A Short Note On The Ovary Syndrome ( Pcos ) Is An Endocrine Disorder Affecting Women Of Reproductive Age

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is a common endocrine disorder that can affect many women. It is also “an incurable disorder that affects 1 in 10 women and over 50% do not know they have it” (PCOS Awareness Association, 2014). An ultrasound exam can reveal that women with PCOS have a collection of follicles on enlarged ovaries. The particular cause of polycystic ovary syndrome is unknown. It could be connected to long-term complications; therefore, doctors recommend weight loss to reduce this risk. Also, early diagnosis and treatment can have an impact on deciphering if a woman will have long-term complications. Such complications include type 2

The motive of this paper is to present a analysis of current research on polycystic ovary syndrome more commonly known as PCOS. Pcos is one the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, affecting 5-10% of the population. Despite it's prevalence, pcos remains largely unknown. The main focus of this paper will be explaining what PCOS is, the causes, the diagnosis and the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.

The summer before my freshman year, I was diagnosed with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is an endocrine disorder that is characterized by fatigue, unmanageable weight, infertility, increased androgen levels, and excess insulin, among others. I was prescribed a medicine called Metformin, which, while considered a medication for Type 2 diabetics, is effective in treating PCOS as well. Later I was also put on a birth control pill to regulate my hormones. Throughout the past three years I have had to learn about nutrition, and specifically a PCOS diet, and exercise and why my body needs proper nutrition and exercise more than others might. This has been difficult for me because even though I consider myself active, I had never before worked out with a purpose to be healthier.

If a patient complains with the signs and symptoms previously described along with abdominal pain, amenorrhea, or difficulty to conceive, a physician will take these necessary measures to diagnosing PCOS. During a physical examination, lab work will be ordered such as a fasting lipid profile, a glucose test, hormone levels, and an insulin test. The results will give detail information on hormone levels such as prolactin and thyroid levels, FSH to LH ratio and androgen levels. A transvaginal ultrasound will also be recommended and administered to indicate a pearl-necklace pattern of cysts

Since PCOS is the most common endocrine disorder for women of reproductive ages, Questions to explore are: How does lifestyle factors such as obesity impacts the development of PCOS, how does PCOS affects a women quality of life and what are the best treatment options?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects approximately seven to eight percent of women of childbearing age. While the cause of PCOS is still unknown, it is believed to be a genetic disorder. Often a mother or sister of a woman affected will exhibit symptoms similar to PCOS. Due to the change in the levels of estrogen and progesterone, during ovulation mature eggs are not released which begin to form very small cyst within or on the ovary. These cysts cause infertility. Women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome can overcome infertility through weight loss, laparoscopy (ovarian drilling), medicinal treatment or in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Polycystic ovarian syndrome has many related symptoms but the most common are: irregular periods, amenorrhea, hirsutism, acne, obesity, infertility, insulin resistance, and estrogen dominance. Although, most of the people that have PCOS are obese not all patients are overweight. PCOS is associated with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance.

Adolescent PCOS is on the rise these days due to change in lifestyle, academic load and lack of physical

To manage the complications associated with PCOS, advanced nurse practitioners should promote life style changes, which includes healthier eating habits, increased exercise and weight loss as a priority in women with PCOS (Bates & Legro, 2013). PCOS is associated with excess weight gain, especially in the abdominal area, with this increase weight gain (obesity) there come increased risk for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, certain cancers and also reproductive problems ( Bates & Legro, 2013). Therefore if advanced nurse practitioner can help patients with PCOS control their weight through lifestyle modification, their risk for certain conditions as mentation above will be decreased, overall health and wellness will be improve, in turn improving their PCOS (Bates & Legro,

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal endocrine disorders in women. This syndrome includes multiple cysts in your ovaries that are filled with fluid. It can be easily seen on an ultrasound when there is a string of pearls(cysts) on your ovaries. Many women experience infrequent periods, weight gain, elevated hormone levels and type 2 diabetes.

Once thought to be a disease of thirty some year old women, PCOS has also been

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a condition in which a woman’s levels of the sex hormones estrogen and progesterone are out of balance. This leads to the growth of ovarian cysts (benign masses on the ovaries). PCOS can affect a woman’s menstrual cycle, fertility, cardiac function, and appearance. While the exact cause of PCOS is unknown, it is believed that hormonal imbalances and genetics play a role. Women are more likely to develop PCOS if their mother or sister also has the condition.

Women with PCOS exhibit high LH levels and thereby have elevated production of androgens by theca cells. Hyperandrogenism can, in turn, suppress FSH production, leading to ovarian dysfunction, anovulation and infertility. The prevalence of PCOS in women with RPL runs as high as 56% 79,80,81. Obesity coupled with high LH levels can hinder ovarian folliculogenesis and increase the risk of miscarriage. Studies have also suggested an association among PCOS and hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance, obesity, and hyperhomocysteinemia. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance can negatively affect implantation by decreasing activity of cell adhesion proteins. Hyperhomocysteinemia can also result in miscarriage because of its pro-coagulative nature, similar to cases of thrombophilia

What are some of the symptoms caused by PCOS? Some of the most common symptoms are missed or irregular periods, meaning you can go months at a time without having a menstrual cycle, also many small cysts form in and on their ovaries. According to the PCOS fact sheet, ’infertility (inability to get pregnant) because of not ovulating, is the most common cause of female infertility”. Since the body produces these male hormones it can cause women to have (”Hirsutism”) excessive body and facial hair on the toes and knuckles that face, back and stomach. Weight is also a struggle for females causing extra weight in the torso area or even more serious causing obesity. “Studies abroad have reported that the prevalence of obesity in women with PCOS is quite high sometimes as high as 80%.”(Sen) PCOS, is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women PCOS can aid and cause depression and anxiety because of the hormonal imbalance. Some of the symptoms can be less serious like acne, balding and “excess flaps of skin in the armpits or neck area”, but the symptoms can lead to other

Women with PCOS often experience either prolonged menstrual periods or menstrual periods that occur at irregular cycles. Some women also experience weight gain or excessive hair growth. The condition can occur as early as adolescence, usually signaled by early menstrual abnormalities. However, many women only find out that they