A Study of Water Quality Near to a Coral Reef Site in the Region of Dubai, United Arab Emirates

When it comes to Pensacola Bay there are many environmental factors to consider when wanting to know how well the area is doing in relation to quality of the land, air and water. In this report, the examination will be upon the water quality of Pensacola Bay. The water quality of Pensacola Bay is very complex and in order for ecosystems and organisms to survive in a small contained space the chemistry has to be just right. This report will examine the quality of the water in the past decade through research and information provided by agencies on the local, state and federal level on the water quality of Pensacola Bay.

Several species and organisms rely on water to survive. Some organisms use it as a source to drink and others uses water as their living environment. This experiment is to calculate many aspects of the water that surrounds Corpus Christi. Water is the key to life on Earth and thus why water is so important. According to the Lab Report water quality is the quality of water and if it is considered acceptable drinking water. Water quality consist of its chemical, physical and biological characteristics. These properties can be studied through pH testing, nitrogen testing, Phosphorous testing and many other useful ways. Water quality is important because it allows scientist to identify if the water is in a good condition to drink or sustain life overall and it dramatically effects how healthy it is. The objective of this lab was to experiment if the water quality around the Corpus Christi is a reliable source of water for organisms and to reach an understanding of the water quality of the water surrounding Corpus Christi.

The COral Reef Airborne Laboratory, or CORAL, is a water mission in the biosphere that will attempt to measure the condition of certain coral reefs and create empirical models that show the relationship between the condition of these reefs and other factors using both field and air observations. The biogeophysical factors being observed include biodiversity, sea surface temperature, photosynthetically available radiation, aragonite saturation state, significant wave height, and the threat levels of coastal development, marine pollution, overfishing, watershed pollution, and integrated local threat (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, n.d.). CORAL will help marine biologists monitor the condition of coral reefs and predict the future of those reefs with both field and air observation.

Tropical coral reefs are predicated to be increasingly under threat of the rising acidity and warmth of our oceans, due to climate change (Bellard et., 2012).

Coral reefs provide important habitats that numerous marine animals rely on for survival. These habitats are constantly under pressure and threatened indirectly or directly by human activities. So many of the world’s corals have been killed or severely damaged by numerous factors such as increased CO2 emissions, global climate change, agricultural runoff, overfishing, and improper tourist activities. However, if we change our habits now, we can prevent further coral loss and protect what we have

The destruction of coral colonies due to changes in ocean acidification is taking both an ecological and socio-economic toll. Bleached corals are exponentially more likely to face a reduction in growth rates and reproductive capacity, as well as a higher susceptibility to disease and increased mortality rates. Changes in the composition of coral communities occur due to the death of

The second planned resolution to succeed the Great Barrier Reef and stop pollution is to stop and invert the weakening in water quality. The failure of marine water quality related with earthly overflow from the head-to-head catchments is a main cause of the present poor state of many of the key marine ecosystems of the Great Barrier Reef. Poor water quality caused by

Corals are greatly complex organisms that help buffer the ocean and provided an ecosystem for many other marine organisms but the coral and therefore these ecosystems are in immense threat. The decrease of coral cover is increasing with a 50% decrease seen from the years 1985-2012 (1). This is not just due to the natural threats of predators like COTS and large scale weather events like cyclones but also due to human activities such as overfishing, pollution, disturbance in the reef and global warming. The bleaching of coral due to natural activities can be hard to control but the negative effects caused by human activities can be. Although if the reefs have any hope of recovery drastic actions needs to be taken to reduce carbon emissions, and to control policing and protection of these areas.

