Administrative Process in Nursing

are treated in accordance with Theory Y, they will be motivated and committed to the organisational

Theory X & Y was officially expounded (and named) by Douglas McGregor, a social psychologist at MIT in the 1960s. His idea was that there are two fundamentally different styles of management. Theory X is an authoritarian concept where one assumes that individuals work reluctantly, without motivation. On the other hand, Theory Y is a libertarian concept where one assumes that people will perform beyond their duties if they are motivated and are dedicated to the overall goals set forth for them.

As a Lead human resources specialist with District of Columbia Public Schools who has to be tough using Theory X,Y. Other managers are involve with program planning and policy development who might use Theory Z to promote higher salaries for the employees then low salaries to hire the best applicants who make a commitment to work objectives (Douglas mcgregor).

|Physiological |2. mother has been observed |perineum secondary |during my shift, and |2. Instruct mother on the importance | |bathroom breaks, and |

SW is a 65 year old white female who is 5’8” tall and who weighs 155 lbs. Her IBW is 140 lbs. and she has an IBW % of 110.71. She went to emergency department on February 1, 2015 complaining of shortness of breath and coughing since November, 2014. Her medical diagnosis includes multi-drug resistant organism, diabetes, COPD, and lung cancer. Her laboratory result shows that she has an elevated WBC of 17.4 on February 2nd and it increased to a critical level of 32.2 the next day. An elevated WBC usually means an infection is happening in the body. Her RBC is elevated at 6.19 which could mean hemoconcentration or it could be due to her COPD. Her decreased MCH of 25.0 & 24.8, her Neutrophils of 13.8 and her elevated RDW of 18.2 & 18.4 could mean that she’s having some iron deficiency anemia. Her laboratory also shows that her albumin is low which can be from prolonged immobilization, decreased nutritional status or worse it could be due to her lung cancer. Her low Sodium of 132 and Chloride at 93 may be due to her diet or medication side effects. Her serum glucose at 118 is elevated which can be from her diabetes or from stress of being in the hospital. Her Platelet count of 405 is normal and her BUN of 5 is also within range. Her arterial blood gas is showing compensated imbalances. Her pH is 7.35 which is normal on the low side. Her PaCo2 is 65.2 which is very elevated, her PaO2 is 66.4 which is very low, her HCO3 is also very elevated at 35.3.

1. Compare and contrast at least two leadership and management styles. How does your answer help create an ethical environment?

The role of nurse administrators has changed from a patient care focus to a wider range in responsibility for the patient. There are chief themes in all scopes of this position such as: “collaboration, coaching, mentoring, diversity, co-creating, communicating and coordinating outcomes management, and enabling the spirit of the community” ("Nurse Executive," n.d.).

Identify factors that will influence your choice of leadership styles or behaviours in your workplace.

As a nurse, I would prioritize by who is at risk for an emergent situation. I would prioritize the following:

AC 1.1 -Describe the factors that will influence the choice of leadership styles or behaviours in workplace situations. ( 24 Marks)

Theory Y, adopts the participative management style, which operates on the idea that people are inherently motivated to work if they find the job fulfilling

As stated earlier, only when the basic needs are met, then a person will be motivated to pursue the next level. McGregor stated that because most workers have basic physical and safety needs met, he/she will only be motivated to satisfy higher needs, such as esteem and self actualization. Therefore, management must be able to provide workers with opportunities to satisfy their higher needs or they will not be motivated to perform their organizational duties (Barnett). Because Theory X fails to satisfy the higher needs of the worker, a different set of assumptions need to be made to account for them, thus McGregor developed an alternative he called Theory Y.

On the other hand, here comes to the theory Y. On the contrary, it based on positive assumptions, and also more positive view of workers and the possibilities that create. For instance, they assumed that employees are ambitious, self-motivated and anxious to accept greater responsibility. Employees exercise self-control, self-direction, autonomy and empowerment, also exercise creativity and become forward looking. So, once the managers are adopted this theory, they believes that people want to do well at work, have a pool of unused creativity and that the satisfaction of doing a job

According to Kreitner and Kinicki (2013) McGregor contrasted two views on human nature by insisting that Theory Y assumes that people are more positive at work, and believed managers could accomplish more by viewing employees as such (p.9). The other outdated theory, is Theory X, which is a more negative and pessimistic assumption about workers.

McGregor (1960a) assumed workers refer to Theory X are lazy, hate to work, responsibility aversion and more concern about lower levels of human needs rather than pursuing self-achievement. McGregor (1960a) suggests that managers should supervise and control the workers in order to adjust their behaviour and neutralise heir negative attitudes toward work, even punish and push them to achieve a minimal level of performance. Punishment is necessary because of the nature of inherently lazy. Managers would find encouraging them to perform better by reward maybe only valid in a short-term as lazy workers eventually submit adequate effort as they do not pursuit self-actualisation (McGregor 1960a). in a word, managers centralise the decision making power, set rules, SOPs and procedures to guide workers what they should process and monitor the process in order to safeguard the minimal requirement of performance is achieved