Abr Rahman Khan Research Paper

Under Ottoman rule, women “faced legal and social disadvantages”, common to that of previous times. Certain restrictions often forced seclusion and viewing amongst women of all castes. Evidently, women were subordinated to their fathers and husbands in the household (AP world textbook). Likewise, throughout Mughal rule, the position of women, for the most part, faltered, subjecting them to many disadvantages in each sect of life. This came at the hands of patriarchy, polygamy, the practice of Sati (the burning of a widow on her husband’s grave), child marriages, and purdah (the physical seclusion of women in Muslim societies). (Somali, Religious and Social conditions of Society during Mughal Rule) Although low in status, many women in either society gained importance as the dynasty aged and under the rule of specific leaders. For example, this was evident in Akbar’s rule as he even went as far as to outlaw Sati. These contrasting social structures and gender roles all play into their individual history, as well as world history.

Afghanistan is one of the most challenging places in the world to be a women. The women residing in Afghanistan have a different role than a woman in any other country. Afghanistan women are often treated bad and beaten for any excuse available. In early times Afghanistan women had some rights. Once the Taliban became in control, everything including their rights and roles changed.

Amira Arzu, an Afghan teenager, was only 15 years old when she was forced into an arranged marriage. She was kind hearted, intelligent, elated, and humorous until one day this was all taken away. December 15th, 2016 she was on her way to school in Afghanistan not knowing that her parents were driving her to a Mosque, the Shrine of Ali, to get married to her future husband, Ahmed Akmal. A few days later she found herself on the street Taimani in Kabul, Afghanistan. Amira ran past workers ordering from street carts, women with their children, men in trucks honking at one another, and many looked at her uncertainty as she was running through the streets of Kabul. At the time, she was wearing a blue floral hijab, jeans, and a dress as in Afghanistan you cannot wear a dress without covering your legs. Many deduced that she was without her husband on the streets of Kabul, which is not normally the case, but Amira was different from the other wives and arduously wanting to figure out an escape.

Growing up and living in Afghanistan as a woman has its challenges. Parents choose who can marry you and they choose everything for you. In this book, Laila and Mariam both show the struggles it is to be a girl, and how much disrespect they get in Afghanistan. Both Mariam and Laila are married to the same man, and he is abusive to both of them. They also live under Taliban rule, and the rules that they set are very unfair for women. In Khaled Hosseni’s novel, he has many different themes but the most prevalent one is of woman inequality, and that is shown through multiple accounts of abuse, disrespect, and unfairness.

“Afghanistan was a monarchy ruled by King Zahir Shah. On July 17, 1973, when the king was on away on vacation, a man by the name of Mohammad Daoud Khan attained power. The military takeover did not cause any bloodshed, but as we see through Amir's story, it was still a frightening time for the people of Kabul who heard rioting and shooting in the streets. For six years, Mohammad Daoud Khan was President and Prime Minister of Afghanistan. Then, on April 27, 1978, he was violently overthrown by the PDPA, People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan. Daoud was killed in

In addition, equality is difficult to find in the novel through gender discrimination. Women have very different roles in Afghanistan society and are treated unlike those in America. In Afghanistan, there are arranged marriages, which are forced marriages usually done upon the father of the bride. Women are unable to marry who they truly love, unless they get lucky. Unfortunately, that isn’t the case for Sanaubar, Ali’s wife. Ali and Sanaubar are, “First cousin[s] and therefore [he is] a natural choice for a spouse” (8). This reveals that Sanaubar, nineteen, was forced into a relationship with Ali and that women’s roles are different from those of men. Women don’t get the firsthand choice on who they marry. Therefore, It wouldn’t be fair for women to marry the person they didn’t

Because a society has no chance of success if its women are uneducated, Laila. No chance” (Hosseini 114). This demonstrates just how pro women’s rights Babi was, as he not only believed in education for females and the idea that arranged marriages at young ages are wrong, but also that women could be the ones to make the country strong again, not men. Because of his beliefs, you can assume Babi represented the Soviet government that administered over Afghanistan at the time. Later into the book though, Babi ends up passing away in a terribly violent way, which to me represents the collapse of the soviet union (which happens around the same time as his death) by the violent hands of the Mujahideen. After his death, Laila then ends up living under the authority of a dangerous and brutal male, Rasheed, who represents the new Mujahideen government that took control. Rasheed had very conservative views, as seen when he warned the girls to obey his every word, not leave the house without him, and always wear a Burqa. All the things he asked them to do were the policies the new Mujahideen government set into place, restricting women 's rights.

