Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

This movie called My Sister’s keeper is a film that is all about a couple’s life that has a daughter named Kate. Kate was diagnosed with promyelocytic leukemia. Promyelocytic leukemia (PL) is a malignancy of the bone marrow in which there is a lack or insufficiency of mature blood cells in the myeloid line of cells and an excess of immature cells called promyelocytes. PL is due to a translocation (an exchange of chromosome material) between chromosomes 15 and 17 which is symbolized t(15; 17). This translocation is not a mere marker of PL. It is the cause of PL (MedicineNet, n.d.). Gordon’s functional health assessment pattern was use in this presentation. The patient’s culture, geographic, religious, ethnic or spiritual and sexual concerns

Atticus says to Jem that he wants his son “To see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand”. Courage is simply defined as having strength and power when faced with any problem that's frightening. Courageous people show characteristics such as being fearless, daring and bold. Courageousness is expressed greatly throughout “To Kill A Mockingbird” by Atticus and his kids. Although they did show a lot of courage by standing up to those who sought to bring down the Finch name, others in the novel showed courage as well such as Arthur “Boo” Radley, Tom Robinson, and Mrs. Dubose. Atticus was greatly put down by the people of Maycomb because he was defending a black man, Tom Robinson, which

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, also called acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphoid leukemia, or ALL; is the most common cancer in childhood. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia has a higher rate of affecting Caucasians than African Americans and is more commonly diagnosed in males. Studies have found that genetics may predispose children to develop leukemia. Several studies have been conducted trying to link environmental factors, such as: exposure to pesticides and herbicides; maternal use of alcohol, cigarettes, and contraceptives; and chemical contamination of groundwater to the diagnosis of leukemia, but currently no definitively link to childhood has been established. [3]

Leukemia is cancerous disease that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of blood cells to be produced and enter the blood-stream (National Cancer Institute, 2008, para. 1). It is one of many complicated cancer diseases that affect all ages and have very negative outcomes if not treated properly, and on time. Within the disease are several different types that affect according to how quickly the disease develops and attacks the body. It could be classified as chronic leukemia, which has a slow progress of getting worse or acute leukemia which usually gets worse quickly. The types of leukemia also can be grouped based on the white blood cell that is affected (National Cancer Institute , 2008, p. 1).

1. The Washington Post states that this new form of therapy actually uses the patient’s own white blood cells, they are extracted from the patient, altered and ‘programed’ to go after Leukemia cells within the body. (McGinley, Laurie and

Recent studies have demonstrated that relapse is associated with the acquisitions of identifiable mutations that were not present before therapy (Estey 2000). Whereas some of these patients have achieved very long remissions with non transplantation therapies, the only consistently curative therapy for relapsed AML is allogenic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT).

he name of this genetic disorder is called acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). This disorder causes an overgrowth in the promyelocytes, A promyelocytes is the cells in your bone marrow. This leads to a shortage of red and white blood cells and platelets in the body. In this disorder the Chromosome 13 is lost completely, There is no translocation between 7 and 15, 11,15 and 17, and 9 and 18. The mutation that causes this is the PML gene on Chromosome 15 and the RARA gene on Chromosome 17. This is a dominant trait. Some symptoms people feel in the body are fatigue, a fever, loss of appetite, and they bruise very easily because they don't have enough of the red blood cells to sustain the bruise well enough. Some people also experience bleeding,

The disease disrupts the normal balance of the cells in his blood ultimately making it an issue for his body to operate properly. Tiredness is one of the symptoms that can be displayed. I would witness him running or doing a physical activity during PT and gradually see a decrease in his output not knowing exactly why. It can affect the body in a multitude of ways and normally doesn’t provide any symptoms upfront. It usually starts in the bone marrow but can move into the blood fairly quick and spread to other organs within the body. He had early symptoms that could be classified as general symptoms which include things like feeling tired or weak, shortness of breath, fever, and infections that won’t go away. Swelling in the abdomen can be a very concerning issue, as it may possibly have spread to the liver and spleen. His lymph nodes will eventually enlarge maybe during the time testing is being conducted until they conclude what specific type of leukemia he has. Something he experienced a lot for the past month is joint pain. He had complained several times about his hips hurting extremely bad causing excruciating pain while running which he and I both felt was kind of awkward. The biggest symptom that he had which made medical personnel extremely concerned was his difficulty breathing with no history of asthma in his family. That prompted blood work immediately to further

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL), also known as lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma in the WHO classification, is a malignant expansion of immature lymphoid cells that results from multi-step genetic changes in a single lymphoid progenitor cell. Its incidence peaks between the ages of 2 and 4 years(1(.

