on the prize. With athletes, especially the professional ones, they usually have a high motivational level to do their

Rhabdomyolysis results when the skeletal muscle rapidly breaks down and releases myoglobin into the bloodstream. Myoglobin is a protein that composes muscle cells that carry and store oxygen in the muscles. Therefore, when myoglobin is released into the bloodstream, the skeletal muscle rapidly deteriorates and is rapidly being destroyed. Rhabdomyolysis can lead to renal kidney failure. Renal kidney failure is when the kidneys can’t remove waste and urine. In some cases, rhabdomyolysis can lead to death. However, there is treatment for rhabdomyolysis.

Cellular hypoxemia is resultant of inadequate amounts of oxygen being delivered to the cells or the inability of the cells to use the oxygen. This can be caused by ischemia, respiratory disease, vasoconstriction, vascular obstruction, edema, or anemia. Hypoxemia may result in power failure in the cell resulting in cell death. As the oxygen tension in the cell increases, anaerobic metabolism begins building up lactic acid and reducing pH levels causing biochemical reactions, chromatin clumping, and cell shrinkage. The leakage of intracellular enzymes into extracellular fluid is an indicator of cell injury or death (Grossman & Mattson Porth, 2014). This is evident with the edema Maria is