A Study On Lung Cancer

What are lung cancers? Lung cancers are the abnormal cells which grow in uncontrolled manner in one or both lungs. They do not function as normal lung cells and do not develop into healthy lung tissue. The abnormal cells can grow, form tumours and interfere with the normal functions of the lung (Lungcancer.org, 2015). Lung cancers can be divided into two major types, namely non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancers (SCLC). NSCLC can be further classified into three main subtypes, namely adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma and large-cell carcinoma (Longo & Harrison, 2012). Lung cancers can be diagnosed by chest X-ray, computerised tomography (CT) scan, positron emission tomography-computerised tomography (PET-CT) scan, bronchoscopy and biopsy (Nhs.uk, 2015). Unfortunately, lung cancers are often diagnosed at the later stages. This is due to the unrecognisable symptoms and warning signs at the earlier stages. NSCLC are often diagnosed at stage IV which accounts for 30-40% of cases whereas 60% of SCLC is diagnosed at stage IV. Lung cancer usually originates from the cells lining the bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. Carcinogens especially tobacco smoke will alter the gene expression of the normal human lung cells, resulting in cell mutation. The proto-oncogenes will be converted to mutated form, oncogenes. Mutation leads to the decreased expression of the tumour suppressor genes. This results in uncontrolled cell proliferation, cell

Throughout life, many individuals experience difficulties due to growing up in everyday life. While going in depth of the human life, it is discovered that there are many diseases and disorders that affect humans’ everyday functions. A very popular disease that has traumatically affected the human body is cancer. Cancer is a disease that spreads throughout your body in many ways. The purpose of cancer is to attach to a blood cell in your body and cause a plague within itself, causing the body to initially shut down and die. This disease contains many forms and have many causes to it. However its main goal is to destroy the human body.

Lung cancer can be caused by multiple factors and many factors can work together to cause someone to have lung cancer. Besides smoking, radon, secondhand smoke, the environment and someone’s occupation can all cause lung cancer. As we already know smoking is the number one cause of lung cancer cases worldwide and over forty-three million people just in the United States smoke cigarettes. There are more than fifty chemicals in tobacco smoke that are ingested each time someone smokes. Some of these chemicals include benzene (which can be found in pesticides and gasoline), Formaldehyde (which preserve dead bodies), pesticides (which are found on lawns and gardens) and Tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (Martin, 2012). When a person inhales the chemicals in cigarettes, they inhale thousands of poisons, toxic metals, and

Imagine you are running and with each step your breath becomes shorter and shorter. Your lungs are working twice as hard and you have not even gone half way. Sweat is running down your forehead as is becomes harder for you to breath. You used to be able to run with such ease but now you are out of breath. While thinking back at what has changed to make your breathing so heavy you drop your pack of cigarettes. Smoking cigarettes is a dangerous habit. Not only can it cause cancer and other health problems to yourself but it can also pose a risk to others. Many people get addicted to smoking cigarettes. They may have been pressured into trying one or have seen a commercial about smoking and wanted to try it out for himself. Some find pleasure in smoking and use it as a relaxation from their stressful lives but that is not a good enjoyment.

<p dir="ltr" style="line-height:2.4;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" id="docs-internal-guid-bff5b218-ea6f-7503-56b8-a24e5273d2ef"><span style="font-size:27px;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;">There aren't many people who are clear about the way cancer works. Well cancer is basically a disease that is characterized by out of control cell growth. Cancer can cause serious harm to a human&rsquo;s body, when damaged cells divide out of control lumps or masses of tissue called tumors. Tumors can cause damage and interfere with the digestive system, nervous, and circulatory systems. And can also release hormones