According to http://wwf.panda.org/ Pollutants like oil, nitrogen, detergents, and phosphate can have a significant impact on an ecosystem. It can create chaos on an ecological balance by encouraging plant growth and killing fish. Fish would die because of the lack of oxygen due to the oxygen cycle stopping. 1 million water aquatic species are put at risk because of water pollution. This makes it hard for amphibians to reproduce because water pollution is killing off species before they can. Water pollution also affects coral reef reproduction. When pollutants enter the water they smother reefs. This can damage the algae in the reef and affect the speed and growth of the reef. When the algae is lost the coral starts to die. Once the coral starts

Ocean Acidification is an incredibly important topic that has not been addressed toughly by mainstream media. It is causing ocean warming, mass extinction of fish species, coral bleaching, phylogenic changes in ocean populations, and many more negative consequences. I did my senior project on coral bleaching due to ocean acidification and there has been little new information on the subject, in the public sector, since then. According to a study done in 2016 a strong link between seawater pH and coral calcification is supported by data “the pH of the coral calcifying fluid (CCF) is elevated relative to the surrounding seawater pH, and that acidification of the surrounding seawater causes a reduction in pH of the CCF” (Edmunds et al., 2016). The Great Barrier Reef has been in crisis for at least a couple decades because of severe coral bleaching and calcification. In the last couple years, large sections of the reef have died because of changing environmental conditions. The situation is similar in many of the coral reefs around the planet. Ocean Acidification will continue to have monumental lasting negative effects on the environment unless drastic changes are made to the way humanity is using our natural resources.

Coastal water pollution is defined as the introduction of contaminants into coastal waters that causes adverse change. The kinds of adversity to human health includes dermatologic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and otic infections. Coastal water pollution is most common in urban environments due to the high density of the population in those areas. For example, on the island of Oahu, the coastal waters in North Shore are cleaner than the waters in Waikiki due to the low population density. The primary goal is to learn about coastal water pollution and its relationship to human health to raise awareness about polluted waters and to prevent the adverse interaction between the two.

In this study by Anthony et al., they observed OA and OW on three different performance variables of three coral reef builders; bleaching, net productivity, and calcification. I am researching how increased OA and OW affects the life of corals, so the data from this experiment is important for understanding a possible species for conservation. The three species of coral examined for the study were, CCA, Acropora, and Porites. The three variables were tested at

Water pollution has become an issue of great concern in our society. Many of today’s water ecosystems and drinking water are being polluted and destroyed as we speak. There are many types of water ecosystems such as oceans, rivers, lakes, and ponds witch provide homes to many different organisms. There are overwhelming factors that contribute to the problems of water pollution such as sewage, radioactive wastes, improper disposal of trash on land, and careless beachgoers. These are all significant problems that people do not realize until all of the damage is done. There are very few methods of controlling this pollution and more need to be developed in order to try and control these problems immediately.

The spatial distribution of temperature, pH , salinity , Dissolved Oxygen (D.O) , Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), micronutrients (phosphate , nitrate and silicate ) and chlorophyll pigments were pronounced as shown in fig : 3 .The surface water temperature were homogenous within the studied area ,varying within the range 25-32° C . Generally, the temperature is influenced by the freshwater influx intensity of solar radiation, and cooling and mix up with ebb , evaporation and flow from adjoining neritic waters (Prabu et al. 2008). The estuarine water was slightly alkaline in nature throughout the study period in all the respective stations with pH value ranging from 7.7 to 8.33. The pH value was within the safe limit for drinking purpose (WHO, 1973) as well as for crop production (FAO, 1975).This pH range was the combine effects of the tides of the Bay of Bengal and fairly high buffering capacity of the water (Huang et.al;2008). The neutral-sub-alkaline environment at this pH substantially limits the mobility of trace metals in marine water (Manta et al., 2002). The maximum salinity (14.5 p.s.u) at Sagar (S8) and the minimum (0.17 p.s.u.) at Babughat (S3) were recorded which is attributed to higher rate of evaporation than that of precipitation and the neritic water dominance (Rajasekar; 2003). The turbidity showed a wide range of variation (1-13 NTU) being lowest at Tribeni (S1) which is the fresh water zone and highest at Lot 8 (S7), near the coastal water. The high

Marine pollution is a serious ocean water resource challenge that can affect human and animal food resources. Unfortunately human activities are the largest contributor and cause of problems resulting from the oceans being polluted. Furthermore, as the human population continues to grow and extend the range of its activities, as well as increase its demands for marine goods and services, the world’s oceans and coasts will be increasingly stressed. In fact, growing coastal populations and overuse of marine resources are the main source of the problem. The pollution linked with rising coastal populations, availability of inadequate treatment infrastructure of sewage and other waste handling facilities is putting at risk human health and