Accounting Information For The Manager

Accounting is the methodical and full recording of financial transactions relating to a business, and it also denotes to the procedure of briefing, examining and evaluating these transactions to cross checking agencies and tax collection agencies. Accounting is one of the key purposes for nearly any company. It may be done by an auditor and accountant at small businesses or by substantial finance subdivisions with lots of employee’s at

used to safeguard the company from breaking law or having its resource wasted and finally refreeze the

Management accounting is for commercial finance, analyzing past performance and projecting future results aiding in the commercial decision-making. This department defines and measures key targets needed to achieve for McDonald’s business strategy to be successful (McDonald’s Corporation, 2008).

Dynamic companies use their internal budgets to make course adjustments throughout the year. For instance, if a product or service is not doing well in the first half of the year in comparison to the forecast or budget, the management team can use that information to make necessary changes or to scale back operations until market trends or the economy changes. Managerial accounts are the value creator for the organization (Collier, 2003). Their forward-looking capacity will help the organization to plan and make decisions for future profitability. The management accountants have a dual role to perform in an organization. The management accountant works as a strategic partner to provide strategic based financial and operational information (Collier, 2003). They are also responsible for business team management in organizations. The management accountant plays a prominent role in preparing financial reports, risk, and regulatory reporting, aggregating financial information, forecasting and planning important organizational information. Managerial accountants often perform cost analysis of products and divisions, which include variable and fixed costs. The production decisions made by managers are a direct result of information received from managerial accountants.

Critically examine the above statements by analysing the contribution of traditional management accounting techniques in an organisation, the necessity for modern management accounting techniques and the role of accountants in the implementation of the modern management accounting techniques in an organisation.

a) “to be able to retrieve information whenever it is needed. For example each organisation has to keep accurate records or information of their employees in order to be able to use this information for planning ahead (…)

Accounting is the heart and soul of executing a successful business. Accounting is used to provide record for all items that are paid and received for a business over any period of time. Within the purpose of accounting lies the need to provide continuity and sustainability within a business, without it a business will not thrive. The information obtained is kept on record, in order to give insight to upper management on data concerning the daily revenue and expenses of that business. This data is needed to not only inform the employees of the business, but also the investing parties of that business as well. Success in business is equated to being accountable of all aspects of revenue and expenses. To

19 One of the specific purposes of management accounting system is to provide information useful to help the enterprise achieve its goals, objectives, and mission.

3. Managerial Accounting deals with procuring of data for the organisation's management i.e. to serve the internal users with necessary accounting information to carry out the management tasks of planning, organising, actualising and controlling. " Management Accounting is the presentation of accounting Information in such a way as to assist management in creation of policy and in the day to day operations of an undertaking". 4. Financial Management deals with the process adopted by an organisation for taking financial decisions through analysing and interpretation of financial data for meeting the organisations objectives.

Chartered Institute of Management Accountants defines MA as information that comes from combination of accounting, finance and management that needed to ensure the success of the organization. The changes in management accounting (MA) are a continuous matter that has been discussed by literature over an age. Thus, this paper also aims to discuss about the evolution of management accounting and changing roles of management accountants together with the development of strategic management accounting (SMA). In chapter introduction, this paper will explain the history and development of management accounting from ancient until now and also information about future of management accounting.

The management accounting is an effective and important provider for business information that helps the management to make decisions relating to business activities and investment decisions. Managerial accountants play a crucial role in advising managers about the financial implications of projects; and run some analysis such as cost benefit analysis, sensitivity analysis. At the same time managerial accounting streamline the management by explain the financial consequences of business decisions. It plays a crucial role in formulate business strategy to assist the higher management to build the strategic goals and strategic plan. Managerial accountants always monitor spending and financial control as well as conduct internal business audits. The management accounting is a control tool used for various internal business processes of the enterprise, consequently becoming essential in any manager’s daily processes and operations.

Accounting is a unique science to understand the results of operations of an entity after its operations in market. As it has both external and internal users, in this case study internal users of Accounting System will be in focus.

According to Will S, Ray H, & Eric E.N. (2009), management accounting is a branch of accounting that is concerned with providing information to managers who direct and control the firm’s operations. Management directing function seeks to effectively use both the human and raw material wealth of a firm to achieve organizational set objectives on routine basis. Controlling function is the art of tele-guarding the activities of the organization to consistently fall in line with set objectives. Management accounting achieves this function through effective budgeting.

According to the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA), Management Accounting is "the process of identification, measurement, accumulation, analysis, preparation, interpretation and communication of information used by management to plan, evaluate and control within an entity and to assure appropriate use of and accountability for its resources. Management accounting also comprises the preparation of financial reports for non management groups such as shareholders, cr->ors, regulatory agencies and tax authorities" (CIMA Official Terminology)

Management accounting is used to provide managers with information, so they can make informed business decisions. The next category is open-book accounting; this is defined as an accounting principle that aims to improve accounting in organizations. Tax-accounting is defined as the accounting needed to comply with jurisdictional tax regulations. In other words, tax-accounting is used to put tax on goods and services. Accounting has revolved into what every company uses today which is the equation of; Assets=Liabilties+Owners Equity. The meaning of this equation is to show companies what they own and what they owe to there creditors and everybody else.