A Study On Type 2 Diabetes

Bckground While modern lifestyles and medical care have certainly improved the longevity of humans in the developed world, and contributed to a greater quality of life scenario, those same lifestyles have engendered a number of issues that contribute to disease. Lack of proper diet, fast food, high fat and carbohydrate diets without adequate fruits and vegetables, lack of exercise, smoking and alcohol contribute to an epidemic of obesity which, in turn, contributes to a serious metabolic disorder called Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. While not managed by insulin injections, it is nevertheless quite serious and has a number of progressing symptoms that, if not treated properly, can result in cardiovascular, renal and neurological problems, as well as amputation, ocular issues, and even cognitive dysfunction.

Nowadays, there are approximately 387 million people who have type1 and type2 diabetes in this world. Especially in the United States, 28 percent of Americans have either type1 or type2 diabetes, and they are undiagnosed.

Diabetes Mellitus type 1 or type 2 can have short term and long-term complications, symptoms can appear between days to weeks. Throughout, you will gain more information about diabetes, what organs it can affect, symptoms, complications a diabetes patient with type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes may come across. There are tests such as glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test, fasting blood sugar test, and oral glucose tolerance test (Mayo Clinic, n.d) that show what type of diabetes you have. There are treatments, such as insulin injections or an insulin pump that can be used to treat diabetes (WebMD, n.d).There are new research studies that can possibly cure diabetes but, are very complex, they are still being developed and trying to find

This essay will focus on type 2 diabetes, which is becoming one of the fast growing chronic health conditions in the United Kingdom (UK). Approximately 700 people are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes each day in the UK (Diabetes Uk, (2014)a). It is costing the NHS about £10billion pounds each year to treat diabetes along with its complication and it is expected to rise in the next couple of years (Diabetes UK, (2014)b).

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29 million people in the United States (9.3 percent) have diabetes, and of those 29 million approximately 7.25 million are unaware that they are diabetic (www.cdc.gov). Diabetes describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood glucose because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body 's cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. Diabetes can be divided into two groups: Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is also referred to as juvenile diabetes and is usually found in children and young adults. Only 5% of people with diabetes have this form of the disease. Type 1 diabetes restricts the body from producing insulin, a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches and other food into energy needed for daily life. Type 1 diabetes can be managed by using insulin therapy and other treatments to help those infected maintain insulin to convert sugars, starches and foods into energy(www.diabetes.org). Type 2 diabetes is the most common, people with Type 2 diabetes have insulin resistance meaning the body does not use insulin properly. At first, the pancreas makes a surplus insulin to compensate for the lack on insulin in your body. However, over time your pancreas is not able to keep up and can not make enough insulin to keep your blood glucose at normal levels(www.diabetes.org). Complications of diabetes in the long term include potential heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage.

When you think of diseases, you think of tragic illnesses you can not help. Type 2 diabetes, however, has different circumstances; you inflict this disease upon yourself through lack of proper diet and the results are shocking. You might want to think twice about the health effects that pack of doughnuts has to offer than just all the calories. The effects of being unhealthy go deeper down than just how you look.

Type 2 Diabetes is a growing worldwide epidemic; there are approximately 366 million people worldwide who have diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes (American Diabetes Association, 2013). Experts estimate that by 2030, 552 million people worldwide will be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity, 2013).

population, has diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is now being recognized as a worldwide epidemic. The disease affects 9.3% of all Americans and 12.3% of those aged 20 years or older. Outstandingly, an estimated 8.1 million Americans with diabetes are undiagnosed. Worldwide, more than 220 million people have diabetes (WHO, 2011). Undiagnosed type 2 diabetes is thought to be common around the world; it is estimated that half of the cases remain undiagnosed (Burant & Young, 2012).

The purpose of the paper was looking at the quality of life of diabetic patients. Type two diabetics that have a support system compared to those that don’t have a support system have an improved quality of life after being diagnosed. The level of evidence of this study was a cross sectional study. Researching the article was done by going to the Clarkson College website, then going to the student life tab and choosing library. Clicking on the “C” on the article database and clicking on the CINAHL Complete link. Typed in diabetes mellitus in the first box, then where it has the first and changed selection to not, then in the second box typed out systematic review. Then scrolled down to where

They classified it as madhumeha or honey urine, noting that the urine would attract ants. In 400-500 CE they associated Type 1 with youth and Type 2 with obesity. It wasn’t until 1921 that insulin was discovered. They first tested insulin on a de-pancreatized dog and it was successful. The first human patient to use insulin was in 1922.

There are many costs associated with type 2 diabetes, and this patient has two paths he could take to treat his condition. The unhealthy route would be to continue eating unhealthy and remain inactive. This route could worsen his diabetes, require the use of insulin, and cause other health-related conditions to arise including diabetic neuropathy. The diabetes-associated costs include insulin, additional doctor visits, possible hospitalizations, and an inability to work depending on the severity of his condition. “People with diagnosed diabetes incur average medical expenditures of about $13,700 per year, of which about $7,900 is attributed to diabetes. People with diagnosed diabetes have medical expenditures approximately 2.3 times higher

It is currently estimated that there are around “26 million people in the United States and 366 million people worldwide” that have the affliction know as type 2 diabetes. 1

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is becoming rapidly more prevalent worldwide, owing largely to the growing obesity pandemic. According to the international diabetes federation, 1 in every 10 people will suffer from T2DM globally by 2035. (1)

Type-2 Diabetes is a serious issue for our community. Type-2 diabetes is a disease that is becoming increasingly prevalent and affects growing numbers of people. In New Zealand there are 240,000 people with diabetes and it is thought that there may be as many as 100,000 individuals with undiagnosed diabetes. It puts an estimated one on five New Zealanders at risk and is the sixth leading cause of death for New Zealanders. It is especially common among Maori and Pacific island communities as well as South Asian people. For reasons that will be further discussed regarding the Thrifty Gene Theory. As the frequency of diabetic diagnoses increases there is a greater and greater health risk to the community as Diabetes can lead to more complicated issues like heart disease, stroke, kidney and neurological damage as well as diseases around eyes, skin and other issues. In 1996 almost 1,500 deaths were attributed to Type 2 Diabetes. At current Type 2 Diabetes kills around 2,500 New Zealanders annually.