Abnormal Factors And The Prevalence Of Dm And Hypertension

One of these symptoms is jaundice, which is characterized by yellowish skin and eyes because of an inability of the liver to remove bilirubin from the blood. Patient with cirrhosis also suffering from itching, due to deposited bile's products in the skin. This patient also suffers from accumulation of fluid in legs that is called edema. As a result of the blockage of blood flow via the liver, fluid accumulation in abdomen which is worsen by the decrease in protein production. Other symptoms include fatigue, weakness, loss of appetite, weight loss and nausea. As the disease progress, complications may develop ,such as varices that happens with cirrhosis patient when the blood flow through the liver slows, so the blood from intestine go back to the vessels of the stomach and esophagus, these vessels are not meant to carry this much of blood so they dilate (varices), with increasing

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, has become a major risk factor for several types of heart disease across the globe. In the United States alone, nearly 70 million adults have been diagnosed with this condition [1]. Hypertension is a condition in which arterial walls experience extreme force from blood flowing through; long-term force against artery walls will lead to more serious health problems such as stroke, renal failure, and other cardiovascular diseases [2]. If the proper steps to treat hypertension are not taken, patients have a high risk of developing atherosclerosis, a condition that causes arteries to harden significantly. Smoking, obesity, lack of physical activity, high alcohol consumption, and high sodium intake are factors that may cause an individual to be diagnosed with hypertension [3] Detection of hypertension is crucial in order to reduce the incidence of death by cardiovascular disease [1].

Decompensated cirrhosis is characterized by the development of a cirrhosis-related complication, including variceal hemorrhage, ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatorenal syndrome, and/or coagulopathies. For patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis, the risk of death is 4.7 and 9.7 times higher than the general population, respectively.4 Survival in patients with decompensated cirrhosis is considerably lower than that of patients with compensated cirrhosis. The median survival times are as low as 2 years in decompensated patients and greater than 12 years in compensated

This case study is about Abdul Chidiac, a 51 year old male, married with 4 children. He had a medical history of hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and cirrhosis with two admissions in the last six months. He is a smoker and drinks beer, 5-6 bottles per day. As Carithers & McClain (2010) explained the patient’s medical history is another indicator of the risk for cirrhosis; the progression to cirrhosis is adaptable and may take time over weeks or many years. Cirrhosis is a liver disease characterized by permanent scarring of the

Diabetes is also linked to developing cardiovascular disease more often. Hypertension and diabetes are usually linked together and if a patient has both, their risks of cardiovascular disease doubles. People with diabetes can also have abnormal cholesterol amounts ranging from high to low. Smokers with diabetes should immediately stop smoking if they want to save their bodies. Smoking increases your chance of having a stroke and cardiovascular disease with

We constructed 10-year risk assessment charts of CVD incidence using important risk factors. Such a user-friendly chart included SBP, WHR, diabetes, smoking status, CVD family history and TC. SBP was grouped into four classes: (1) <120, (2) 120-139, (3) 140-159, and (4) ≥160 mmHg. These cutoff points were based on National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). TC was categorized into five groups: (1) <150, (2) 150-200, (3) 200-250, (4) 250-300 and (5) ≥300 mg/dL. High waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was defined as WHR ≥ 0.80 and 0.95 in women and men, respectively. When FBS ≥126 mg/dL or the 2h post-load plasma glucose ≥200 mg/dL or the patient was receiving anti-diabetic agents, subjects were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The smoking variable comprised current smokers.

Patients with advanced liver disease can also develop PAH. Portopulmonary hypertension (PPH) is a combination of high blood pressure in the portal and pulmonary systems. Unless transplantation can occur, prognosis for these patients is less than ideal. In order to be considered for transplantation, patients must have a mean arterial pressure less than or equal to 35 mm Hg.

Cardiovascular disease is the disease that influences the veins which incorporate veins, corridors and vessels and the heart, overall this framework is known as the cardiovascular system. This disease is confounded for the coronary illness and comprises of plentiful issues joined with a natural methodology known as atherosclerosis; when substances develop in the dividers of the conduits. Under the cardiovascular disease flag, there are coronary diseases which influence the corridors, hear musicality issues, known as arrhythmias lastly the cogenital heart defects. The World Health Organization group cardiovascular disease into inherent coronary illness, cerebrovascular disease, coronary infection, rheumatic coronary illness, peripheral arterial disease and the profound vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

Increased cholesterol levels, particularly low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), is one of the most potent CV risk factors. Epidemiological data show a continuous log-linear relationship between serum cholesterol levels and risk of CHD (Grundy et al. 2004). There are inconsistent reports of increased cholesterol levels in PD patients (Hayward et al. 1989; Tancer et al. 1990; Bajwa et al. 1992; Agargun et al. 1996; Shiori et al. 2000; Peter et al.

The World Gastroenterology Organization (WGO) has recently declared NALFD as most common cause of liver disease. Obesity is an increasing problem not only in the UK but worldwide. An estimated 26% of the adults in the UK are considered to be obese 1, 2. Obesity induced metabolic syndrome may lead to NAFLD, which can progress to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), and in turn to advanced fibrosis and an increased risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) 2, 3.

It is also important to manage any long-term (chronic) health conditions you have that can increase your risk of PVD. These include:

Portal hypertension is a condition in which there is a dramatic increase of blood flow thru the hepatic portal vein. The portal vein is responsible for feeding blood to various parts of the gastrointestinal tract along with the spleen and liver. This condition develops due to an increase resistance of blood flow usually within the liver but can be also caused by pre and posthepatic conditions. However, the end result of this condition can lead to the development of variceal bleeding and ascites. Cirrhosis, scarring of the liver tissue, is the most common cause of portal hypertension due to damage liver cells and their inability to function properly, which causes a dramatic slow down of blood flow thru the organ. Unfortunately, portal hypertension

Peripheral vascular disease is divided into subcategories of functional and organic. “Functional PVD does not involve physical problems in the blood vessels. It causes incidental or short-term symptoms. These are usually spasms that occur erratically. Organic PVD involves changes in blood vessel structure. This type of PVD causes inflammation, tissue damage, and blockages” (Giorgi 2015). The number one leading cause of peripheral vascular disease is atherosclerosis. “This is a gradual process in which a fatty material builds up inside the arteries” (emedicinehealth 2015). Other contributing factors to PVD include smoking, inactivity, diabetes, obesity, high blood cholesterol, hypertension, emboli from another location, inflammation of blood vessels, injury to blood vessels, and stress. (Giorgi 2015)

The serum markers (platelet count, APRI score, Forn’s score, Lok score, FIB-4, Transient Elastography [TE]) were compared with percutaneous liver biopsy (LB) to predict the extent of disease. All the evaluated tests had outstanding predictive value (AUROCs 0.839-0.979). 124[29]

Hypertension is defined a consistent elevation of the systolic blood pressure above 140mmHg, a diastolic pressure above 90mmHg or a report of taking antihypertensive medication. Early diagnosis and effective management of hypertension is essential because it is a major modifiable risk factor to cerebrovascular, cardiac, vascular, and renal diseases. The higher the blood pressure, the greater the risk for heart attack, heart failure, stroke, and kidney disease.