A Study of Mix Design of Concrete Hollow Blocks Using Crushed Powder Like Glass as Supplementary Aggregates

First, concrete durable. Concrete is something that will outlive other products up to three times over (“What Makes…”). In addition to durability, concrete is efficient. Concrete can be made with byproducts from power plants, and other aspects of manufacturing. Concrete is primarily made up limestone, the most abundant material on Earth. Above all of this concrete can be recycled. Concrete can be crushed and recycled into another structure or product, reducing the need to mine the limestone for production. Concrete also allows water to pass through which reduces the chance of flash flooding, erosion, and water table depletion as compared to other materials. This is a major check in the sustainability of concrete; the conservation of soil, landscape and ecosystems. Concrete is a very green option when it comes to building

What is concrete. According to Concrete Network (1999) “Concrete is made up of three basic components: water, aggregate (rock, sand, or gravel) and cement. Cement, usually in powder form, acts as a binding agent when mixed with water and aggregates. This combination, or concrete mix, will be poured and harden into the durable material with which we are all familiar”. The Roman's did it a little

Concrete has been used to build roads in America; although this is an expensive alternative to asphalt, it holds more advantages than normal asphalt. Concrete is more durable than normal asphalt and is capable of giving drivers better gas mileage. Concrete roads have also been proven to be more skid-resistant with the addition to grooves to the concrete. It can also help drivers save more gas money since it’s been proven to be fuel efficient. With the advances of modern science, scientists and concrete manufacturers have created some ways of creating concrete in a cheaper way so it can be used more often in creating

This is the most recent type of concrete formwork. It’s an emerging tech for RCC construction as well as architectural design work. This materials’ flexibility creates the ability to make concrete of any shape.

In order to discuss concrete; one must first mention cement. Cement is a water-based binder used to bind other building materials together. It is used in the production of mortar and concrete during the construction process. Concrete is a material used in construction, made by mixing aggregate, cement, small stones and water. Cement is important because it hold structures together. Many sources states concrete was invented 1756 by a British Engineer named John Smeaton. He did so by mixing pebbles as a coarse aggregate into a powdered brick into the cement. Years layer in 1824, a English inventor named Mr Joseph Aspdin created the first true artificial cement by burning ground limestone and clay together. He is also noted for creating today’s popular concrete; Portland cement. Many buildings use concrete because of its strong element. It solidifies then hardens after mixing with water and placement due to the chemical process known as hydration. Water reacts with the cement, which bonds the other components together, eventually creating a stone-like material. Concrete is used to make pavements, pipe, various structures, foundations, roads, bridges, brick walls and so on. It is either produced site-cast or pre-cast. Site-cast Concrete is standard concrete that is poured into site-specific forms and cured on site; the concrete is created on the actually construction site. Precast concrete is a construction

Aggregate is one of the basic constituents of concrete. Its quality is of considerable importance because about three-quarter of the volume of concrete is occupied by aggregates. One of the physical properties of aggregate that influence the property of concrete is the grading of aggregate. The grading of aggregate defines the proportions of particles of different size in the aggregate. The grading of fine (size < 5 mm) and coarse (size > 5 mm) aggregates are generally required to be within the limits specified in BS 882: 1992.

Lightweight and normal weight concretes have similar tensile strengths, though lightweight exhibits greater variability. The tensile strength of normal weight concrete of equal compressive strength may vary within a wide range depending, among other parameters, on the shape and surface texture of the aggregate. Experimental tests indicate that the tensile strength of concrete is highly variable and ranges from a bout 8-12% of its compressive strength. The actual value depends on the type of the test and crack propagation pattern at failure. (Ghoneim and El-Mihlmy, 2008)

Concrete is a important product that is used in the construction of building and infrastructures. A concrete has to have strength, durability and quality to make a strong and stable infrastructure. This study will tell us does ACC concrete mix is a very good product in the market. Does it pose a strong contender to its competitors in the current market and does the brand image of ACC ltd. plays any role in purchasing of its products.

Portland cement concrete has been used in the field of construction since the early Roman empire, but until the early twentieth century transporting concrete to great heights or distances was a big challenge. With the invention of the concrete pump handling concrete using wheelbarrows or buckets became obsolete because they require less man-power and can reach those hard-to-get places with ease. There are three types of concrete pumps being used in construction today: truck mounted, trailer mounted or specialized. Each style of concrete pump has it’s advantages and can be tailor made for different construction applications. There is one drawback in using concrete pumps, standard concrete designs can not be used since it is too viscous and would require much larger pumps to reach the required heights. Therefore, admixtures must be added to the concrete design to change the chemical composition of the concrete to make it more flowable. Admixtures are also used to help slow down or speed up setting time, or reduce the amount of water required in the mix depending on the construction site requirements. With such a vast range of applications that concrete pumps can be used for, concrete construction has seen a great increase in production, efficiency, cost-reduction and even safety.

In preparation for the laboratory concrete specimens should be prepared in line with the Civil Engineering technicians’ standard mix. 4 concrete cube samples with no plasticiser should be produced and another 4 Specimens should also be produced in line with this standard mix but with the addition of plasticiser as well. The 8 specimens should then be left to cure in water for specified time periods: 0, 7, 14, 28 days.

H. Okamura and M. Ouchi, “Applications of Self-Compacting Concrete in Japan,” Proceedings of the 3rd International RILEM Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete, O. Wallevik and I. Nielsson, Ed., RILEM Publications, 2003.

Nipun Verma et.al 2014, presented the Self-compacting concrete is gaining attention worldwide owing to its ability to compact without the need for either internal or external vibration even in areas of highly congested reinforcement such as beam-column joints. Since last two decades, several researches have been conducted on Self-compacting concrete and now application of SCC has gained momentum. In the present study, bond stress corresponding to the maximum pull-out load that can be regarded as the bond strength or ultimate bond strength was conducted. The slow development of compressive strength and bond strength in SCC at early age is generally due to

Influence of Mixture Composition on Washout Resistance, Fresh Properties and Relative Strength of Self Compacting Underwater Concrete

Nowadays, we talk much about high performance concrete. It has higher strength, better durability and elasticity. Although high strength concrete is often considered as relatively new material, its development has been gradually taking place over many years.

The properties of concrete are affected by the manner in which the pores of various sizes are distributed within it. The porosity of concrete along with pore size distribution determine the performance of such materials in construction applications. The performance includes the mechanical properties such as strength and durability properties including the ingress of chloride and sulphate ions. The total porosity in the system has a noticeable effect on the mechanical properties of construction materials , whereas the pore size distribution will mainly affect the durability properties. Concrete with the same total pore volume can exhibit entirely different properties, depending on pore size that is if it has a small number of large pores or large number of small pores. Concrete is a porous material and contains pore structures which are complex and inhomogeneous. The fine and