Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ( Ards )

Premature babies typically have underdeveloped respiratory systems and problems maintaining body heat, so they may be kept on a respirator or in an incubator. Although the neonatal period is the first month after birth, these nurses often care for children up to age 2 who have long-term medical issues. While their primary focus is the health of the babies, neonatal nurses obviously will spend a lot of time with anxious parents who are visiting their children in the NICU and must be able to calmly and clearly explain the babies illnesses and treatment, as well as involve the parents in their

The APN leader interviewed for this paper is a Board Certified Nurse Practitioner (CNP), Chery Arnett works in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit for Memorial Hospital of Carbondale. She began as a registered nurse in 1981, then in 2001earned her CNP title. She manages and cares for the ill neonate, collaborates with Neonatologist and Pediatricians to improve overall health outcomes. She provides support and assists ventilation, assists with deliveries both “normal” and high risk infants, provides care for the healthy newborns, also providing guidance to parents for caring for the “neonate” or healthy newborns. She is also responsible for assessments, orders, treatment plans, medications, and discharge of the infant. CNP’s provide initial, ongoing and comprehensive care, including managing patients with acute and chronic illness and diseases for both premature infants and term infants.

As neonatologists routinely coordinate the care of their patients with several other healthcare specialists such as obstetricians, attending physicians, pediatricians, nurse practitioners, and even family physicians regarding treatment and care options for conditions affecting newborns, it is imperative that neonatology medical coders be adept at researching,

According to the American Lung Association, “Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a rapidly progressive disease occurring in critically ill patients.” ARDS is an extreme manifestation of a lung injury that can be associated with an acute medical problem. This occurs as a result of direct or indirect trauma to the lungs. With nearly 200,000 cases in the United States each year, ARDS is not extremely common (“Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome”). Most people who acquire this disease are critically ill patients within the hospital. The most common predisposing medical problems of ARDS consist of: shock, trauma, pulmonary infections, sepsis, aspiration, and cardiopulmonary bypass (Ignatavicious, 2013). ARDS is a severe syndrome and even with prompt and aggressive medical treatment, almost fifty percent of those diagnosed do not survive. Those who survive have a longer hospital stay along with recurring hospital admissions throughout their lifetime (“Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome”). Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a rapidly progressive disease which requires thorough assessment, rapid diagnosis, and emergency treatment measures in order to successfully respond to the disease process.

One prospective randomized trial compared the effectiveness of ECLS with conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) in full-term newborns with severe respiratory insufficiency. This was a randomized prospective study performed by O’Rourke (1989) which demonstrated a significant difference in survival between neonates managed with ECLS (97%) and those managed by conventional means (60%). Other studies have demonstrated a significant increase in survival among pediatric respiratory failure patients managed with ECMO when compared to matched patients managed with CMV.

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a breathing disorder that affects newborns. RDS rarely occurs in full-term infants. The disorder is more common in premature infants born about 6 weeks or more before their due dates. It usually develops in the first 24 hours after birth. RDS is more common in premature infants because their lungs aren't able to make enough surfactant. Surfactant is a liquid that is produced from the alveolar type two cells and coat the inside of the lungs. It breaks up the surface tension found within in the alveoli. Without enough surfactant, the alveoli will stick together and the lungs will collapse, which means the infant has to work much harder to be able to breathe. He or she might not be able to breathe in enough oxygen to support the body's organs. The lack of oxygen can damage the baby's brain and other organs if proper treatment isn't given. According to an article titled “What is the Respiratory Distress Syndrome” by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institution, states that “In fact, nearly all infants born before 28 weeks of pregnancy develop RDS (2012, p. 1).” This paper will discuss the pathophysiologic problems,

Understanding acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a critical aspect of managing a patients ventilatory needs. The definition of ARDS is “the

There are many diseases all around the world that affect our loved ones. One in particular that is common among many hospitals is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, also known as ARDS. Originally it was called Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome but realized that was not accurate because it not only affects adults but children also. ARDS is defined as "the acute onset of respiratory failure, bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph, hypoxemia as defined by a PaO2/FiO2 ratio ≤200 mmHg, and no evidence of left atrial hypertension or a pulmonary capillary pressure (Fanelli et al., 2013) It can also include cyanosis, tachypnea, dyspnea, reduced respiratory compliance and an arterial blood gas showing respiratory alkalosis with evidence of hypoxemia. Out of the many pulmonary disorders out there, ARDS is one of the most difficult diseases to manage and has a high mortality rate that comes with it.

ARDS occurs due to build up of fluid in the Alveoli causing a lack of oxygen to the bloodstream which leads to the vital organs being deprived of oxygen. For correcting lack of oxygen I would recommend mechanical ventilation using low tidal volume as well as an antibiotic to be administered as soon as possible and a conservative fluid management( in order to not overload causing further lung edema which will

The fast action is to start oxygen and bronchodilators. Give both albuterol and ipratropium bromide. Also, stick to nebulizers for patients.

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is an important disease due to a paucity of surfactant and structural immaturity of the lungs in premature neonates. Because the lower gestational age increases the risk of RDS, it is generally seen in the preterm infants. RDS in neonates is managed with the intention to supply interventions that enhance survival as well as lessen potential complications, such as the risk of bronco- pulmonary dysplasia (BPD)

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), “is a developmental deficiency in surfactant synthesis accompanied by lung immaturity and hypoperfusion” (Blackburn, 2013, p. 342). Based on the above scenario, there are so many factors that could lead to surfactant deficiency and I would like to discuss on three factors like preterm birth, poorly controlled diabetes, and cesarean section as the reasons for RDS.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS happens when the alveoli in the lungs builds up fluid. Consequently, the buildup of fluid in the alveolar sacs starts to deprive your body of oxygen. The less oxygen that is circulating through your body will result in your vital organs not getting an adequate amount of oxygen to function properly. Normally, individuals who develop ARDS already have some type of critical illness. The normal causes of ARDS differ subsequently, separating them into two separate categories: direct or indirect injuries to the lung. Some of the direct injuries include pneumonia, aspiration, and smoke inhalation from a house fire. Some of the indirect injuries would include sepsis, inflammation of the pancreas, and blood transfusions.

Going home is just the beginning of taking care of this very special individual. Some may go home without any worries and then there are some that are still having trouble with breathing. This is called apnea and when a baby has apnea they are monitored continuously until the baby’s lungs regulate the breathing. Some are sent home with oxygen to assist them with their breathing and some are sent home on monitors to make sure they are breathing correctly.

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common lung disorder that mostly affects preterm infants. RDS is caused by insufficient surfactant production and structural immaturity of the lungs leading to alveolar collapse. Clinically, RDS presents soon after birth with tachypnea, nasal flaring, grunting, retractions, hypercapnia, and/or an oxygen need. The usual course is clinical worsening followed by recovery in 3 to 5 days as adequate surfactant production occurs. Research in the prevention and treatment of this disease has led to major improvements in the care of preterm infants with RDS and increased survival. However, RDS remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality especially in the most preterm infants. This chapter reviews the most current evidence-based management of RDS, including prevention, delivery room stabilization, respiratory management, and supportive care.