A World Without Polio : A Benefit Cost Analysis Critique

Polio an American story is a scholarly readable and informative book which covers the lives of many American eminent scientists who struggled a lot to eradicate polio. This book mainly focuses on the mid twentieth century where the people are very eager to find a vaccine to eradicate polio .This book also covers the entire topics from appearance of polio symptoms to post polio syndrome which shows the valuable thesis done by David M. Oshinsky.

* Collaborating with government and international agencies to reduce mortality and expand measles elimination goals on a global level. ("Vaccines and

Poliomyelitis was a highly infectious disease that spread through many Americans in the early 20th century. As a matter of fact, over 3,000 Americans died of the disease each year. Families were overwhelmingly desperate for doctors to find a cure. When one suffered from polio, they generally experienced painful symptoms which included not only fatigue and muscle weakness, but even death. Therefore, when the polio vaccine was introduced by scientist Jonas Salk in 1953, it greatly contributed to Americans in numerous positive ways. Environmentally, the vaccine saved countless young American lives affected by the disease thus decreasing American mortality rates. Socially, the polio vaccine convenienced families who were either directly afflicted

With the last outbreak of Polio in the US being in 1979, many today have no recollection of the terror of this disease. The disease primarily infected children, and there seemed to be no pattern to who succumbed to it. No one could feel safe. Polio as a disease presents such horrors that even those who overcome it once can be plagued by its aftereffects in later life. Before vaccines, single outbreaks could devastate entire communities. One outbreak

My guess is it won't happen - or, if it does, the tube will be reconnected, as it has been twice in the past when government arrogantly intervened.

These vaccinations have exterminated and eliminated diseases that once ravaged thousands of people. For example, the World Health Organization found that poliomyelitis, or polio, cases have decreased by over ninety-nine percent because of vaccinations. Between 1988 and 2015, polio cases dropped from three hundred fifty thousand cases per year to seventy-four cases (“Poliomyelitis”). However, if people choose to ignore necessary immunizations, cases of polio could increase throughout the United States and the world. Dr. Karie Youngdahl, the author of the novel The History of Vaccines, discusses this

Parents who know the risk they are putting on their children and other children by choosing to opt-out of vaccines will increase vaccination rates and decrease the number of outbreaks. This solution has great potential to be effective because it has worked in the past. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) provided accurate information to parents leery of the polio vaccine in developing countries. The campaign began in 1985, when the virus was endemic in 125 countries with over 350,000 reported cases each year. GPEI found that resistance to the immunization effort was embedded in misconceptions and fear of vaccines. Extensive education and outreach programs were used to inform people, and working with religious leaders to amend rumors in a non-threatening way. The program proved to be successful when more than 2.5 billion children were vaccinated against polio, which then prevented 10 million cases of paralysis and dropped the number of cases to less than 370. Other organizations like Every Child By Two and the National Meningitis Association use scientific evidence and personal stories to promote vaccinations. Part of the problem is also that some parents choose not to be educated and continue to believe misconceptions that a simple google search could disprove. If parents are required to watch a video about the risks of not vaccinating their children before opting out of immunizations, it can be ensured that parents are making informed

Because of advances in medical science, your child can be protected against more diseases than ever before. Some diseases that once injured or killed thousands of children, have been eliminated completely and others are close to extinction primarily due to safe and effective vaccines. Polio is one example of the great impact that vaccines had have in the United States (Five). Polio was once America’s most-feared disease, causing death and paralysis across the country, but today, thanks to vaccination, there are no reports of polio in the

Epidemics have initial devastating consequences; however, what about the patients that survive? According to Robin Howard in Poliomyelitis and the Postpolio Syndrome (2005), the World Health Organization (WHO) discussed a significant drop in polio cases between 1988 and 2003 due to increased immunizations. WHO identified that although there was a drop from 350,000 to 900 cases worldwide, polio is still considered an epidemic in six third world countries. While its important to understand polio and its initial symptoms its equally important to understand that polio survivors may develop significant symptoms decades later; this classified as PPS. Suffers are more likely to have surgical procedures related to their age as a result of deterioration.

I was very impressed with the way you took the opportunity to snap pictures of those clerics who were against polio vaccination and then developed advocacy and sensitization tools to promote vaccination in your country. Congratulations on your initiative. Indeed, it is very important in public health to have initiative and innovate in order to move forward (Who.int, 2011). Prevention is really important in public health and we must invest time to allow the population to become actors of their health instead remaining victims of sicknesses (Matheson, Witteman and Mochar, 2015).

Polio reached the height of its pandemic proportions in the first half of the nineteenth century.[2] The creation of the first safe and effective poliovirus vaccine by Dr. Jonas Salk in 1955 made immediate and profound impacts in the incidence of disease. For example, in the United States two years prior to the development of the vaccine, the average number of polio cases was greater than 45,000. In 1962, just seven years after the advent of vaccination, that number diminished to 910.[2] The effectiveness of the vaccine soon prompted health officials to extend the application of immunization worldwide. In 1988, the World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate poliomyelitis by the year 2000 and by 1999, global incidence of the disease dropped by approximately

In February 2013 nine female polio vaccination workers in Nigeria were killed. This tragic incident sheds some light on resistance to vaccinations. Ten years ago Nigerian religious leaders told citizens that vaccines were unsafe, that they caused sterility. Polio is close to becoming the second disease successfully eliminated due to vaccines. Less than 250 cases of Polio were reported last year worldwide. Polio can only be eliminated if Nigeria stops resisting and if South Asia does the same ("The Dangers of Vaccine Defiance [analysis]."). Polio is still a problem in Nigeria, even though it’s not in America. Given the amount of international travel and immigration, to not vaccinate is to risk the chance of young children getting a deadly disease. (Offit) Polio causes permanent paralysis in one in every 200 cases and death in a tenth of those cases. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) claims that 10 million children have been saved from paralysis due to vaccination. Vaccinations save 10 million lives every year. Many

Polio is an infectious disease that has killed and paralyzed many people (Birth of Jonas Salk and the death of polio in India). It has taken the lives of

Dr. Jonas Salk has created a vaccine that he inoculated on himself and his family members to see if the vaccine worked or not. The vaccine was then given to over 2 million schoolchildren between ages 6 and 9 for a large-scale field trial in 1954. The vaccine protected some children against disease from all three poliovirus types, including the most common epidemic type, Type 1. The experiment conducted by Salk for studies of his vaccine shows a decrease in paralytic cases of Type 1 varied from 80 to 75 per cent. He didn’t patent his polio vaccine because he wanted everyone to get it. He started the polio vaccines and now with vaccines, polio can be prevented and cases have decreased by over 99% since 1988 and more than 10 million people are

While working with governments, partners and communities, UNICEF is aiming to increase demand for immunization, establishing better cold chain and logistic systems, and increase national ownership for immunization. 36% of the