Advantages And Consequences Of BPA

Several environmental toxicants including heavy metals, solvents, pesticides and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) modulate the normal

The above research shows that endocrine disruptors may pose the greatest risk during prenatal and early postnatal development when organ and neural systems are developing. Additionally, the consequences in animals linked to early exposure may not be apparent until later in life, but EDC’s can affect subfertility, premature reproductive senescence, and cancer. These issues are our greatest concern, and alternative precautionary strategies must be adopted, which including seeking to eliminate or minimize unnecessary risks to the fetus, even in the absence of clear proof of harm. Some of these steps can be taken by individuals, such as lifestyle changes in women who are pregnant, and reducing exposures through the release of chemicals to the environment. However, clinicians and scientist must educate law officials and the public about the threats of endocrine disruptors in order to adverse the trends of disease and destruction throughout the

Bauer also states, “...and prostate gland of fetuses, infants and children. Additional research suggests a possible link between BPA and increased blood pressure” (What is BPA?). I propose that our society has adapted to the horrifying chemicals that are everywhere, except has been and always will be around us. Thus, my grandparents have been around this toxic chemical for far too long, and was slithering into their bodies the longer that they have been present--as it will for myself. Therefore, BPA and many other toxins could have played a role in leading my grandfather to having prostate cancer due to working in the construction business for so long, and my grandmother could have high blood pressure due to the handful of dental surgeries she has undergone throughout her life. Meanwhile, this list does not include that they both wear glasses which also contain very high concentrations of BPA to permit the glasses to not bending and breaking. Not only has it been a rocky road for my grandparents, it may be even worse for myself due to the fact that BPA mainly enters our bodies through our diets from canned and processed foods

Phthalates are used in almost every product, from foods to plastics (Fda, 2014). However, not all the health effects of this have been studied, and the ones that have been done, show that it is harmful. Why is it still around then? This essay will investigate the biochemical effects of phthalates as well as the advantages and disadvantages of its use to answer the following question: Should phthalates be allowed to be used in children’s toys? This paper, will be looking at the uses for phthalates, and then looking at the possible health effects that it may have. Then, it will be determined if the benefits out way the bad, or the other way around.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a monomer used to synthesize polycarbonates and epoxy resins for the manufacturing of products to which we are exposed in daily manners. BPA is considered a xenoestrogen because of its high affinity for estrogen receptors and related receptors, also, because it is known to have a disruptive effect on blastocyst implantation when ingested or injected in doses 10,000 times the effective dose of E2.

One way PCBs are detrimental to human health is the developmental effects that are seen in the offspring of women who were exposed to PCBs before or during pregnancy. These women in particular are at higher risk of giving birth to children that have major neurological and motor control problems, including lowered IQ and poor short-term memory. A group of children in Michigan whose mothers had been exposed to PCBs were found to have decreased birth weight and head size, lowered performance on standardized memory, psychomotor and behavioral tests, and lowered IQ (Jacobson and Jacobson 1996). Another group of women exposed to PCBs in upstate New York due to the nature of their jobs had shorter pregnancies and gave birth to children with lower birth weight. Research has also shown that women who consumed PCB-contaminated fish from Lake Ontario were found to have shortened menstrual cycles (Mendola et al 1997). PCBs are also thought to play a role in reduced sperm counts, altered sex organs, premature puberty, and changed sex ratios of

Human exposure to xenoestrogens, which imitate estrogen function in human bodies, would promote breast cancer cell development. According to Mitra et al., xenoestrogens are “chemicals in the form of polycarbonate plastics, food and cosmetic packaging, and even tin cans.” Presently banned DDT was once listed as a hypothetical carcinogen. As Dr. Mary Wolf says, “ women with higher concentration of DDT in their blood have a greater chance of getting breast cancer — up to a fourfold great chance” (Greene and Ratner). Regarding this, many scientists redid experiments comparing DDT concentrations in normal human breast tissue sample

Most individuals are not aware of the things that are bad for the body until a noticeable reaction occurs. With this in mind, endocrine disrupting chemicals are chemicals that interfere with our endocrine system causing a problem. Therefore, in this paper, I plan to inform you about three endocrine disruptors that are bad for the human body known as flame retardants, phytoestrogens and triclosan. I will contain information about the chemicals found, products that they are located in and the effect they have on animal and human tissue. Next, I will show a relationship between endocrinology and endocrine disrupting chemicals on affecting homeostasis and discuss my reaction to the information I learned and how I feel about it overall.

