Acute Heart Failure

Situation: Two patients in their 70s present to the office at different times today, each with documented heart failure: one diastolic and the other systolic, and both are hypertensive. First, discuss the difference between systolic and diastolic heart failure, providing appropriate pathophysiology. ACEI/ARBs are the only medications prescribed for CHF that have been found to prolong life and improve the quality of that life. EXPLAIN the mechanism of action of ACEI/ARBs and how they affect morbidity and mortality in CHF. Be specific. Diuretics must be used very carefully in diastolic ventricular dysfunction. EXPLAIN this statement using appropriate physiology. Now considering all of the above, describe an appropriate comprehensive plan of

M.G., a “frequent fl ier,” is admitted to the emergency department (ED) with a diagnosis of heart failure

In the UK, reports show that heart failure has been affecting up to 2% of the population, over 900,000 people are living with heart failure, with 63,000 new cases being diagnosed each year (BHF, 2015). It costs the NHS £625 million per year, as a result of the high portion of emergency admissions, readmission and long length of inpatient stay (NHS Improvement, 2010). DH (2000) confirmed that Heart failure accounts for all cardiac admissions and the readmission rate can be as high as 50% within 3 months; also, it further estimated 50% readmission might be preventable. Unfortunately, Heart Failure can’t be cured, but early

Nearly 5.1 million people in the United States have been diagnosed with heart failure. Yet so many people don’t have a clue what it is until they have been diagnosed with it. Congestive Heart Failure, or CHF, is a disease that has many symptoms, can be tested and treated, has several causes, and can be avoided.

Heart failure affects nearly 6 million Americans. It is the leading cause of hospitalization in people older than 65. Roughly 550,000 people are diagnosed with heart failure each year (Emory Healthcare, 2014). Heart failure is a pathologic state where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the demand of the body’s metabolic needs or when the ventricle’s ability to fill is impaired. It is not a disease, but rather a complex clinical syndrome. The symptoms of heart failure come from pulmonary vascular congestion and inadequate perfusion of the systemic circulation. Individuals experience orthopnea,

Providing patients diagnosed with Congestive Heart Failure effective teaching can eliminate reoccurring hospitalizations. Patients are discharged with CHF and readmitted within 30 days. The information provided will examine the process of enhancing patient knowledge and provide additional resources essential for effective health care management. Research evidence provides data that proves patients who are diagnosed with CHF needs a variety of health care needs during admission and after discharge. The proposal will display an evaluation plan, implementation plan and a dissemination of the

In 2012, my cousin suffered a severe heart attack which lead to heart failure. After witnessing someone I love suffer a life-changing event, it was important to find ways in which I could help. During her time in the hospital I cared for her children, encouraging them to remain positive around their mother, explaining how important their presence was to her recovery. I assisted in organizing a fundraiser that provided financial benefits for medical expenses. An extended hospital stay can create a feeling of isolation, and the fundraiser served as a physical reminder of the amount of support she had behind her during this battle. Childcare and fundraising were both pivotal ways in which I made a difference, but being present with my cousin at

CHF is the most frequent diagnosis at initial discharge that results in readmission. In 2009, Medicare began publicly reporting hospitals risk-standardized, all 30 day readmission rates among fee-for-service beneficiaries discharged after heart failure hospitalization from all United States acute care hospitals. That same year the average 30 day readmission rate for Medicare patients diagnosed with CHF was 21.2 %. Readmission rates six months post discharge are estimated around 44 %. Noncompliance with medication contributes to 65 % of patients admitted with exacerbation of CHF. It has been estimated that one quarter to one third of exacerbation of CHF admissions are preventable. A prior analysis of MedPac reported that 76 % of readmissions were preventable (Jencks, Williams, & Coleman, 2009). Variations in estimates of this proportion may reflect variances in the quality of care; it is also a result of subjective criteria used to demonstrate an avoidable readmission. The association between

Sensing process is the initial stage of our process. Heart problems like Chronic Heart Failure Disease affected people have 70% of possibility to cause of critical heart failure i.e. Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF). The concept of outpatient monitoring for early detection and treatment of ADHF is not new. However, the question of which parameters to monitor and what specific detection strategies should be used to prevent hospitalization has not been adequately addressed. Symptoms such as orthopnea and physical examination signs such as pulmonary rales, peripheral edema, and elevated jugular venous pressure reflect increased ventricular filling pressures and vascular congestion and are often used for the diagnosis of ADHF. However,

For years health care providers have been using drugs like beta blockers or ACE inhibitors to treat patients with heart failure, but with cardiovascular disease still being a leading cause of death, it is evident that current treatments have been lacking the ability to produce adequate results. However, with the newest heart failure drug on the market a positive change has finally come for heart failure patients. The new heart failure drug reigns far more superior when compared to the treatments healthcare professionals already use and can potentially alter the foundation of heart failure treatments altogether.

In the United States, over 5 million patients have heart failure (HF) and approximately 20 million patients have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Both conditions are linked by multiple risk factors including obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, tobacco abuse, and increasing age. The presence of HF increases the risk of CKD and vice versa. Nearly one third of all patients with HF and 70% of Medicare patients with HF have Stage III CKD or greater and approximately 50% of dialysis dependent end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients will develop HF.

Diagnosed with Congestive cardiomyopathy implies that the patient’s heart muscle has been debilitated by ailment and cannot sufficiently pump blood through the heart, which can lead to heart failure (“Columbia University Medical Center”, 2016). In this case study, the current situation of a male patient Mr. P., who is 76 years old, and frequently hospitalized with CHF is given. The purpose of this paper is to describe an approach to care with treatment plan recommendation, provide education to both the patient and his family, and a teaching plan.

According to Marise (2011), the most comment causes of cardiac failure are coronary artery disease which Mrs J does have. Cardiac failure occurs when the heart is unable to meet the requirements of the body’s demand and supply. By assessing Mrs J clinical manifestation I would say the severity of her heart failure is in Class IV (New York Heart Association classification). Class IV indicates severe limitation of physical activities and the patient’s symptoms are present even at rest. Looking back on Mrs J disease process, nurses should be able to conceptualize the clinical care needed for her. Well designed and implementation of care plan with the interventions would help to moderate her disease process and maintained her homeostasis of the

In year 2000 and 2010, an estimated 1 million hospitalizations for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), of which most of these hospitalizations were for those aged 65 and over, the share of CHF hospitalizations for those under age 65 increased from 23% to 29% over this time period (Hall, Levant, & DeFrances, 2012). According to Held (2009), acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) ensues when cardiac output fails to meet the demand of the body’s metabolic needs. The fluid volume overload makes the unstable condition necessitates instant treatment for the reason that it impairs perfusion to systemic organs, endangering their function.

As the population ages heart failure is expected to increase exceptionally. About twenty-two percent of men and forty-four percent of women will develop heart failure within six years of having a heart attack. “Thirty years ago patients would have died from their heart attacks!” (Couzens)