A Study On The Mammalian Diving Reflex

All tests were conducted in the same posture; leaning over the lab table with elbows resting on the table and the head down. Students worked in groups of three to four, and each one took turn being the experimental subject, taking the pulse and handling the stopwatch. To measure the radial pulse manually, the subject’s palm was facing upward. The index and middle fingers were used to locate the pulse between the radial bone, which is on the same side as the thumb, and with a slight pressure, the pulse could be found.

Para 3: pulse and respirations Ensuring that the patient was relaxed and comfortable I began to take her pulse, using my three middle finger tips to locate the pulse. I did so for 15 second and timed by fore for the next 15 seconds I measured her respiration rate and timed by 4. I did not explain to my patient that I was taking her respirations as looking at her chest may have made her feel uncomfortable and increase her respirations. Her pulse rate ending up being 85 beats per minute and respirations were 15 breaths per minute. These results were within normal range, as her pulse rate was between 80 and 120 bpm and respirations were between 12 and 20 (Tollefson, 2010). The change in pulse and respiration rate can increase during excercise. If a pulse is recorded below 50 bpm the patient can be at risk of a heart attach. A fast pulse exceeding 100 bpm can be a sign of infection or dehydration. This can be detected quickly and appropriate action taken to prevent negative affects on the patient’s well being.

Physiological Adaptations of the Plesiosaur for ‘Holding its Breath' By Nathan Eaton One hundred and fifty million years ago, large aquatic species of reptile such as the Plesiosaur dominated the ocean, and were pre-eminent predators of the sea. The branch of now extinct Plesiosaurs, or ‘near lizards', evolved into variant closely related species specialised to take different niches in the food chain. Such species of Plesiosaur include the phenotypically similar Plesiosauroid and Pliosauroid. The physiological adaptations of the long necked variant, the Plesiosauroid, as it relates to deep sea diving, will be addressed in depth.

Abstract The presence of a dive response in humans when the face is submerged in water was studied. A lot of mammals have shown to exhibit a dive response known as the mammalian dive reflex. During this reflex bradycardia, a slowing of the heart rate, is shown. In this study, human subjects were put through various tests to determine if humans also exhibit bradycardia. Subject's heart rates were measured while breathing normally, while holding breath and while holding breath with face submerged in water. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in heart rate while submerged in water as compared to normal breathing or holding breath out of water. Many other studies have been done that agree with the results found in

The Effect of Heart Rate on Exercise By: Danielle Dufault Biology 122 October 10, 2016 Lab Partners:

If you woke up breathing, congratulations! You have another chance. ~Andrea Boydston I began swimming at the age of 4 and I was fortunate to earn a college swimming scholarship at Purdue University. At Purdue, I was a good swimmer and really worked hard each and every day. However, my at

Signals are administered to the heart muscle in patterns to see if they will stimulate ventricular tachycardia (VT). The test is performed in a safe and controlled electrophysiology laboratory at a hospital or clinic and the patient is in no danger. In an EP study, local anesthetics are used to numb areas in the groin or near the neck, and small catheters are passed into the heart to record its electrical signals. During the study, the physician studies the speed and flow of electrical signals through the heart, identifies rhythm problems and pinpoints areas in the heart's muscle that give rise to abnormal electrical signals(National heart, lung and blood institute,

waters, despite being able to dive for up to half an hour in the water (Rogers, 2005). Only

Most human can only hold their breath for less than a minute. This lab will look at a simulated dive influences heart rate and explore what stimulus cue a dive reflex in humans. To see how the heart rate is effected in a dive, this lab we will hold our breath and submerge our face in water. Since we know that the Pinnipeds induce bradycardia when they dive, we would expect to see that part of the human dive reflex since it is part of conserving oxygen in the body, when the right stimuli is applied. From this we thought that holding breath would trigger the diver response, even if there is no

From nomadic hunters to competition athletes, some humans have similar abilities to marine animals. What characteristics distinguish them?

. SAQ1. How did hyperventilation change the subject’s ability to hold their breath? Identify what control mechanisms are responsible.

For our study we plan on testing the device’s feasibility for measuring ICP non-invasively. Seven healthy male volunteers have been recruited to have their ICP measured with the CCFP. The theory is that under exertion (weight lifting) ICP levels tend to increase due to an increase of intrathoracic pressure when lifting weights (6, 7). Exercise also activates the sympathetic nervous system(6, 7), which would cause constriction of the vessels leading to an increased ICP. The increase of ICP is transient and decreases within 30 seconds of rest(7). This study hopes that an increase of ICP will be detected by the CCFP during the weight lifting exercises.

I recorded and documented my heart rate before the test, at the end of the test, and during recovery. Recovery was done four to five minutes after the end of the test. Heart rate response is the maximum heart rate divided by the average maximum heart rate you should have based on your age. My studies showed that my heart rate was significantly high compared to that of a healthy person. My heartbeat ranged from 70-80 beats per minute, however, a healthier person has a normal resting heart rate that of closer to 40 beats per minute. There was a lower heart rate at rest. These charts are averages from studies conducted throughout a period of a week. My blood pressure compared to average normal person was way

Methods: The effects of exercise on blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate and electrical activity of the heart were assessed. The measurements of respiration rate, pulse rate and blood pressures were noted as described in Harris-Haller (2016). Data was first taken from subjects in a relaxed position and then followed by sets of reading after exercising based on one minute intervals. The data also noted sitting ECG traces from Harris-Haller (2016). The respiratory rate, pulse, blood pressure, P wave, QRS complex and T wave were defined for each subject. The class average was calculated for males and females and graphed to illustrate the results by gender for each cardiopulmonary factor.

The heart rate is a measurement of how many times the heart beats in a minute. Physically fit people tend to have a lower heart rate and during intense exercise tend to have lower rates as well. A decrease of heart rate at both rest and at fixed intensity of sub-maximal exercise [7] occurs a few months after an exercise program is begun. One’s heart rate reflects the amount of work the heart must do to meet an increase of demands of the body when engaged in activity. Heart Rate tends to increase proportionally with intensity oxygen uptake [16].