Navigating the criminal justice can be a difficult process for offenders, witnesses, and victims. Moreover, the hardest process of the whole system is the laws. Laws are designed to both protect offenders from injusticely actions and protecting the victims as well as the public. Therefore, depending on the crime, situations, and laws applied could be a complex outcome for all parties that are involved in the proceedings. As a result, it’s two understandings about the called “Law on the Books” and “Law in Action” which these two concepts are understanding what the law says and how the law work in real life.

Knowing the background of how blood differentiates and what is composed of, we now have a clear understanding between types of leukemia and what cells are affected:

Chemotherapy is the main way of treating AML.It is divided into three phase, Induction chemotherapy, Post-remission chemotherapy and Consolidation chemotherapy.Alone a chemotherapy is not that much effective so a Stem cell transplantation or a Bone marrow Transplantation is recommended (only if the patients is able to tolerate a transplantation) in most of the times. Allogeneic (ALLO) stem cell transplantation (i.e. using donated stem cell)is done in case of patients suffering from AML[17]. This induction chemotherapy is given with (except in case of M3 subtype of AML) cytarabine (ara-C) and an anthracycline [18]. The induction Chemotherapy routine is also denoted by “7+3” because the cytarabine is given to the patients continuous IV infusions for 7 days consecutively and as

Leukemia cells are abnormal; they cannot help the body fight off any infections. Leukemia takes down your immune system very fast. With this in affect people who have leukemia do get many infections. The patient may also have too few healthy red blood cells and platelets. In acute leukemia the patient develops symptoms suddenly, and are diagnosed when they go to the doctor because they feel sick. In chronic leukemia, symptoms may not appear for a long time. When the symptoms do appear they are mild at first but gradually get worse. Some of the common symptoms are fever, flu-like symptoms, weakness, infections, loss of weight and appetite, easy bleeding/bruising, tiny red spots underneath skin, sweating mainly at night, and bone or joint pain.

Picture yourself at a check-up appointment with your oncologist. You are told the chemotherapy is not responding. You feel weaker each day. You cannot see straight, you feel dizzy, and you pray that you will find a match for a bone marrow transplant. This is the reality that AML patients face. AML poses the greatest risk to cancer survivors who develop this disease following treatment for a previous cancer—for these patients, it is the next hurdle in their lives (Cancer Research UK). When chemotherapy does not work and bone marrow transplant matches cannot be found, patients realize that they do not have much time left in this world. New treatments are desperately needed for AML, but many just assume that donating money to the American

Special education in a public school setting must have efficient collaboration amongst the entire team who are involved with the child. The collaboration can consist of the parents, regular education teacher, special education teacher, principle, counselor, Diagnostician, bus driver, Physical Therapist, Occupational Therapist, Speech Therapist, Audiologist, nurse, physical education teacher, vision teacher, assistive technology specialist, and cafeteria workers. Effective collaboration amongst the team members is important so everyone is on the same page for effective and consistent programing. Serving special needs students in the schools has been identified as a strong need for many years. In the book, “Providing Physical Therapy Services”, Irene R. McEwen PT speaks about the history of the laws regarding special education. In November 1975, the United States congress passed public law 94-142. This law was the climax of many laws and court cases from the 1960s to the early 1970s. The law helped define the rights of children and adults with disabilities. Part B of the Education for All Handicap Children Act (EHA) guaranteed the right for all children to a free and appropriate education. There have been provisions to help clarify the law which includes; (1) the concept of “zero reject”; (2) the concept of lease restrictive environment; (3) development of individualized education programs; (4) provisions of related services; (5) and the right of parents to request a due