Acute Infection

During the second set of final clinical practice, I provided nursing care to the client with query sepsis and clostridium difficile as admitting diagnosis. The client had a history (Hx) of acute kidney infection (AKI) which led to dialysis. After resolving AKI, the patient went home, but soon returned to the hospital with severe diarrhea (5-6 episodes per day), confusion and symptoms of sepsis. Upon initial assessment, I found the patient oriented to name only, confused and lethargic, incontinent

was discovered by Bordet and Gengou as an acute respiratory tract infection. (1-2) The highly contagious B. pertussis is a strictly aerobic gram-negative coccobacillus that grows best between 35-37 ºC, and is transmitted through inhalation of aerosol droplets. It is one of ten known Bordetella species, and accounts for 50 million cases annually, in which 300,000 of them result in death. (1-3) Pathogenesis There are four stages in B. pertussis infection. The first stage is attachment. Filamentous

contributed to community bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The use of antibiotics for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) is controversial. The delayed antibiotic strategy has been advocated as a safety net for uncomplicated ARIs, in an effort to reduce antibiotic use. The authors conducted the study to evaluate the antibiotic usage, clinical outcomes, and patient satisfactions for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) of the delayed strategy compared to immediate and no antibiotic strategies. 1

lymphoid tissue during acute infection that is the site of virus production from infected cells, storage in immune complexes on the surface of the follicular dendritic cell (FDC) network, and persistence in a pool of latently infected resting memory CD4+ T cells 1-8. While combinations of antiretroviral drugs can suppress viral replication and reduce viral RNA to undetectable levels in plasma, virus production from this reservoir of latently infected cells rekindles HIV-1 infection if drug treatment is

TERMINOLOGY CLINICAL CLARIFICATION • Acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma in patients who were hospitalized for two or more days within 90 days prior to the infection; resided in a nursing home or long-term care facility; or received intravenous antibiotic therapy, chemotherapy, dialysis, or wound care within 30 days prior to the infection 1 o Also termed "healthcare-associated pneumonia" 1 CLASSIFICATION • By cause 1 o Bacterial- the most common type of healthcare-associated pneumonia o

Introduction (.5 pages) Seasonal influenza commonly referred to as the “flu” is an acute viral infection caused by the influenza virus that can have possibly devastating effects on a community (“Influenza (Seasonal),” 2014). Seasonal influenza viruses cause annual epidemics that peak during the winter but can begin as early as late fall and last through early spring (“Prevention and Control of Influenza,” 2008). Influenza infections in the US affect a large amount of the US population. On average in the United

A 34-year-old lady suspected of acute gastroenteritis was moaning with abdominal pain in the emergency department. My patient presented with a 3-day history of abdominal pain, nausea, and intractable vomiting. She also reported a 5-day history of fever, chills, and increased frequency of urination. My patient was treated for dehydration in the ER and transferred to the medical floor for further management of acute gastroenteritis. Based on the history and physical exam, I ordered a urinalysis and

Acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is the small period of time after a person has been exposed to HIV and before they have seroconverted. Seroconversion is the process in which the body starts to create antibodies to fight the HIV virus (Pietrangelo, 2013). During this period of time, which is usually a few days, the virus replicates rapidly. The rapid replication results in extremely high amounts of HIV in the blood because the body has not had time to respond to the infection. As

Herpes Zoster which is also known as “shingles”, is an “acute, cutaneous viral infection caused by the reactivation of varicella-zoster (herpes zoster)”. Statistics have proven that Herpes Zoster “will affect every one in three people in the United States, with approximately 1 million cases per year (physio)”. One could even say that the “virus causes the chicken pox to start up again in ones body (webmd)”. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), most of the people who

Alexis Aaron Case Study #3 Malnutrition Associated with Chronic Disease Chronic diseases are characterized as a condition lasting longer than three months and an acute illness is of a shorter duration. Malnutrition associated with chronic diseases can be due to the fact that many patients with chronic diseases are physically handicapped and unable to perform activities of daily living such as eating and driving themselves to the store. Chronic diseases that could physically cause malnutrition like