A Summary On Marie Sophie Germain

St. Germaine Cousin led a hard life. She was the daughter of Laurent and Marie, Laurent was a low class farm worker, and his wife Marie lived in a little village name Pibrac near Toulouse, France. In the year 1579 St. Germaine was born. The times were very hard for people in the French countryside at that time. There were wars going on, people were very poor and there wasn't much food. There was even a plague. A plague is when a great number of people get sick with the same disease and die. When St. Germaine was still very little her mother died because of the plague.

Sophie Germain was born April 1st of 1776, an era of revolution. The American Revolution began around the year of her birth. Then thirteen years passed when the French Revolution began in her own country. In many ways Sophie personified the spirit of revolution into which she was born. She was a middle class female who went against the wishes of her family and the social prejudices of the time to become a highly recognized mathematician. Like the member of a revolution, her life was full of determination, up and downhill struggles. It took a long time for her to be recognized and appreciated for her contributions to the field of mathematics, but she did not give up. Because she was a woman she was never given as much credit as she was due

The Lais of Marie de France is a collection of poems that tell enchanting stories of handsome knights, kings, queens, and romance. Although the lais varied in content; the subject of romantic love is the common theme. Since romantic love is the central theme of the lais it is important to define the term. According to the article, The Social Psychology of Love and Attraction romantic love is defined as, “a love that is supposed to stand the test of time, enduring all hardship. Romantic love emphasizes being in love with a certain individual” (Braxton-Davis 1). In the lais Bisclavret, Equitan, Laustic there is a conflict between love and moral responsibility. Many of the characters experience love and tragedy; yet, Marie de France provides a witty insight into loves immoral issues. In the lais loneliness, greed, excitement, and lust are the motivations for many of the characters reckless actions. Marie de France demonstrates how these characteristics combined with romantic infatuation, passion, and a yearning desire; influences corrupt behavior. This behavior then manifested into character traits such as betrayal, adultery, and cruelty that are revealed throughout the lais.

vision. Her life as blind girl was not easy, she faced a challenge of not being able to fully enjoy the world around her. She had to rely on her other senses like hearing, smell, taste and blindly trust in others. Despite her blindness she learns how to life with it and make the best of what she has. She had to accept that she is different from others, she could never see the sea with her eyes, however, she still can feel the wetness of the sand on her feet, listen to the waves crushing into the walls, and breathe the salty air which evaporates from the sea itself, :”Smell of wet stones, of salt,through she never knew salt haave a smell. The sea murmuring in a language that travels through stones, air, and sky” (118) . Marie-Laure also fights against her fears, she finds herself one day in the attics hiding from the Von Rumple, ahe questions her strength and even ready to give up. Her enormous desire to life to reunite with her great-uncle and find her father serve as a motivation for her to life. Surviving through the war was the biggest challenge in her life, there were so many times when she losses her hope in better day, but her father helps her to overcome the obstacles by simply believing in her : “ I do not worry about you because

(Marie de France).

This source is also valuable because its purpose is to analyze Marie Antoinette’s contribution to the French Revolution. It looks at her social life—including her expenses—and also her husband’s actions that affected her reputation as the careless and apathetic Queen.

Madeleine L’Engle was born on November 29, 1918 in New York City (Marcus 3). Ever since she was five years old, she had the ambition to be an author (Hunter). L’Engle was always self-conscious about her appearance. She said the reason for her insecurities were due to her long neck and lack of coordination (Hunter). At the age of twelve, Madeleine’s family decided to move to Europe. She attended a Swiss boarding school during her stay. A few years later, she returned to the United States and went to a school in South

Marie Antoinette Josèphe Jeanne de Habsbourg-Lorraine was born in the mid-eighteenth century as an archduchess and princess, to Maria Teresa, the Austrian Empress, at the very apex of the European hierarchal pyramid. She was an essential part to the oldest royal European house, as it became known that her sole duty in life was to unite the two great powers and long-term enemies of Austria-Hungary and France by marriage. She was brutally overthrown by her own starving people and portrayed to the world as a villain and abuser of power, whereas sympathy for the young queen should be shown.

At first the French en masse looked to Antoinette lovingly as the future queen of France. But soon enough the public found reasons to dislike the native Austrian, as established by the many tell-tale rumours of the Queens habits. The first buzz that saw the beginning of Maries’ ever declining position was her supposed infertility. Of course it is common knowledge today that she was completely capable of producing children to continue the royal line. Nevertheless, when Marie, aged fifteen at the time, and Louis then aged 16, did not consummate on the night of their wedding, and then for seven more years, what was there to do but speculate? Many of her mother’s letters to her include advice and encouragement to produce an heir, which until she

oinette, (b.1755-d.1793) is recognised as a significant personality that had a lasting impact in history throughout the ages and is remembered for her reckless attempt at reigning over France as Queen as well as her materialistic demeanour, which was symbolic of the French monarchy and greatly despised by French commoners. Despite her inefficient reign over France, Marie’s time as Queen was not entirely unfruitful. During her reign she was recorded as being immensely charitable towards the destitute. Due to being of Austrian descent, she was subject to discrimination and made a scapegoat for the failings of the France.

Sophie of Anhalf-Zerbst was born on May 2, 1729 in the Germany city of Stettin (Szczecin, now Poland). She was born of a minor German prince, into a society that legally separated and isolated its female population. Though society was against her she was recognized by her father for her great ability to learn and remember concepts and ideas. After proving her ideas and abilities, she received a formal education. In 1744, at the age of 14, she married the Grand Duke Peter of Holstein who was heir to the Russian throne . Although Sophie was German she strove to be as Russian as her mother in-law. Sophie not only studied the Russian language, but she also took the name of Catherine II to honour her mother who was also named Catherine.

This is important because these two people are the parents of Julian Carax. Antoni was a hatter and Sophie was a French Piano teacher.

She published philosophical works clarifying facts and generalizing the into laws to form a system of sociology and psychology. Years later, Germain was the first person to provide proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem, that has been a struggle for mathematicians for the past 200 years. “That if xn + yn = zn, then neither x, y, nor z can be a natural number if n is greater than 2, stated from Fermat's Last Theorem" (Barrow-Green). Germain used her proficiency on prime numbers to help to prove this theorem. Successful from her work, she published her deeds in a supplement to her acquaintance Adrien-Marie Legendre's work Théorie des nombres.” (The Remarkable Life of Sophie Germain)

   Though more than two hundred years have separated Sei Shonagon and Marie de France, the scene is much the same. A courtly lady sits in a candle-lit room, with her writing hand poised above a book of parchment. Her face brightens in an instant of inspiration and she scribbles furiously onto the paper. This woman is closely associated with the royal court and is something of an anachronism, a woman author in a male-dominated world. The scene pictured here could have taken place in either Shonagon's late tenth century Japan or the twelfth century France of Marie de France. The differences that exist between these two authors are a result of their differing cultures and personalities.

Marie Curie LIFE OF MARIE CURIE      Marie Curie(1867-1934) was a French physicist with many accomplishments in both physics and chemistry. Marie and her husband Pierre, who was also a French physicist, are both famous for their work in radioactivity.      Marie Curie, originally named Marja Sklodowska, was born in Warsaw, Poland on Nov.7, 1867. Her first learning of physics came from her father who taught it in high school. Marie's father must have taught his daughter well because in 1891, she went to Paris(where she changed her original name) and enrolled in the Sorbonne.