A Study On Micro Cracks Of Concrete Plastic State

As the exploration of the industrial development and increased speed of the urban sprawl in Beijing, many severe environmental issues attribute mainly to the anthropocentric activities have been come out of the scene. One of them is the air pollution. Air pollution has been regarded as the most severe environment issue in China since it has already threatened to physical health, especially for the respiratory tract and lung. “In January 2013, Beijing experienced historical heavy air pollution. In this particular month, very few days were observed with blue sky.” (Lijian Han et.al., 2015) According to the analysis of the driving factors, “the population grew fast, and energy consumption and the number of vehicles increased rapidly” (Ju Zhang et.al., 2010), these factors add together can make the air quality worse than any one of them separately can. Firstly, it has been an undoubted truth that more and more people originally lived in rural has been moved to core urban of Beijing since there are more opportunities in there. Therefore, the huge explosion of urban population with more energy release and more CO2 exhalation is seen as an inevitably primary factor causing the bad air quality. What’s more, as the population

Air pollution is the dispersion of particulates, biological molecules, or other harmful materials into the atmosphere, causing diseases, allergies and death to humans, damage to other living organisms such as animals and food crops or the natural or built environments (Brunekreef & Holgate, 2002; Nowak, Crane, & Stevens, 2006). Polluted air directly or indirectly may cause or be attributed to an increase in fatality or serious unwellness and decline humans state of health (Kampa & Castanas, 2008). For example, in Canada, the Ontario Medical Association has attributed 9500 premature deaths per year and evaluates increased costs of health care ($506.64 M) and missed productivity ($374.18) as a result of air pollution (Rowe, 2011). Thus, employment

Introduction: Air pollution in modern society is becoming more and more of a pressing issue. I became intrigued when I learned about the level of air quality in places such as Beijing, New York City, and London. I was curious about the air quality in a smaller large scale city such as Savannah, GA. Savannah is a large city but has a smaller population than Atlanta. I also thought about how the air quality could improve after it rains.

The consequences of air pollution have been detrimental for the economy, and the continued degradation of air quality will further increase the negative impact of health. In today’s society, no one is aware of the cost of air pollution, however expert’s analysis concluded that the cost for air pollution may be far worse than previously estimated. “Since the early 2000s, emissions from sources

Most times, when Californians drive through the freeways around Downtown Los Angeles, instead of seeing the clear blue sky, dark gray masses of CO2 emissions fill the air. From the time of the Industrial Revolution till now, the levels of pollution in the world, including California has been dramatically rising. Air pollution results in alarming consequences to both the environment and the people. Professors Bradley Bereitschaft and Keith Debbage explored relationships of air pollution and its effects in U.S Metropolitan areas. Their studies have shown that emissions of air pollutants, such as CO2, affect human health and are responsible for over one million premature deaths. They also talk about greenhouse gasses, such as CO2 that are a major

In conclusion, I have found recently my given choice of what I would choose, as a future choice of study mainly as autonomy. This choice would be related to engineering, due to recent projects and opportunities I was given. Due to this it gave myself a spark of interest I would use to study and experiment in ways to change how we live so profusely in

Some of these studies, analysed the association between traffic pollution and the rate of asthma hospitalisation, concluding that traffic-related pollution was one factor that affects asthma (Pereira et al., 2010; Puig-barbera & Bellido-blasco, 2009; Sahsuvaroglu et al., 2009). However, the study of M??lter et al., (2015) suggests a negative association between traffic-related pollution and asthma is

Air pollution is one the effect of the environment problem that human is faced now a day. An air pollutant is the mixture of solid or fine particle and gases that are suspended in the air usually caused by human activities, and their inhaling is harmful to human body [1]. Recently in December 2015, the air quality in the city of Beijing in China was unhealthy that forced schools to close, outdoor constructions to halt and to reduce car traffics [2]. In New York City is not also immune to this scourge. According to New York Environmental Protection, air pollution in New York City is significantly environmental threat despite many improvements [3]. This research project investigates the indoor air quality at Hostos Community College. The objective

The objectives of the project: which will include that how the railroad junction shall be ale to determine the security in the region. The junction is much risky and tends to affect the traffic flow of vehicles and railways. The appropriate information regarding the objective of mitigating the risk should be elaborated.

