Adivasi In India

Environmentalist Aldo Leopold once wrote, “ We abuse land because we regard it as a commodity belonging to us. When we see land as a community to which we belong, we may begin to use it with love and respect.” This refers to us that land gives the power to stay safe and secure; we should also love our land. Although we practise to use it as we trait for it, but there would have been no action without land. We deal with the land as per our own way. Notably, indigenous people around the world often have very different sets of beliefs and traditions, a special bond with the land is a common factor. Indians tribe Mandan respect their the cultural hero. Whereas Momaday's return back to home reminds him of his grandmother's identity on that land.

Religion was a very big part in many Indians life. Almost every part of Indian life is related to religion, the land is sacred, and religion plays a part in what can be done with it,

As a first generation Indian-American, I am no stranger to being a part of a distinct community while observing two unique cultures. Traveling to India exposed me to a dynamic population with rich diversity comprising of numerous languages and differing religions. Though these individuals may have had differing customs from their neighbors, there were similar ambitions to conquer grinding poverty. This poverty can be clearly noticed by seeing citizens sleeping on floors of a railway station, or the lack of air conditioning in searing hot weather. The frailty and mortality of the human condition was starkly visible in India. As a fellow human, I was humbled not only by the lack of privilege and opportunity of many citizens, but also by their

“The Inconvenient Indian” speaks to a general audience and particularly to US and Canada. The book is organized into chapters and each chapter refers to a variety of themes. Some of these themes are history, culture, politics, and laws. By incorporating all these themes,

William Cronon states that “Kinship and personality rather than any alternative institutional structure organized power in Indian communities. Both within and between villages, elaborate kin networks endowed individuals with greater or lesser degrees of power” (Cronon, 59). Instead of working hard to make a profit on commodities by buying and selling to consumers, the Northeastern Indians would take

The caste system has been extremely stable in India for over two thousand years. It is only since the more modern, independent state of India was formed that the system has come under any scrutiny at all. It is presently outlawed, but many of the practices, attitudes and traditions remain ingrained in Hindu society (University of Wyoming, 1997).

many Indians, they must either cling to their tribe and its locality, or take great chances of

Attaching great importance to individuality is the third characteristic of market society. For people living in market society, economic advantages are superior to other advantages; the first thing to protect is their individual wealth. This ideological change results from the material condition in market society that people all become single individuals in the factories producing goods for making more money for themselves. In this case, the economic relations rule the social relations (Rinehart 71). Under the structure of the previous social organization, however, “man’s economy... is submerged in his social relationships” (Polanyi 46). People were always concerned about their social relations within their communities (Polanyi 46). They acted so as to maintain their social values (Polanyi 46). The reason for this when it comes to the case of tribal society is that there is no need for people to care much about “individual’s economic interest” because working for the communities enables

Live Indians were seen as problematic because they refused to die out and they were not wanted in society (61).

Indigenous are tribal people who identify themselves as indigenous people. They inhabited a region in a country, generations to generations, which is surrounded by national resources. Their social, cultural and economic conditions distinguish them from countrywide communities, and their customs or traditions, special laws or policy are governed by their own set of regulations, entirely or partly. They are determined to maintain and further develop their identity and distinct social, economic, cultural and political institutions as distinct peoples and community, (“UNITED NATIONS PERMANENT FORUM ON INDIGENOUS,” 2008, p. 7-9).

Atkinsons (2005) states that within Indigenous communities,Land and Country are interchangeably used to illustrate as “a resource,which behaves as a living being,and a life support system for humans”. Indigenous model of health revolves around a number of components such as nourishments, stress reduction, interaction with the land with a higher emphasize being placed on traditional land, personal identification and culture playing a significant role contributing towards a balanced health outcome (‘Yotti’ Kingsley, Townsend, Phillips & Aldous, 2009). As highlighted in Lutschini, 2005, association of native individuals to their country, sense of group and family is essential to the experience of wellbeing. As identified in literature, land plays a crucial and central figure in Indigenous identity encompassing physical,spiritual,cultural and emotional bonds (Richmond, Elliott, Matthews & Elliott, 2005). Throughout centuries through to present

In addition to the loss of culture and language for indigenous people, they are also experiencing the loss of their traditional lands and native environment. For indigenous people, much personal and group meaning comes from the natural environment and as a result, their religious practices are deeply rooted in the environment in which they live. When the environment that they rely on is taken away for development, both their cultural and religious identity suffers.

Each individual makes up the society as it is, and various characteristics and beliefs makes up an individual. Although, individual lives together with a variety of personal ideologies, emotions, cultures, and rituals, they all differentiate one person from the other making up one’s own identity. This identity makes up who one is inside and out, their behaviour, actions, and words comes from their own practices and values. However, the profound history of Indigenous people raises question in the present about their identities. Who are they really? Do we as the non-native people judge them from the outside or the inside? Regardless of whether the society or the government were involved in their lives, they faced discrimination in every

generations. They are deemed to be the only conveyors of Indian rituals and culture. Some

A few disadvantages of India’s social system are that Religion, caste, and language are major determinants of social organizations. According to the US Department of State-Background Notes website, even though the government has declared the caste system as illegal, it still has a presence in occupational and societal hierarchies (The Office of Electronic Information, Bureau of Public Affairs, 2010).