Each year there are about one million three hundred seventy thousand deaths worldwide from lung cancer. Lung cancer is a particular type of cancer that is more deadly and common with other types of cancer. Lung cancer for most people can be avoided because cigarette smoking is the primary cause of lung cancer. Of course, there are other ways that increase the chance of lung cancer that can’t be avoided, like if it runs in the family. There are two different types of lung cancer small cell lung cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. In order to determine what the specific type is it needs to be looked at under a microscope as the two types have different treatments. There are many symptoms that may be associated with lung cancer, not all are present in the chest, some symptoms occur in different regions of the body. Lung cancer had a variety of treatment options. The patient's doctor will decide what treatment is best for them depending on their type of cancer and what stage of cancer they have. In the novel The Longest Ride Ira Levinson, a ninety-one-year-old man had been battling lung cancer for the past few months. Sadly his cancer did not get found early enough, so his last few years turned into only a few more weeks.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortalities in the world. An astounding average of 1.6 million deaths occur due to lung cancer yearly (1). Lung cancer is classified into two types: small cell and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), where 85% of lung cancer cases are NSCLC. NSCLC has several different histologic subtypes, some of which are: squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma. Of the three, adenocarcinoma accounts for more than 50% of NSCLCs, making it the most common subtype (2).

Symptoms vary depending on the type. Although it is possible for cancer to strike at any age, most patients with invasive cancer are over 65. The increased risk is believed to be due to the random chance of developing any cancer, the likelihood of surviving the first cancer, the same risk factors that produced the first cancer, unwanted side effects of treating the first cancer (particularly radiation therapy), and to better compliance with screening.

Lungs are a major part of the respiratory system. They are responsible for filtering carbon dioxide out of the air we inhale and sending oxygen into the bloodstream to aid in breathing. When that system is tampered with, things can go wrong. Different treatment methods have different levels of success and each target certain areas of the cancer in attempt to destroy the disease. This report investigates the effects of cancer on the lungs and will look at whether or not physical activity positively affects the growth/diminishment of the cancerous cells.

Our respiratory system is very critical part of our body. It consists of the airways which are comprised of the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx and trachea, the lungs and the muscles that allow us to breathe. This system supplies oxygen rich blood to our body and removes carbon dioxide. The main organs that carry out this gas exchange are the lungs.

|Specific Purpose: |To inform readers on the causes, effects and treatments of lung cancer. |

Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women with an estimated 222,500 new cases expected to be diagnosed in 2017, and an estimated 155,870 deaths, more than any other cancer site (1). A minority of lung cancers (only 16%) are diagnosed at a localized stage which is the only window of disease that is potentially curable with surgery (2). Nonetheless, 5-year survival ranges between 30-50% for lung cancers diagnosed at stage I or II, thus despite early detection and curative resection, a significant proportion of patients will die from recurrent disease within 5 years (1, 2).

Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancers in the world. There are three main types of lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, and lung carcinoid tumor. Just like any other cancer, lung cancer is dangerous, and a life threatening problem. Many studies and researches have been presented to find a cure, but an exact cure has yet to be found. There are however multiple causes, ways to diagnose, and treatments for lung cancer.

Cancer is a very serious disease that can sometimes be fatal. It can lead to tumours and many other uncomfortable developments on and in your body. According to Mayo Clinic, cancer comes from gene mutations that usually occur after you are born. These gene mutations can come from smoking, radiation, viruses, obesity, and so on. The general treatments of cancer vary depending on which you have. Some of the general treatments are surgery and various types of radiation therapy. At the moment, the number of cancer cases are rapidly increasing with little hope of any definite cures for them.

Introduction: Lung cancers are well known to display inter and intra-tumoral heterogeneity with profound implications for exact histological classification by pathologists1–3. The New International (IASLC/ATS/ERS )4,5 and the 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) classification6 has defined the non-invasive (adenocarcinoma in situ), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma and invasive lepidic adenocarcinoma ; has replaced the 'mixed subtype category ' in the WHO 2004 classification7 with the predominant subtype ; included the micropapillary subtype8,9 and replaced the term “mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma(BAC)” with invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to do a comprehensive histological subtyping and detailed study of