A Study On Ic Disc

The analysis of the data was done by employing the following statistical techniques which were chosen only after the investigator found them to be most appropriate and compatible to the data. Each statistical method is based upon its own specific assumptions regarding the nature of the sample, its universe and research conditions. These factors were considered in advance. Following statistical measures were

___IV. Practical Aspects - This book provides detailed descriptions on tests including specific data for purpose

Retinal vein occlusion is the second leading cause of vascular disorder after diabetic retinopathy.1 Retinal vein occlusions are classified into 3 categories depending on the location of the thrombus formation; branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), and hemi retinal vein occlusion (Hemi-RVO). 7 BRVO is considered to be the most common among the retinal vein occlusions.6 BRVO occurs more often in men than women. Asians (5.7 per 1000) and Hispanics (6.9 per 1000) are at greater risk of developing BRVO than other ethnicities.6 The age range of patients diagnosed with retinal vein occlusion ranges from young as 14 years of age to old as 92 years of age, with 51% of patients being older than 65 years.3 Advancing age is an important risk factor for developing retinal vein occlusions. Prevalence of retinal vein occlusions in 40-49 years old is 1.57 per 1,000, 4.58 per 1,000 in 50-59 years old, 11.11 per 1,000 in 60-69 years old, 12.76 per 1,000 in 70-79 years old, and 10.32 per 1,000 in those older than 80 years.6

| Based on explicit knowledge and this can be easy and fast to capture and analyse.Results can be generalised to larger populationsCan be repeated – therefore good test re-test reliability and validityStatistical analyses and interpretation are

Shapiro-Wilk and Levene’s test were used to evaluate assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variance, respectively. Neither were found to be violated.

These two statistical test were appropriate for this research study as described by the authors.

The most frequent ocular complications reported for all the AVM groups, are: vascular occlusions, aneurysm formation, intraretinal haemorrhage, exudation and cystoid macular oedema. Furthermore, neovascular glaucoma and open angle glaucoma have been described as a result of a retinal central vein occlusion [1].

○ Abnormalities of the blood vessel of the retina or the inner lining at the back of the eye

There are two types of DR: Non-Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). In NPDR, the damaged blood vessels leak extra fluid and small amount of blood into the eye. This condition leads to the formation of exudates in the retina. As the disease progresses the amount of exudates also increases. In PDR, the blood vessels in the retina close which prevent the blood flow in the eye. At this condition the new blood vessels are formed in order to supply blood to the blocked area and are called as

All data were displayed in the form mean ± SEM, and scrutinize using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey’s test or Bonferroni-corrected comparison tests, as appropriate. After recording the data from the various experimental groups, the results were analyzed, with p < 0.05 used as the level of significance. SPSS 18 software was used for the data analysis.

Thus, the knowledge of normal macular thickness and its distribution is essential for assessing macular thickening in various ocular pathologies.

The procedures were performed on Siemens Artis Zee (Siemens, Germany) Biplane digital subtraction angiography machine.

TRICKS-MRA was an accurate method in assessment of the size of AVM nidus. Eleven out of fifteen (73.3%) lesions were found to be larger than 2cm on TRICKS compared to 8/15 on MRI+C (53.3%) as well as in detection of the feeding arteries, whether single 9/15 (60%) (Fig 1 & 5) or multiple 6/15 (40%) (Fig. 2), and draining veins; superficial 8/15 (53.3%) or deep 7/15 (46.7%). Regarding the 5 patients with hemangiomas (see Fig 3& 4), 4 patients (80%) of them showed single arterial feeder, while one patient (20%) with peri-orbital hemangioma had dual arterial feeding. The two patients with low flow venous malformation

order to understand the possible cause of the occurrence of the CRVPu are anatomical conditions in the area of the eye and knowledge to consider about physiological processes in the field of CRV.

An adequate sample size (KMO = 0.77), with a non-identity correlation matrix (Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity, P0.05).