Advantage And Disadvantage Of Plastics

The two pie charts compare the respective categories of US household garbage in 1990 and 2005. Overall, most of household garbage was the paper in both years while the percentage of plastics in 2005 rose by 10% compared to in 1990.

For bio-composite, is a composite material formed by a “matrix” and “reinforcement” of natural fibers. These materials are often mimic the structure of the living materials involved in the process keeping the strengthening properties of

I found this chapter to be the most interesting so far, it fueled my concerns regarding the excessive use of plastic. Some of the statistics Feinkel shares are frightening, such as chemist Raymond Giguere’s, comparison of a year’s production of polyethylene equaling the mass of all the men, women and children in the United States. (62) This is alarming as we cannot continue to produce these materials on such a mass scale without considering the implications it has on our planet. Some forms of polyethylene take hundreds of years to degrade, this means the mess we make now will be left for generations to come to clean up. I have actually made a stand in my house, as the Mum of two young boys I no longer buy them those cheap, plastic toys that

Therefore, there is strong pressure from the government and those consider about the environment to use non halogen flame retardants because of the health and environment concerns6. For example, many organohalogen compounds, especially flame retardant epoxy resins containing bromine or chlorine, can produce a super toxic halogenated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans that leads to damage to human health6,9. In fact, the combustion of halogen compounds produces toxic smoke, which is potentially harmful to humans and animals. Therefore, most fire deaths and injuries result from inhaling carbon monoxide. The incorporation of organohalogens makes the yield of toxic smoke of products increase during combustion10. Therefore, a significant flame retardants should be invent to make the most an efficient way of obtaining the environmentally friendly flame- retardant system.

As I had mentioned earlier, in case of fire, these chemicals job is to prevent the spread of fire. Fire retardants are a group of man-made chemicals called Polybrominated diphenyl ethers or PBDE (Carpenter 1). The three common formulations of PBDE contain different amounts of atoms of the molecule bromine: penta for five bromines, octa for eight, and deca for ten (1). Although a recent ruling out of penta and octa by the manufacturers themselves have occurred, deca, however, remains to be a big threat because this form can be broken down into more toxic forms such as penta and octa (1). PBDE possess properties such as high lipophilicity, chemical persistence, and high bioaccumulation capacity through the food chain (Rocha-Gutiérrez 1). In other words, it has the ability to combine or dissolve with fats or lipids, is resistant to chemical degradation, and has a high capacity for absorbing possible toxic

One might compare the use of genetic modification to having plastic surgery. Those who were severely burned in fires, born with a cleft palate, or women who have undergone a mastectomy are often candidates for plastic surgery and rightly so, but many others undergo plastic surgery merely to “fit” into society’s idealized concept of perfection. The same goes for the use of genetic modification; there are good reasons for its use as well as bad reasons. The use of genetic modification to create genetically modified children in order to help infertile women conceive is a worthy cause; however, the use of this new technology could lead down a slippery slope.

Polyester is an essential synthetic compound which can be broken into poly and ester. The name "polyester" refers to the relation of numerous monomers (esters) contained by the fiber. Polyester yarns are steady, high sturdy and has good quality of moisture management properties with greater wicking. In addition, it dissipates moisture more rapidly and provides comfort to the wearer.

Oxidizer and binder decomposition play very significant role during the combustion of composite propellants. Inorganic oxidant and polymeric binder are the major components of their formulations and AP is the practical (still in use) oxidizer in the composite propellant formulations [26].

Composite materials are the engineering materials made from two or more constituent materials they remain separate and distinct on a macroscopic level but forming a single component or Composites can defined as materials that consist of two more chemically and physically different phases separated by a distinct interface(matrix phase and dispersed phase). The different systems are combined judiciously to achieve a component with more and more useful structural or functional properties non-attainable by any of the constituent alone. Matrix phase is the primary phase having a continuous character. Matrix is usually more ductile and less hard phase. It holds the dispersed phase and shares a load with it. Dispersed (reinforcing) phase is embedded in the matrix in a discontinuous form. This secondary phase is called the dispersed phase. Dispersed phase is usually stronger than the matrix, therefore, it is sometimes called reinforcing phase.

n aeroplane is acted upon by a few forces in the sky: Lift, Drag, Thrust and Weight. It counters the force of gravity by using either static lift or by using the dynamic lift of an airfoil. A composite material is a material made from two or more constituent materials with differing physical or chemical properties that when joined together, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual material. The individual component remains separate and unique from the finished structure. There are a few types of currently available composite materials, and they include carbon fibre, fiber glass and fibre-reinforced matrix systems. Almost all new aircraft these days include some composite material into their designs. The most common composite material that is used in aircraft is fiberglass. Other composite materials used includes Kevlar, which is now replacing glass fibers. Composite materials had been used commonly since

People could get more benefits from plastic but every time people used it, they contribute in the destruction of the environment. Plastic material was made up of synthetic organic solids that are moldable. Due to plastic material relatively low cost, many manufacturers patronizing it because of expanding range of their products. Manufacturers displaced many materials that are used in the development of their products such as paper, wood, glass and water. Plastic was also used in packaging which is highly contributes in the development of the country. Even though people get benefits from plastic it has also many disadvantage. Plastic material is very harmful to health of humans and animals, it contributes in water pollution that can affect

Generally two phases of composite they are matrix phase and reinforcement phase or dispersed phase. Matrix is the primary phase, having a continuous character, and its usually more ductile and less hard phase, it hold the dispersed phase and shares a load with it another one is reinforced phase is embedded in the matrix in a discontinuous form. This secondary phase is dispersed phase .it usually stronger then the matrix therefore it is sometimes act reinforcement phase.

As we all know that nowadays garbage is to much, we can find them very easy; it can be find in the shore, river, air, and also in the oceans. The problem of garbage in this world is causes by producing of goods from the company to all people around the world and to package their product, the company uses plastics. In the other hand, the lack of the awareness of people also support the environmental damage. The use of plastic as the package and production material should be stopped or at least reduced because of the amount of plastic waste that always increase in every year and it caused the damaging of the environment.

Another approach to plastic recycling is to actively collect plastic from a large region, and to either recycle or resell the scrap. Vikoz Enterprises Inc. sends collection and transport vehicles to plants and areas across the U.S. and Canada. Because of their active effort to collect plastic, Vikoz is the largest plastic recycler in the U.S. and Canada (12)

There are many reasons why the human population decided to produce single-use, and recyclable plastics, but intentions of ruining our beautiful oceans was not one of them. Plastics were originally produced to protect some of the planet's most valued resources and elements, used to produce glass and metals. Plastics make a positive contribution to the conservation of valued natural materials (Moore, et.al). Plastics are useful, and everyone uses plastic every day. Although plastic was invented in 1898, they became extremely popular in the 1960’s when housewives figured out that they did not need to spend time washing dishes anymore, they could just use plastics! Back then plastics were