A Short Note On The Disease Process Of Peptic Ulcers

The name for these erosions is aphthous ulcers. These erosions, after a while, start to deepen and grow in diameter. Once they reach a certain size, they can be referred to as ulcers. These ulcers can cause scarring and they can also cause the bowel to become stiff and lose its elasticity. As Crohn’s worsens, the bowel becomes obstructed once the passageways narrow enough. This obstruction can cause a buildup of food that is still being digested, fluid and gas that comes from the stomach. This obstruction will then prevent all of those products from entering into the colon. This will cause severe abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and even abdominal distention. If the ulcers located in the walls of the bowel become large or extreme enough, holes can form in the walls of the bowel. Once those holes are formed in the bowel, the bacteria normal to the bowel can then pass through those holes and spread to nearby organs and into the abdominal cavity causing what are called fistulas. These fistulas are like a channel/tunnel that is formed between the ulcer and the adjacent organ. Then when a fistula is created between the affected intestine and the bladder, it is called an enteric-vesicular fistula which can lead to UTI’s and feces being presented during urination. Next, when the fistula is formed between the intestine and skin, it is called an enteric-cutaneous fistula. What this fistula, pus and mucous exit the body through a painful opening found in the skin of the

ulcer causes the patient to suffer with pain, disfigurement, and prevents them from their daily

It is important to count & track pressure ulcer rates as a major factor for quality improvement. Being able to track pressure ulcer rates, care can be altered to better improve medication interventions and ultimately decrease the rates of pressure ulcers. It also allows the interdisciplinary team members be able to gain perspective on data trends. Improvement efforts are ongoing basis and the AHRQ recommends that pressure ulcer incidence or prevalence rates be monitored to determine outcomes, utilization of at least one or two skin assessments, and determine responsibility for overseeing accuracy of skin assessments.

patient tested positive for H. pylori and wakes up at night due to cramping pain with bloating, so it is assumed to be peptic ulcer and the status of his condition is uncontrolled. Her symptoms were not improved with over the counter medication, Tums. Therefore, it is not GRED. However, Patient does not need a referral for endoscopy this time around because she does not hat the symptoms vomiting, nausea or dizziness.

Pressure ulcers remain a major health problem for many years. However, pressure ulcers have received minimal attention when we talk about patient safety issues. It is no doubt a patient safety issue as it can lead to serious damage such as life-threatening infections (Robyn). On a med/surge unit, individuals may experience long or short hospital stays depending on the situation. For the short stays, the focus of care is often on maximizing regaining activities of daily living and assessment and education regarding pressure ulcers is often minimal or non-existent (RNAO). What we fail to realize is that every patient who is at risk needs to be assessed and educated regarding pressure ulcers and the harm it can cause. During the hospital stay, patients may have limited movement and the pressure ulcers can extend into the muscle, tendon, and bone (RNAO). In many cases, patients do not notice the formation of an ulcer and as it may be in areas that are not as visible such as the coccyx. On a unit where there is short staffing, it is more vital to remember to assess for pressure ulcers and prevent the formation of an ulcer. Often, patients are admitted with the presence of a stage one or two pressure ulcer, whether it was from home or long-term care. In that case, patient education need to take place and teachings should be reinforced regarding the prevention of new pressure ulcers forming. Clients should also receive education regarding how to prevent

Shahin E. S. M., Dassen T., & Halfens R. J. G. (2009). Incidence, prevention and treatment of

problem. It not only cause pain, slow recovery from the sick skin condition and prolonged hospital stay but also increase health care costs and nursing time. It occurs in patients of all age group. According to the statistics, it cost $9.1-$11.6 billion and 2.5 million people affect Nation wild each year ( Are We Ready for This Change? | Agency for Healthcare ... n.d.). The skin lesions cause patient suffering from pain, and the risk for infection. In this essay, the student will present a pressure ulcer prevention program (PUPP). Discussing the purpose of the program, the target population, and the benefits of the program associated with the cost. At the final, the student will evaluate the possibility to implement the program.

3. Discuss the different stages of pressure (decubitus) ulcers. Why is it important to understand this for correct code selection?

Although pressure ulcers prevention is very cost effective, it positively impact the health status of the patient. It is very important that healthcare providers reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers because it can slow the patients’ recovery, prolong their hospital stay, they can acquire complications or worse die. According to the Institute of Healthcare

A pressure ulcer is localized in some part of the skin that break down when it stays in a same position because is pressing the skin or rubbing with something for a long time. Pressure ulcers have symptoms but it depends on the category, first category looks redness at the skin and the skin is not yet broken, second starts to look pink, like a blister and break the skin, the third may have some parts badly damaged that look yellowish, and fourth in the ulcers can have dead skin can be dark color that can expand to the bone and requires surgery to move the damaged parts. A patient that suffer pressure ulcer describe the color of the ulcer, how feel around the area and if they have a little bit of pain. Some patients say that ulcer look horrible,

The best treatments for contact ulcers include vocal rest and surgery. However, studies say that surgery should be avoided because it increases the chance of recurrence. Techniques have developed in past years with discoveries such as proton pump inhibitor therapy for two to four months (Emami, 1999). Voice therapy is still used and seems to have the same outcome as patients receiving medicinal therapy (Emami, 1999). For people with gastric reflux, looking to prevent the development of contact ulcers, managing the symptoms by using antacids and seeking medical assistance is important. As with vocal nodes, professionals should take care and not abuse their voice by not shouting, yelling, and excessively throat clearing.

Stress-related mucosal disease (SRMD), an acute erosive gastritis that may potentially lead to stress ulcers and/or stress-related injuries, remain a significant concern for patients within the critical care setting.1 The initiation of anti-secretory therapy (AST) for stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) within the critical care setting has gained widespread use as it has been noted to protect against SRMD and clinically important gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding.2 Although the use of these agents is well established in the critical care setting, several research studies have confirmed the extensive and inappropriate use of AST in both intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU patients, based on current recommendations.3

Before knowing that the Helicobacter Pylori bacteria caused ulcers, people believed ulcers were known to be caused from stress. They refused to believe it was caused from anything else because they believed that no bacteria could thrive in the highly acidic environment of the stomach. There are links going back to 1940 by Dr. A. Stone Freedberg, who was a cardiologist at Harvard, but his boss pressured him to abandon his research and he favored him to do research in something that would be “easier to prove”. Many scientists gave up on this research is due to the overwhelming opposition from the wider scientific community.

In our study we tried the safety of conservative treatment also known as the Taylor method of perforated peptic ulcer. Our results show that in the era of PPI this approach can be applied in patients with acceptable morbidity and no mortality. Study of the natural history of peptic ulcer perforation has shown that, after perforation occurs, it is promptly sealed by adjacent organs. A fibrin clot appears quickly on and around the perforation. This is the initiation of definitive closure of perforation with the help of adhesions between perforated and adjacent organs [12-15].

As there are many causes of peptic ulcer disease, the number one causative agent is a Helicobacter pylori infection. This spiral shaped bacterium was known as far back as 1875. It was discovered that this bacteria inhabited the lining of the human stomach by German scientists. Unfortunately it was impossible to culture at the time so it fell by the wayside and was forgotten ( Hardy, J ). It wasn’t until 1979 that an Australian pathologist Robin Warren noticed that many of his patients who were suffering from gastric ulcers had mysterious bacteria clinging to the tissues of his biopsy specimens. He alongside with his associate physician Barry Marshall, worked endlessly to culture what they saw under the microscope. It was by accident in 1982 that they left their cultures incubating over a five day span and what they discovered upon returning