A Study On Cystic Fibrosis

A widely accepted Caucasian disease has since changed; as cases of its existence are appearing in the South Asian Population (Orenstein, Rosenstein and Stern, 2000). First discovered in 1989, Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetically predetermined condition, its presences is lifelong and highly complex, which is why many CF sufferers and families develop various mechanisms in order to adapt to the condition (Tippingemail, Scholes, Cox, 2010). Cystic Fibrosis causes the body to develop thick, sticky mucus which clogs the lungs and affects other organs in the body, mainly the pancreas. The layer of mucus if untreated develops in to a chronic infection which can be detrimental. The pancreas of a CF patient is most vulnerable, once the mucus has

In infants symptoms include coughing, wheezing, excess mucus in the lungs, shortness of breath, extremely salty skin and decelerated growth. With infants it is very common for them to develop pneumonia infections because of all the bacteria that resides in the lungs. With treatment, most patients with cystic fibrosis live into their 20’s and 30’s, some individuals with milder cases can live longer. Death is most often due to end-stage lung disease.Thus far no cure for the disease has been found. Although, research on gene therapy is promising. Treatment is generally aimed at alleviating symptoms, preventing infections, and slowing the progress of the disorder. (Egan’s 10th Ed,

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a common genetic disorder that affects the exocrine gland in the lungs, liver, pancreas, and intestines causing progressive disability due to multisystem failure. It is also known as “mucoviscidosis because of the mucus that builds up and blocks the respiratory system and pancreas”(Bedwell). Cystic Fibrosis affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive juices. It causes these fluids to become thick and sticky. With them becoming so thick and sticky they can plug up tubes, duct, and passageways. Unfortunately, there is no real cure for Cystic Fibrosis. “Although, the new developments in treatment and management, the 50 percent survival rate from the 1970’s has greatly improved, allowing patients to continue to live their lives longer than ever expected in the past. New developments in prevention of exacerbations, therapy drugs and methods to preserve

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic life-threatening disease. Other names for cystic fibrosis may be CF for short, cystic fibrosis of the pancreas, fibrocystic disease of the pancreas, mucoviscidosis, mucoviscidosis of the pancreas, pancreas fibrocystic disease or pancreatic cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis was first discovered in 1938 by Doctor Dorothy Hansine Anderson. Doctor Anderson was the first to view cystic fibrosis as a disease and helped create tests to diagnose it. Cystic fibrosis is a disease that is passed from parents to children through genes. It is a long-lasting illness of the secretory glands. The secretory glands are what makes mucus, sweat, tears and saliva. Cystic fibrosis causes the secretory glands to generate unusual thick

This genetic disease is found to affect over 30,000 people with additions of nearly 1,000 people diagnosed every year. The prevalence of individuals with cystic fibrosis in the U.S. has decreased and major medical developments have helped to increase the life expectancy of those with the disease now as compared to 10 years ago (MacKenzie 237). The average age of diagnosis is around 6-8 months, whereas roughly two thirds of patients are diagnosed within their first year of birth. Unlike some genetic conditions, cystic fibrosis is not sex linked and as a result, occurs equally as often in men as in women. The severity and variation of symptoms differs from one individual to the next. However, research has found that females with cystic fibrosis have a “shortened life expectancy relative to men” because they “become colonized with certain common CF pathogens earlier than men and show a decreased life expectancy” due to the early onset of respiratory infections (Harness-Brumley 1013). In addition, research suggests that there is a high rate of bone related diseases in co-occurrence with cystic fibrosis. It is found that “individuals with cystic fibrosis fail to demonstrate normal bone calcium accretion” due to insufficient intake and absorption of nutrients (Boyle 455). The multiple factors contributing to bone disease include malnutrition, vitamin and mineral malabsorption, recurrent infections, and lack of exercise” can lead to osteoporosis if left untreated (Boyle

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a disorder causing the body to release extremely thick and sticky mucus that clogs the lungs and pancreas, leading to problems with breathing and digestion, infection, and ultimately death. Abnormal secretion of sweat and saliva glands is also characteristic of CF. This disease a hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands that is characterized by respiratory and digestive problems and the most common inherited disease among Caucasians, affecting 3,600 live births in the Canada alone. CF affects men and women equally, but affects white people more than black people. This disease mainly affects children and young adults and is diagnosed by the age of three. Due to the advances in genetic research, diagnosis has been

The vast majority with cystic fibrosis likewise have stomach related issues. Some influenced babies have meconium ileus, a blockage of the digestive tract that happens soon after birth. Other stomach related issues result from a development of thick, sticky bodily fluid in the pancreas. The pancreas is an organ that produces insulin (a hormone that controls glucose levels). It additionally makes compounds that process nourishment. In individuals with cystic fibrosis, bodily fluid obstructs the conduits of the pancreas, decreasing the generation of insulin and keeping stomach related catalysts from achieving the insides to help

Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic condition that mainly affects the lungs, but can also affect the kidneys, pancreas, intestines and liver. It is caused by a mutation of both copies of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. This causes a build up of thick mucus in the bodies various tubes and passageways. It can be identified by sweat tests, genetic testing and is often identified via screening tests that take place early in life.

