A strong argument among scientists exists that anthropogenic climate change is the greatest contemporary global threat to sustainable development in the 21st Century, and that, the risks associated with climate change will become more severe affecting all aspects of human livelihoods (IPPCC 2014, FAO 2013, Shiferaw et al 2014, UN 2015. The ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992 and signing of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 signified the importance of
PROPOSAL ADAPTATION OF WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN TO CLIMATE CHANGE ASHIQ MOHAMED RASHEED Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of IF49 Doctor of Philosophy 23rd June 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of content ii List of figures iii List of tables iv 1. PROPOSED TITLE 1 2. PROPOSED SUPERVISORS AND THEIR CREDENTIALS 1 3. BACKGROUND AND LITERATURE REVIEW 1 3.1 Introduction 1 3.2 Literature review 3 3.2.1 Climate change 3 3.2.1.1 Global climate change 3 3.2.1
1. Introduction Climate change the ‘wicked problem’ is continuously imposing significant threat to the nature as whole according to the recent projections (IPCC 2013; Bondeau et al. 2013). This anticipated hazard is unavoidable to some extent though the source of the problem (‘green house gas’ emission) is barred right now (IPCC 2014a). Combination of mitigation (reducing or capturing GHG) and adaptation effort has been suggested both in the short and long term to achieve the complementary advantage
Introduction Climate change is one the biggest threats to nature and mankind in the 21st century. The impacts of climate change are visible everywhere, whether it's melting glaciers, rising sea level, severe storms, heavy flooding, reduced snowfall in the north and a severe drought in the south. It will also have a number of effects on the flora and fauna in the future. Scientists predict that global warming in the near future may cause a mass extinction of wildlife, affecting more than 1 million
As climate change continues to insist on the impending destabilization of the global economy, climate change is observed from a multitude of angles that identify threats to sustainable development. The corollaries generated by climate change are regularly interlinked, insinuating exponential exacerbation for the issues at hand. Nonetheless, prompt action can yield positive results in the overlapping constituencies. As one of the most pressing issues of our time, it is of paramount necessity
a system to absorb change of state variable, driving variables, and parameters, and still persist”(Holling, 1973), while Adger, defines resilience as “the ability of groups or communities to cope with external stresses and disturbances as a result of social, political and environmental change”(Adger, 2000). Understandably, thinker like Adger and Holling as Climate Change thinkers within the academic space have a different opinion to what constitutes the impact of climate change and best possible approaches
despite electricity reform that commenced in 1993 (triggered by rising demand and reduced output from Ghana 's hydro-dominated system) the basic structure of Ghana 's power sector remains the same (Williams & Ghanadan, 2006, p. 828). This plan of study provides an alternative viewpoint to Ghana’s power crisis. Instead it focuses on the importance of diversifying Ghana’s energy portfolio, shifting it away from the traditional
events due to climate changes (Folland et al. 2001), and there is concern that these changes will have an enormous impact on various industries (Hitz and Smith 2004). Balancing environmental measures with economic development, that is, working toward sustainable development, is the fundamental goal of global environmental policies, including those for global warming (Hijioka, Masui, Takahashi, Matsuoka,
and Kanaka Maoli and Island Values – outlined in Act 181, Ms. Thiel intends to focus her efforts on “areas of clean energy transformation, local food production, natural resource management, waste reduction, green jobs creation, education, climate change adaptation, smart growth, cultural vitality and community health.” The State Sustainability Coordinator position puts Ms. Thiel in a unique position. Although hosted in the Chairperson’s Office at the Department of Land and Natural Resources, there
Emergency Management According to the IPCC (2007), climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. It refers to any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity. Studies suggest that the global climate has been warming and will probably continue to do