Today in the post –Taliban era, women still struggle with their rights. Resolutions were produced and rights for women have advanced since September 11th but in order to move forward, much work needs to be done. Hundreds of years of repression for Afghan women will take a lot longer than a few years to actually revolutionize. There is violence towards women that are not practicing traditions customs and fear retaliations from the Taliban. Customs are difficult to change as well as government policies. (Bora Laskin Law). In Afghanistan, religious and cultural values, politics, and an uncertain acting government have played a major part in the struggle for women’s rights.

Not too long after that they could not leave their house and windows had to be blackened to hide women from outside viewers. The Taliban also forced most women to quit work when they arrived and also forbade them from being educated. If a woman broke any of these laws she was either beaten or killed. During this time the women could look face to face to any man they had to look down and let their blood relative speak. If a women was to speak to another man while out with a blood relative they would be killed or beaten badly. The women of Afghanistan had to be like the perfect person who just needed to stay in their home with no education or anything. An example of the women facing a man is between Soroya and Amir “She was a shy woman, so courteous she spoke in a voice barely higher than a whisper and she would not raise her pretty hazel eyes to meet my gaze” (Hosseini 217) . The way she acted when they were talking about marriage is the interaction between men and women that can't happen is

Genghis Khan elevated the status of women in the Mongol society by strategically betrothing his daughters in marriages to kings that provided

Khaled Hosseini presents the struggle Afghan women go through every day by discussing honour, marriage and the place of women in society in Afghanistan.

One cultural facet of Afghanistan that really stood out was what controlling husbands do to their “unimportant” wives which Hosseini was quite candid about. Firstly, in one example, Rasheed is so upset with Mariam’s cooking, that he goes out, brings some pebbles in, and forces her to chew on them until her molars crack (Hosseini 94). This scene shows that husbands were in complete control in nearly every household, and the wives could not do anything. Secondly, when Laila and Rasheed are having an argument about what to do with their daughter Aziza (because they have become poor and it is hard to support all of them as it is), Rasheed becomes extremely infuriated and puts the barrel of his gun down Laila’s throat (Hosseini 267). After reading this, one can easily infer that in a controlling relationship, especially in Afghanistan, the husband can literally do whatever

“Afghanistan was a monarchy ruled by King Zahir Shah. On July 17, 1973, when the king was on away on vacation, a man by the name of Mohammad Daoud Khan attained power. The military takeover did not cause any bloodshed, but as we see through Amir's story, it was still a frightening time for the people of Kabul who heard rioting and shooting in the streets. For six years, Mohammad Daoud Khan was President and Prime Minister of Afghanistan. Then, on April 27, 1978, he was violently overthrown by the PDPA, People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan. Daoud was killed in the coup along with most of his family. Even though Afghanistan had long insisted on maintaining its independence from Russia, the PDPA was a Communist party and therefore held close ties to the Soviet Union. The PDPA instituted many

If a woman displayed herself in a sexy manner, as Sanaubar did, she would be considered "dishonorable" (8). If an unwed woman held a conversation with a man, she would be seen as a "lochak" (146), or in other words a brazen girl. The honor of a girl mattered so much because virtuous girls brought in respectable "suitable suitors" (148), and one of the most important things an Afghani girl needed was a husband. This cultural belief gave men an overbearing advantage once they married. The men essentially controlled how their wives lived their lives. The prime example in this case would be General Taheri, who had many opinions on how women should behave. The General forbade his wife to sing in public because he thought it was a job for people with "lesser reputations" (177), he didn't "approve of women drinking alcohol," (183), and was constantly worried about the public perception of his family. Baba, to some extent also represented these views. He talked about losing ones honor in a very somber manner, and believed that a man's honor rested in the "chastity of a wife. Or a daughter." (145)

Ever thought how Mongolia took over most of asia? If yes, it was the person who united all of the warring clans of the Mongols under a single banner, Genghis Khan. He was born on 1162, Deluun Boldog and died tragically in August 18, 1227, Western Xia. Genghis Khan was not raised like a normal child, from a small age his family was attacked by many tribes.when he was young Genghis was captured and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Taichi's. He had a very hard early life but in the end he was one of the greatest rulers ever. Genghis Khan was the greatest and most ruthless mongolian leader ever, but without his rule major military advances wouldn’t have been possible. He was considered the greatest for all the land he conquered,