Abstract: The main goal of this paper is to explain what Cystic Fibrosis is and also to explain what

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common fatal genetic diseases in Canada. This disease is the result of a mutation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), located on chromosome seven. CF causes the body to produce thick and sticky mucus that clogs the lungs, causes infections, and blocks the release of enzymes from the pancreas. The first such defective gene was identified by research geneticist Dr. Lap-chee Tusi in 1989 with his team at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. The mutated copy of the gene is recessive, so a child must inherit both copies of the defective allele from his or her parents in order to express CF. In the past, parents realized that they were carriers only when their child was

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease that affects the cystic fibrosis trans membrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene located on Chromosome 7, in a persons DNA. Autosomal means that the gene for CF is not carried on the sex chromosomes and both male and females are affected by the mutation. The disease is a recessive disease meaning that it requires 2 abnormal genes to be expressed; only one gene would mean that the person is a carrier of the disease. This is because the normal CFTR gene dominated the abnormal CFTR gene. For the disease to be present and show in the person, they must have inherited 2 abnormal CFTR genes, one from each parent. Being a ‘carrier’ does not mean that you have CF but it does mean that you can pass the defective CFTR genes onto your children, possibly leading the off-spring being affected by the CFTR genes. It is the most common fatal genetic disease in the US today with an average life span of 25-30 years. (Ndsu.edu, Cystic Fibrosis and Gene Therapy Ndsu.edu,. (2014). Cystic Fibrosis and Gene Therapy. Retrieved 14 August 2014, from http://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/~mcclean/plsc431/st). CF is a genetic disorder that affects the digestive and respiratry systems. The CFTR gene causes a protein to not work properly blocking the movement of NaCl (Sodium Chloride) in and out of the cell, causing an abnormally sticky and thick mucus to be produced on the out side of the cells. This mucus clogs the lungs leading to infection. It also blocks

In 1989, the CFTR gene was discovered. (Discovery) This gene carries the instructions for the CFTR protein, which sits on the cell surface transporting chloride ions across the cell wall. When the CFTR gene is mutated, the CFTR protein is made incorrectly, and it is unable to exchange chloride ions. The high chlorine concentration inside of the cell is not optimal for normal cell function, so the lung cells naturally begin to pull in water from the mucus to dilute the thick chlorine concentration inside the cells. The result is thick, sticky mucus on the outside of the cells that mats down the cilia in lung airways. Clearing the throat and absorbing nutrients thus becomes extremely difficult and the symptoms of CF arise. (May)

Cystic Fibrosis was first recognized in 1938, as an individual disease or distinct entity, which basically means that the symptoms were not related to any other illness (Davis, 2006), but there was a common passage in the ‘Almanac of Children’s Songs and Games from Switzerland’, the passage read, ‘the child will soon die who’s brow tastes salty when kissed’, which hinted at the saltiness of the skin of infants who died might relate to Cystic Fibrosis. Autopsies were done in 1838 on malnourished infants, these infants acclaimed a diseases of mucus that plugged the glandular ducts, this was termed as “cystic fibrosis of the pancreas” by D.H. Anderson (Davis, 2006). Cystic Fibrosis was described by the following symptoms, malabsorption of fats and proteins, growth failure, steatorrhea, and pulmonary infection (Davis, 2006). Numerous articles began to appear during the early 1900s, these articles were describing newborns who had pancreatic disorders (Shapiro & Heussner, p.17).

The respiratory system provides vital oxygen and removes toxic carbon dioxide through the act of breathing and disorders of the respiratory tract can become emergent very quickly (Story, 2015) due to the body’s critical need for oxygen. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one such genetically common and fatal diseases in the United States per Harness-Brumley, Elliott, Rosenbluth, Raghavan and Jain (2014). CF is a multisystem disorder that is characterized by nutritional deficiency and recurrent respiratory infections due to thick mucus, as a result of the lack of chloride transport across the epithelium. Story (2015) also informs that CF changes the cells that produce mucus, sweat, saliva and digestive secretions and as a result, normally thin secretions become think and tenacious, which in turn occlude airways, ducts, and passageways (Story, 2015).

Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disease that ultimately leads to death. It affects every racial group worldwide, but its prevalence varies from country to country. In those with cystic fibrosis, the lungs and digestive system are primarily affected by the disease. With the new developments in treatment and management, the 50 percent survival rate from the 1970’s has greatly improved, allowing patients to continue to live their lives longer than ever expected in the past. The new developments in prevention of exacerbations, therapy drugs and methods to preserve lung function have done great things to help patients extend their lives. Education is another important aspect of treating cystic fibrosis. For example, more the