Acetaminophen Research Paper

Acetaminophen has been used for decades. In 1947 it was able to be bought by prescription only. Then in the 1960s it was then changed to be bought over the counter. It is one of the most commonly used analgesic-antipyretic medication for pediatrics and adults. The chemical name is N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP). There is more than 200 over the counter medications, prescriptions that has acetaminophen listed as the primary drug. According to the American Association of Poison Control Center, acetaminophen is the most common pharmaceutical that has intentional and unintentional poisoning and toxicity. The most common of NSAIDs is aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), it was put into modern medicine in 1899. Ibuprofen also known as Advil or Motrin, a

Acetaminophen is a non-opioid analgesic. We are not sure about how acetaminophen reduces the pain. It could have an inhibitory effect on central prostaglandin synthesis (cyclooxygenase (COX)-2) as well as increase the pain threshold. Acetaminophen cure fever by inhibiting the formulation and release of prostaglandins in the CNS. It stops endogenous pyrogens at the hypothalamic thermoregulator center. Acetaminophen is effective on curing fever, and may also relieve mild pain caused by cancer. Compared with Ibuprofen, they have very similar effectiveness. Acetaminophen provides a faster and greater temperature drop than aspirin. Acetaminophen may cause vomiting, constipation, nausea, pruritus, and agitation. For more serious circumstances,

| * 90% of customers uses aspirin based analgesics * Many of them are suffering from side effects such as upset stomach, irritation of the stomach lining, or an allergic reaction. * 10% of customers who generally visited doctors and who get prescription use acetaminophen thorough doctor’s recommendation.

Codeine or methyl morphine, an alkaloid, was first isolated in 1832 from raw opium. It concentration ranges from 0.2% to 0.8%. Mostly used for its analgesic, anti-tussive and anti-diarrheal capabilities (Tremlett, Anderson and Wolf, 2010). Paracetamol also known as acetaminophen (n-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP) on the other hand, is a useful non- steroidal anti- inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is commonly

Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen belongs to a class of drugs called analgesics (pain relievers) and antipyretics (fever reducers). The exact mechanism of action of acetaminophen is not known. Acetaminophen relieves pain by elevating the pain threshold, that is, by requiring a greater amount of pain to develop before it is felt by a person. It reduces fever through its action on the heat regulating centre of the brain. Specifically, it tells the centre to lower the body’s temperature when the temperature is elevated. Acetaminophen relieves pain in mild arthritis but has no effect on the underlying inflammation, redness, and swelling of the joint.

Acetaminophen and oxycodone may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen are synthetic mixes created to treat a collection of agony conditions. Ibuprofen can be utilized as a torment executioner and lessens irritation. The historical backdrop of ibuprofen can be followed back to 400BC times when Hippocrates utilized the willow leaf tea as a torment reliever for ladies amid labor. In 1763 Revererend Edward Stone uses willow bark to treat rheumatic fever. It wasn't until 1823 when the dynamic fixing, salicin, is separated from willow. The dynamic fixing was likewise found in 1838 by Swiss and German analysts in meadowsweet bloom. French researchers in 1853 makes salicylic corrosive from salicin. In any case, they understood an annoyed stomach is an unanticipated symptom of ingesting salicylic

Analgesic is another word for painkiller. Non-narcotic analgesics, such as acetaminophen, only work for mild pain relief. Acetaminophen is an anti-inflammatory analgesic which works peripherally (locally) to stop the production of Cyclooxygenase. Cyclooxygenase is an enzyme that converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandin, which results in pain and inflammation. Increasing the dosage does not increase the pain relief, but does increase the side effects - nausea, upper stomach pain, itching, loss of appetite, and in extreme cases, liver and kidney damage. However, because the pain relief would be no different in taking one or two Tylenol to six, and because it only works locally to relieve pain, there is no addictive quality to acetaminophen. Opioids also provide relief from pain, but are a narcotic. Narcotic analgesics - hydrocodone - are used to relieve moderate to severe pain, and work in the central nervous system to change the way the brain receives pain signals. The hydrocodone binds to opioid receptors in the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract, and works centrally to change the way the user experiences pain, all while providing a sense of euphoria. Increasing the dosage increases pain relief and euphoria, while also increasing the side effects - nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, mood changes,

Acetaminophen (also known as Paracetamol) is an acylated aromatic amide and is an analgesic drug used as in many cold and flu medications [1]. At At therapeutic doses, Acetaminophen is metabolized to to paracetamol glucuronide and paracetamol sulfate, and are then excreted in the urine [10]. A minor component of APAP is also oxidized by the microsomal cytochrome P450 system, predominantly by Cyp2E1 and Cyp1A2 [11], to form a reactive metabolite, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) [12]. This minor metabolite is typically harmless, since it is mostly conjugated with glutathione and excreted in bile [13,

Acetaminophen is a popular painkiller, with billions of doses sold annually. In any given week, about one-quarter of American adults (23 percent) take it to relieve all kinds of pain – everything from post-surgical discomfort to menstrual cramps. You may even have taken acetaminophen without realizing it. The FDA reports that over 600 medications include it as an active ingredient, including nonprescription remedies like Nyquil, Theraflu and Midol and

Aspirin a non-steroidal anti inflammatory drug(NSAIDs) with 3 main functions which are: analgesic, anti inflammatory, and antipyretic. NSAIDs is designed to inhibit the fatty acid COX enzyme which means that they also inhibit prostaglandins and thromboxanes. This enzyme is made up of COX 1 and COX 2. COX 1 is found in tissues and blood platelets which maintains homeostasis and produces prostaglandins. while COX 2 is responsible for the production of prostanoid mediators of inflammation. NSAIDs anti inflammatory effects are a result of COX 2 while their side effects are from inhibiting COX 1. Antipyretic action is a result of inhibition of prostaglandin production in the hypothalamus, the hypothalamus is what controls the balance between heat

Every year, especially during the winter when it is subject to the influence, millions of peoples buy the Tylenol, the antipyretic and analgesic most used in the field of self-medication. Its active ingredient is acetaminophen, also known as Acetaminophen and is particularly indicated for lowering quickly fever in both adults and children. It is also used for the treatment of headache, toothache, neuralgias, menstrual disorders, bone and joint pain or muscle and minor surgeries.

Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, abbreviated as APAP) is one of the most widely used analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory drugs worldwide [1]. While generally considered to be safe for humans at a maximum recommended daily dose of 4,000 milligrams (mg) per healthy adult [2], at higher concentrations this drug can cause serious adverse effects, especially toxicity to the gastrointestinal, renal, and hepatic systems [1]. Moreover, APAP poisoning, either by accidental or intentional overdose, is a frequent problem in current medical practice. For example, it is the paramount cause of acute liver failure in the Western Europe, the United States, Canada, and Australia [3]. Therefore, an extensive body of literature dealing with acetaminophen

Acetaminophen was approved by the FDA in 1951. In 1955 Tylenol Elixir, a flavored liquid acetaminophen was exclusively available for children and by prescription only. The success was massive in North America. In 1959 McNeil launched the drug over the counter. Two years later adults were able to benefit from their new line of Regular-Strength Tylenol tablets. Today we continue to use Acetaminophen (Tylenol) in many ways. It is available over the counter and by prescription to alleviate moderate to

Acetaminophen- It is a highly recommended drug used as a pain reliever and fever reducer.