A Study On Down Syndrome Essay

Down syndrome is named after Dr. J.L. Down, who first discovered and studied the condition. It is part of a large number of disabilities known as intellectual disabilities. Down syndrome is present at birth and individuals are usually diagnosed during pregnancy or shortly after birth. There are three types of Down syndrome. The most common of these involves an extra number 21 chromosome, which gives the individual 47 instead of 46 total chromosomes. A chromosome breaking and then reattaching to another chromosome characterizes translocation, which is the second type of Down syndrome. The third type, nondisjunction occurs when a pair of chromosomes fail to separate properly during nuclear division. Individuals with this disability usually

mother could have a Down Syndrome baby even though there was never any sign of

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that numerous individuals around the world suffer from; it is an intellectual disability that is caused by having one too many chromosome 21 copies, trisomy 21. The average person has two copies of chromosome 21 in each cell, whereas, an individual with Down syndrome has an extra copy of chromosome 21. This happens when either the sperm or egg cell undergoes atypical cell division during development. In the United States, there are approximately 400,000 individuals who have been diagnosed with Down syndrome, according to the last census in 2012 (National Down Syndrome Society).

Answer: The most common form of Down syndrome is known as Trisomy 21, a condition where individuals have 47 chromosomes in each cell instead of 46. This is caused by an error in cell division called nondisjunction, which leaves a sperm or egg cell with an extra copy of chromosome 21 before or at conception. To the genes when the cell division occurs is when the extra chromosome goes to find a cell and attaches

Down syndrome is a birth defect caused by a genetic disorder that affects 350,000 people in the United States. It is caused by abnormalities in the genes and is not inherited, meaning that parents do not pass this onto their children. Genetics is the study of heredity or how certain traits are passed from parents to their children. Genes are the basic unit of heredity. Cells are the building blocks of your body and each one of us has more than 100 trillion cells. Our genes are located in chromosomes. Each cell in your body contains 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs. In a person with Down syndrome, there are 47 chromosomes. In 1956, a French researcher named Jerome Lejeune used a new powerful microscope to view human strands of DNA. DNA is what

John Langdon Down was the first to write an accurate description of Down syndrome . Down syndrome is one of the most common disorders among children in America, which is why it is so well known. Down syndrome has three different types: trisomy 21, mosaicism, and translocation(1). When it comes to the different types trisomy 21 is the most common. This is when every cell has an extra chromosome 21 and babies with this type tend to have a wide variety of different symptoms. Mosaicism is the next common form of Down syndrome. When it comes to this type the individual has extra chromosome 21 in only some of their cells. Babies with mosaicism tend to have fewer symptoms. For translocation, the kids who have this only have one extra piece of chromosome

Down syndrome is caused by an extra chromosome of 21 in the children’s cell. Normally people have 46 chromosomes, however down syndrome contains 47 chromosomes. (Nhs.uk, 2016i)

known risk factor is advanced maternal age-at age 35, a woman has 1 chance in

Down syndrome is a disease in which chromosome 21 has extra genetic material delaying the way a child develops mentally and physically.

In every cell in the body there is a nucleus and this is the location where genetic material lives. These genes are responsible for carrying the inherited traits that we get from our parents, in the form of chromosomes. Normally each cell contains a nucleus with a pair of 23 chromosomes, half of which come from mom and the other half coming from dad. The genotype in the example given is that of a person with Down syndrome. Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that results in learning disabilities and physical abnormalities. Most cases of Down syndrome are caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. An extra chromosome, making 3 of one kind, is called a trisomy and the most common is trisomy 21. This may be a chromosome given to the child from the father but a portion of mothers can also pass the chromosome to the child, mothers that get pregnant over 35 years of age have been shown to pass on the chromosome. Physical appearance will lead a doctor to suspect a patient with Down syndrome but a blood test is needed to determine if the patient has the extra chromosome. Down syndrome can affect many parts of the body, there are

This is when part of a number 21 chromosome breaks off during cell division and attaches to another cell. There are still only 46 chromosomes, but the extra part of the 21st chromosome causes the symptoms of Down syndrome. No matter what type of Down syndrome, all people with Down syndrome have an extra copy of chromosome 21 in all or some of their cells. This additional genetic material alters the course of development and causes the characteristics associated with Down syndrome. The cause of the extra full or partial chromosome is still unknown. Maternal age is the only factor that has been linked to having a baby with Down syndrome resulting from nondisjunction or

The deficiency is named after John Langdon Down, a doctor who first described the condition in 1866 (Hickey et al., 2012). There are several ways Down syndrome occurs. The most common type of Down syndrome occurs when chromosome 21 fails to separate during development, producing an additional copy of chromosome 21 called trisomy 21. During formation of sperm and egg cells, chromosome 21 fails to separate, which produces the additional chromosome 21, and the cell contains 24 total chromosomes. When the affected cell is joined with a normal sperm or egg the fetus has 47 chromosomes with three copies of chromosome 21 (Patterson, 2009). The origin of the additional chromosome 21 comes from the mother about 88% of the time, 8% of the time from the father, and 3% after the sperm and egg cell have joined (Natoli et al,

Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that is a result of when a person inherits all or part of an extra copy of chromosome 21. This can occur in a variety of ways, the causes of which are unknown. The most common chromosomal abnormality that produces Down syndrome is Trisomy 21, a defect in which an extra or third copy of the chromosome is present in every cell in the body. According to Parenting Magazine the number of Down syndrome births is relatively low for 18-yr-old mothers-1 in about 2100 births. In the later childbearing years the risk increases-1 in about100 for 40-yr-old women. Two other chromosomal abnormalities cause Down syndrome and occur in about 4-to-5% of all cases. The first, translocation, takes place when a child inherits a small, extra piece of the 21st chromosome is attached to

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder in which a person is born with an extra copy of chromosome 21. There are three genetic variations that cause Down syndrome: Trisomy 21, Mosaic Trisomy 21 or Translocation Trisomy 21. There are many ways in which theses disorders affect the body.  Trisomy 21 occurs when an egg or sperm comes in with an extra copy of chromosome 21, then, once an embryo is formed and starts to develop, the chromosome is replicated in every single cell of the embryo. Trisomy 21 is the most common type of Down syndrome. About 92% of Down syndrome patients have this type. People with Trisomy usually have physical problems.

Babies born to women aged in their 40s tend to have low birth weights. This is generally a result of premature birth and bad because the baby has less time to grow and develop in the womb and is therefore more vulnerable to pretty much everything. It makes it hard for the baby to fight off infection, keep warm, gain weight, feed, and it can also cause breathing problems due to low oxygen levels at birth and sudden infant death syndrome. Low birth weight can also be a result of placental insufficiency. This is when the nutrients meant to be provided to the foetus through the placenta simply fail to be given due to the placenta not growing or functioning properly.