The amount of factories and industries has grown immensely through the previous years which has resulted in an expansion in the consumption of petroleum products. Innovation has begun to increase and has promoted the expansion of the production of cars. As stated by the Air Quality Research Center, “Air pollution is one of the most dangerous environmental problems, causing many adverse health effects and responsible for 50,000 deaths in the U.S. each year” (Air Pollution and Health – Air Quality Research Center.). The smog and

“Air pollution is defined as any substances absorb into atmosphere, and these substances harm the living things and environment” (Dictionary). As dictionary mentioned, during development of the Beijing for 10 years, air has been contaminated by emission of gases and smog from industrial factories whose number has been increasing. A number of particles and dusts damage to people’s health and their life style. People are always concerning about daily concentration of particles. Even though they struggle with defend their health against air pollution, polluted particles would give residences in Beijing fatal effect for people’s health. In Real-time Air Quality Index (AQI), we can compare Beijing to another countries using numerical data. This city is one of the most polluted city in the world. According to the article, “China 's massive pollution problem”, The Week, Wagstaff states that the air in Beijing is too dense with particles to watch the forest fire”(Wagstaff).

As we see, the building of roads, bridges, pipelines, tunnels, canals, railroads, ports, and harbours has shaped the profession. Civil engineering is involved in developing, building, and operating transit facilities, including street railways, elevated and under-ground systems etc. The role of civil engineering is to providing transportation infrastructure to accommodate a growing population and economy of city. If we look back towards history, transcontinental railroads, national highways, canals, petroleum and natural gas pipelines, as well as major urban transit systems, are testimonials to the achievement of civil

The enormous increase in the price of heating oil imposed last winter [6] has led many households to other heating modes. One of these was the burning of firewood, but also of other fuels. The last two years we have seen that in the large urban centers of Greece and in the villages the turning to firewood burning in the fireplaces and stoves has caused a severe increase in air pollutants [7]. This is another reason why an appropriate instrument is necessary for predicting air pollution. However, in most air pollution records the phenomenon of incomplete data is observed which is a great impediment to the successful performance of forecasting

Air pollution levels have a large existence in big cities in Indonesia like Jakarta, Bandung, and so on. This problem happens because the number of motor vehicle use that is not limited [1]. Exhaust smog are the cause of air pollution which has the dangerous effects for people’s health. Exhaust smog is a result of burning fuel oil every motor vehicle. There are two types of burning fuel oil: the first is complete burning [2] and incomplete burning [3]. These types of burning have the differentiation in producing the remainder. Complete burning produces carbon dioxide as a result of remaining while incomplete burning produces carbon monoxide as a result of the rest. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are gases that are harmful to people’s health and could decrease ozone layer [4] [5]. Exhaust smog is hazardous to people’s health. Exhaust smog is a result of burning fuel oil [6]. Consequently, exhaust smog has possibility to contain carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gas. These harmful gases affect human respiration. Carbon monoxide makes the respiratory system becomes worse. Carbon monoxide will interfere with the process of hemoglobin in breathing [7]. As a result, people will not only feel lack of oxygen but also often feel dizzy and weak. In the other hand, carbon dioxide causes dizziness and fatigue to the sufferer [8]. In the prevention and reduction of the impact of exhaust smog, the Indonesian government decided all motor vehicle users have to check

Automobiles contribution is reported to account for 40 to 80% of the total air pollution in megacities. The challenge Megacities face is how to reduce the adverse environmental impacts and other negative effects of transportation without giving up the benefits of mobility. This becomes more pressing under conditions of rapid urban growth, which is likely to increase travel demand significantly. (S. K. Goyal,