A Study On Conventional Imaging

Abdomen: The lipases appeared unremarkable. The liver, spleen, gallbladder adrenals, kidneys, pancreas and abdominal aorta appeared unremarkable. The bowels seen on the study appeared thickened. Dilated appendix seemed consistent with acute appendicitis. All the structures of the abdomen appeared unremarkable. No free air was seen.

My patient is a 64-year-old that came in for upper abdominal pain. She felt her pain was worse when she lied down flat, so she had been trying to sit up and lean forward for most of the day. As the day went on her pain got worse, so she came into Emergency Department for further evaluation. She did not have any nausea or emesis and no change in her bowel habits. No fevers or chills. No trauma to the abdomen. In the hospital, she is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis.

Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (IPMN) are tumors that grow within the pancreatic duct that produce thick fluid. This tumor can be classified as main duct IPMN or branch duct IPMN. The classification between main duct IPMN and branch duct IPMN are based on imaging studies as well as histology. In imaging studies some cysts at times display involvement within

The recent development of new respiratory gating techniques, motion resistant pulse sequences, and additive advantages of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) imaging protocols make MRI a very accurate investigation modality for the evaluation of pancreatic masses. MRI has the unique ability of non-invasive evaluation of the pancreatic ducts, pancreatic parenchyma, adjacent soft tissues, and vascular network in a single examination.

This cancer is found in the pancreas. The pancreas is about 6 inches long that is shaped like a thin pear lying on its side. The wider end of the pancreas is called the head, the middle section is called the body, and the narrow end is called the tail. The pancreas lies between

The accurate clinical assessment of acute abdominal pain remains one of the more challenging areas of medicine. The variety of conditions that require emergent medical management, and often surgical management, vary widely in clinical presentation and physical examination 13.Diagnosis of many acute abdominal conditions relies on a good history and physical examination and the appropriate use of radiological investigations14.There is no single radiological test that is uniformly effective in identifying the cause of acute abdominal pain .Various factors, including age, sex and the suspected clinical diagnosis determine the choice of radiological investigation . Ultrasound is being used increasingly in the assessment of acute non-traumatic abdominal pain as it is non-invasive and does not carry the risk of radiation15.

Pancreatitis – inflammation of the pancreas characterized by severe upper abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, fever, and rapid pulse

staff, “Pancreatitis is inflammation in the pancreas”. (staff, 2016) The pancreas is a long, flat

After evaluation of the abstracts, of the 16 results uncovered from the search, only six actually discuss CT as a prognostic tool in predicting the outcome of patients with acute pancreatitis. Of these six potential articles, the rationale behind rejecting five was based on whether or not they also investigate patients

There is currently no reliable method for the early detection of pancreatic cancer as it has no clear signs and symptoms. The most predominant sign of pancreatic cancer is jaundice and this occurs most of the time at a late stage when the tumor size increase and lead to an obstruction of the bile ducts. Earlier signs and symptoms include mild abdominal pain, loss of appetite, weight loss and general fatigue.

The focal point for acute pancreatitis treatment is to reduce the secretion of pancreatic enzymes, which inhibits the inflammatory process. Pancreatic/abdominal Inflammation results in nerve irritation and pain, the hallmark symptom of pancreatitis. The patient’s pain level was assess every two hours and addressed in a timely manner. After thirty minutes of administering the prescribed narcotic analgesia, the pain level was reassess to monitor the effectiveness of the medication. The patient reported a decrease or relief in pain after administration. The patient instituted non-pharmacologic pain relief through other measures, such as, sitting up in a chair during the day to promote comfort, stress reduction, and relaxation exercises. Upon palpation of patients’ abdomen, abdominal tenderness and slight distention noted. The patient stated, “The tenderness and distention in my stomach has decrease since my admission”. Since the patient was hypertensive to palpation or percussion of her abdomen during periods of pain, the pain level assessed and addressed prior to an abdominal assessment. Reducing the pancreatic secretion contributed to effective pain management and a decreased her pain level. It also contributed to decrease episodes of nausea and vomiting and improvement in serum lipase level (the diagnostic markers). Continuous gastric suctioning for first two days of admission and Nothing-by-mouth (NPO) status

If the levels are high for both of these test, it indicates to the doctors or technicians that a patient could have acute pancreatitis. Other test that are done to determine whether or not someone may have acute pancreatitis is pancreatic function test. This test helps “find out if the pancreas is making the right amount of digestive enzymes” (Digestive Disorders Health Center, 2005-2015). Second test is the Glucose tolerance test. It measures the damage of the cells in the pancreas that makes insulin. Third test is ultrasound or CT scan. It” makes images of the pancreas so that problems may be seen” (Digestive Disorders Health Center, 2005-2015). Fourth is a biopsy test. The biopsy test is when, “a needle is inserted into the pancreas to remove small tissue sample for study” (Digestive Disorders Health Center,

Acute pancreatitis what is? Inflammation of the pancreas that produces exocrine and endocrine dysfunction with clinical manifestations that range from mild to severe and often mimic other disorders. The two most common causes for acute pancreatitis are gallstone migration and alcoholism. We will discuss outcomes for a patient with said gastrointestinal alterations. What problems and risk we may need to mange for the patient. How to respond to said problems or risk. Interventions for the problems/risk, optimal functioning, safety, and well-being for the patient. Anticipated education for the patient and whether or not there are age or culture factors they may hinder our plan of care?

Pancreatic pseudocysts account for majority of pancreatic cystic lesions. Mucinous and serous cystic tumors represent up to 60% of all cystic lesions. Nevertheless, pancreatic cystic neoplasms occur less frequently than solid ones, but are now found with increasing frequency due to improvement and refining of modern imaging techniques. Here we present a 55-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, with an initial workup revealing an increase in serum lipase and imaging showing a 7.0 x 5.7 x 4.1 cm pseudocyst in the pancreatic head and uncinate process. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) was inconclusive with atypical cells and mucous background. A subsequent Whipple procedure was performed with resection

Pancreatitis is a severe inflammation of the pancreas. This inflammation occurs due to the pancreatic duct getting blocked by over secretion of pancreatic enzymes. This can occur due to alcohol abuse, gallstones drugs, trauma, infection or an autoimmune disease (Pellico, 2017, p. 715). Pancreatitis can be divided into two categories know as acute and chronic. Acute pancreatitis develops quickly and can become a medical emergency if it is not treated due to the risk of infection, hypovolemia and electrolyte disturbances (Pellico, 2017, p. 715).Acute pancreatitis occurs due to the digestion of pancreatic enzymes in the pancreas. It is accompanied by edema, tenderness, radiating back pain, inflammation and sometimes a fever.