Acute Pericarditis Research Paper

Systolic heart failure is characterized by enlarged ventricles that are unable to fully contract to pump enough blood into circulation to adequately perfuse tissues. The enlargement in ventricles is due to an increased end-systolic volume. If the heart is not able to sufficiently pump the expected volume of blood with each contraction, which in a normal healthy heart is 50-60%, there will be a residual volume left in the heart after every pump (Heart Healthy Women, 2012). With the next period of filling, the heart will receive the same amount of blood volume from the atria combined with that residual volume from the previous contraction. This causes the ventricles to have to dilate to accommodate this increase in volume. The dilation causes the walls of the ventricles to stretch and become thin and weak. Also the myocardium, the muscle layer of the heart, will stretch and not be able to adequately make a full and forceful enough contraction to push blood from the ventricles (Lehne, 2010).

It is important to contact a doctor immediately if these symptoms occur due to the severity of the illness.

*Both sides of the heart are doing this at the same exact time and contracting/relaxing is what pumps the blood from one place to the other.

Congestive Cardiac Failure or CCF is a common name among heart disease patients. It occurs when your heart can’t pump enough blood. The symptoms is in most cases is inability or breath freely, swollen legs and problems doing exercise.

Infective endocarditis has been around for many centuries. A man named Lazaire Riviere, while performing an autopsy, first discovered infective endocarditis in 1674 (Brusch, 2015). Since the first findings documented were after death, there was still much research to do in this area of cardiovascular science. William Olser was the first person to compile an in-depth explanation of infective endocarditis in English in the year of 1885. Furthermore, in 1966, the first modern-times symposium of infective endocarditis was developed as a series of journal articles by authors Lerner and Weinstein, which was published in the New England Journal of Medicine (Brusch, 2015). Although the understanding and research of this disease is well understood

This patient is a 73-year-old female who required inpatient hospitalization due to end stage renal disease secondary to persistent bacteremia and other underlying conditions. She was admitted to Truman Medical Hospital for further treatment and evaluation due to complaints of severe bilateral flank pain for three days that worsened with movement. She also reported shortness of breath and had been constipated for 3-4 days.

There are several medications that the doctor can prescribe to you for PPCM. It depends on how sever the condition is. A heart can still live for a long time with damage. If it is beyond damaged patient will be put on heart transplant list. In some cases, doctors may implant a heart balloon heart pump. The medication taken are beta blockers, digitalis, and diuretics. Low salt diet may be needed to manage blood pressure. Beta blockers are used to cause the heart to beat more slowly to help the heart to recover in time. The beta blockers may cause dizziness, weakness, fatigue, dry mouth, headache, diarrhea, and constipation in some cases. Digitalis side effects are nausea, vomiting, feeling weak, headache, anxiety, and mild skin rash. Diuretics most common effects are too little potassium in the blood, low sodium level, headache, thirst, increased blood sugar, and muscle

Pericarditis is an inflammatory disease that occurs around the heart. A major cause of this inflammation is infection such as viruses, bacteria, anaerobes, and fungi. Other causes include myocardial infarction, trauma, medications, and autoimmune disorders.1,2 This disease occurs at primarily in twenty to fifty-year old males.3 Patients with immunocompromised diseases and AIDS are at higher risk for acute pericarditis.1 About 15 to 30 percent of patients with an initial attack of acute pericarditis will develop recurrent pericarditis.3,4 Without appropriate treatment, this disease can lead to death.1

Necropsy studies of patients with right-sided infective endocarditis and of opiate addicts have shown that vegetation was ten times more common in the tricuspid valve than in the pulmonary valve. The involved valves were nearly always anatomically normal before the onset of the cardiac infection.the survival of patients with congenital heart disease has increased the number and age of the population susceptible to infective endocarditis. Formerly, the patients most susceptible to infective endocarditis were those with tetralogy of Fallot, patent ductus arteriosus and ventricular septal defect. Congenital and acquired valve deformities play an important role in the pathogenesis of the infection and are responsible for the increase of infective endocarditis in adults [3]. Vegetations usually develop on the low-pressure side of the defect with endocardial trauma, and downstream from the site of the lesions.In patients with patent ductus arteriosus, the vegetations first develop at the pulmonary end of

So for patients that suffer from heart failure, the usual treatment works: beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers, and diuretics if needed (Al-Akchar et al., 2017). For those that suffer from autoimmune or granulomatous inflammatory diseases, immunosuppressive therapy seems to work (Al-Akchar et al., 2017). For those that suffer from viral-induced myocarditis the most effective treatment is to use

Pericardial effusion appears as anechoic stripe that is surrounding heart (Fig.26). Smaller effusions appear as a thin stripe in the pericardial space, frequently not spreading fully around the heart and often layering out posteriorly with gravity

Myocarditis is the term used when inflammation is present in the middle layer of the heart wall. The most common cause is a viral infection related to an upper respiratory infection. It can also be the result of exposure to environmental toxins, autoimmune disorders, and harmful reactions to medications. Although the chances are relatively low (about ten to fifteen percent), myocarditis has been known to be a recurrent condition, and there is no way to prevent this from happening.

Heart disease is prevalent globally, to the extent where almost everyone knows someone, in their family or in their friend circle, who has heart disease or is dealing with the sickness. Myocarditis is a variation thereof and is an inflammatory disease of the heart caused by a variety of agents, including viral infections, autoimmune disorders, other diseases, and drugs (32). If the inflammation is not resolved quickly, heart failure may result due to cell death and loss of myocytes (muscle cells) required to help pump blood (33). Much research has been done about myocarditis, but it is still difficult to pinpoint one cause of the disorder, which in turn translates into a lack of knowledge on how to treat the disease (34).

Percuss at the anterior axillary line and continue toward the sternum along the fifth intercostal space. The sound changes from resonance to dullness over the left border of the heart, normally at the midclavicular line. Percussing is used to help locate cardiac borders. It is important to know that the right border of the heart is usually aligned with the sternum and can't be

The band of soft tissue that acts as the junction between the epithelium of the pastern and the coronary band is the periople, which produces the outer layer of the hoof wall