A Study Of The Nervous System

The nervous system is one of the body’s complex functions that contain a network of cells and nerves that transmit signals from the brain and spinal cord to different areas of the body. It is categorized into two groups; the central nervous system which is made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system which contains the body’s nervous tissue and is where neurologic responses occur. Homeostasis, which is the process in which thermoregulation is maintained, also happens in this area.

Among various types of organ systems, the nervous system is one of the most important one in human body. It is responsible for producing, controlling and guiding our thoughts and responses to the world around us according to James W. Pennebaker (2012). During embryological development, the cells that form nervous system are incredibly specialised and work complexly than the cells that form skin or other body parts. Neurosecretory cells are one of the examples of specialised nervous system cells that produce neurosecretions. Neurosecretions are hormones which carry information from sensor cells to target cells and they can be released directly into the bloodstream

The belief is that antidepressants work by increasing levels of a group of chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters. Certain neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and noradrenaline, can improve mood and emotion, although we do not yet fully understand this process

Researchers have identified molecular genetic factors among individuals that makes them more or less prone to experiencing a variety of emotions. Genetic factors were studies that influences certain chemicals in the brain including Serotonin and Dopamine. Researchers focused on genes that had adverse effects of Serotonin and Dopamine. Researchers contend that variations in the gene level have significant effects of chemical levels in the brain and those fluctuations in genetic backgrounds were attributed to environmental experiences of the

Neuropsychology is another field in which both psychology and biology play a major role. Neuropsychology studies the structure and function of the brain as it relates to specific psychological processes and behaviors. It is a clinical and experimental field of psychology that aims to study, assess, understand and treat behaviors directly related to brain functioning. Neuropsychology studies and applies research to the functions and the dysfunctions of the brain and how they affect the body as well as the personality. This has helped us to not only define mental disorders and cognitive impairments, but to develop different treatment

Every once in awhile, some people get moody, while others have one mood that soars out of control, soon taking over completely. When this happens, the diagnosis will be a mood disorder. Mood disorders happen when moods careen out of control, soaring to extreme elation or plunging to deep depression. Depression is one of the best-known mood disorders, by depriving a person from living a normal life, either in work or at home with family, depression affects the way a person may act ( McLeod, Saul. "Psychological Theories of Depression." Simply Psychology. 2015. Web. 23 Nov. 2015.). The response many depressed patients have to certain drugs with neurotransmitters, norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine, all indicate the relationship of causation between the biological basis of depression and the use of drugs. Depression can also be caused by viral infections in rare occasions. Since there are many different causes for depression, these different causes help support the theory that depression is just a collection of different disorders (Zimbardo, Philip G., Robert L. Johnson, and Ann L. Weber. Psychology Core Concepts. 5th ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 2008. Print.).

(3) While successful drug therapies which act on neurotransmitters in the brain imply that depression is a neurobiological condition (4), the fact that such medications do not help about 20 percent of depression-sufferers seems to show that not all depression is due to such imbalances. Rather, depression is not caused by one single factor; it is most often caused by many different things. Genetics, biochemical factors, medicines and alcohol, developmental and other external factors, and relationships, marriage and children all have effect on the development of clinical depression. (5) The strongest hypotheses on the pathways to depression are in decreases in the activity of specific neurotransmitters, or the overactivity of certain hormonal systems. (3)

The central nervous system is composed of our spinal cord and brain which consistently controls our mind and behavior. The complexity of our brain is not entirely deciphered, but with extensive scientific research it can be concluded that each specific section has its own specialized function. In reference to eating pizza, socializing, and playing a game of cards, it can be deduced that our central nervous system is always critically analyzing data using our Broca’s area for speech, hippocampus for memories, hypothalamus controlling internal body, and occipital lobe organizing visual stimuli.

Within the human anatomy, an intricate and complex network of specialised nerve fibres and neurons works in collaboration with the central nervous system and peripheral system, designed to carry out the various actions humans perform every day. The nervous system is also known as the master control unit of the human body, as it operates other major functions such as the circulatory and respiratory systems (Jakab, 2006). It is composed of the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The neurons established within the various sections of the nervous system, is structured with three main parts: a dendrite which is a cluster of branches that operates by receiving information from the

Serotonin is a brain chemical that regulates the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Serotonin appears to play a role in all types of behavior including appetite, emotions, movement, thinking, and response to stress. Excessively high levels of serotonin in the body can cause serotonin syndrome, which is a very dangerous condition.

Neuroscience, commonly referred to as Neural Science, is the study of the way the nervous system develops, how it is structured and the functions of it. Scientists put emphasis on the brain and the impact it has on behavior and cognitive functions. These scientists approach a closer look on the reactions the nervous system has when humans have neurological, psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. The entire concept of neuroscience is addressed as a subdivision of biology. It is applied to chemistry, cognitive science, engineering, mathematics, linguistics and more. Scientists say that neuroscience is identical as neurobiology but there is a difference between the two conceptions. Neurobiology focuses mainly on the biology of the nervous system and neuroscience emphasizes on any portion of the nervous system. Neuroscientists have various fields of study that include cellular, functional, computational and medical aspects of the nervous system.

The organs of our body are controlled by many systems in order to function correctly and efficiently in order to survive within the environment we live in. These include the heart, stomach and intestines and other vital organs and body systems. All of the systems in our body are regulated by a part of the nervous system called the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The ANS is part of the peripheral nervous system and it controls many organs and muscles within the body. Rather bizarrely we are unable to determine or feel its presence in our bodies as it is working involuntary, as a reflexive manner. A common example of this involuntary action is best understood when

The past, no I’m not talking about the past like in history but actually what we call “now”, the newest moments in time and why we can never be fully aware or live in what we call “now” because it takes time for our brain to process the information about what is happening “now” and it takes that time for that information to get from our body to our brains. In fact the taller you are the further you are from “now”, the further from the past you live. But the deeper questions is how does our brain perceive time? How much time it does it take for the brain to receive the what we see now? Can are brains see into the future? To answer these questions we need to delve into how the human brain and time correlate together.

Human’s moods, impulses that flash through the mind or ideas are spurred by the biological condition. Which means that how you think, sense, feel and see the world around you is influenced by chemicals in the brain (The chemical mind, 2014). Every neuron is made up of the cell body, where the DNA information and the mitochondria are stored. Dendrites receive messages, they pick up the electric impulses and activate the action potential that passes the impulses along to the cell body and the axon, which transmits the electrical impulses from the cell body out to other neurons or muscles and so on. The axon is sometimes protected by myelin sheath, which helps speed up the transmission of messages. It shoots the electrical charge to its terminals and toward the neighbouring neuron. The place where one neuron almost touches the other is called synapse, the little gap between two neurons is called the synaptic gap. When the actual potential runs