The authors of this paper performed a series of evaluations and observations expecting to identify the effect and mechanism of BPA on uterine leiomyoma (UL) cells. In this study UL cells were exposed to different concentrations of BPA to observe the cell, the protein expression was monitored for changes in expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)

During recent years, numerous newspaper and magazine articles have suggested that humans may be at risk because small amounts of well known environmental contaminants, such as dioxin, PCBs and DDT, can affect hormone levels. Hormones are produced by the endocrine system as regulators of biological function in target organs. Because hormones play a critical role in early development, toxicological effects on the endocrine system often have an impact on the reproductive system. The term endocrine disruptor is used to describe chemicals that can mimic hormones and may either enhance or counteract their effects. It has been suggested that these hormone changes can, in turn, lead to a variety of health problems

Most consumers are unaware of the chemicals they ingest on a daily basis. Some of these chemicals are added to ensure shelf life, taste, or texture. While others are ingested by eating animals that have come into contact with chemicals in their environment or their feed. While government agencies such as the Federal Drug Administration, Environmental Protection Agency and the United States Department of Agriculture state that these chemicals are harmless in small doses other research has proven otherwise. Using laboratory animals these chemicals have been shown to increase the development of cancer, chromosomal defects, leukemia, reproductive and neurological problems. This paper will focus on the common chemicals of Bisphenol-A

The F0 generation was treated during a premating period of 10 weeks and a mating period of 2 weeks. Only a significant decrease in serum T4 level in both the F0 and F1 generations were observed at a dose of 1000 mg/kg (ECB., 2012). Cope, et al. reported a two-generation reproduction study at oral doses of 10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg BW/day on reproductive, developmental and neurobehavioral study following oral exposure of TBBPA in SD rats (Cope et al., 2015). Consistent with other multi-generational studies, there were no marked effects on various reproductive parameters including time to vaginal opening and anogenital distance, sperm motility, concentration, morphology were observed in F1 or F2 generation. The only observed change was the decrease in T4 level in SD rats exposed to TBBPA at a dose of 1000 mg/kg.

The impact of certain estrogenic xenobiotics on the reproductive system development and health of animals has been clearly documented. Findings, such as ours demonstrate thathumans are also exposed at risk. As data accumulate regarding to infertility, genital tract malformations and increasing cancer rates in estrogen target tissues (especially the breast),

The endocrine system is a biological system of complex organisms that involves sending chemical signals from one gland to another part of the body through blood. The endocrine system involves the use of several chemicals produced in the body at different parts sent to other parts of the body to trigger function of that that organ. It is a well synchronized circus of chemicals in the body to communicate the needs from one organ to the another for the efficient functioning and reproduction of the organism. Scientifically, endocrinology is defined as a study of endocrine glands and their secretions [12]. The human body has a lot of hormones that are released into the blood. In the following paper, endocrinology will be mainly addressed from a toxicological perspective. The toxicological impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals, specifically, Bisphenol A (BPA) will be discussed, following an introduction of the general endocrine system and its normal physiology.

(A. Snyder, 2003) males that were exposed to these epidemiological hormones while still being a fetus had a decreased sperm quantity when compared to normal males, as well as having changes in their behaviors and developed prostate cancer as well as changes in neuroendocrinology. (A. Snyder, 2003) therefore, there were many concerns against human health raised by micropollutants, where perchlorate being a contaminant that is mainly found in aquatic systems, also affected the thyroid gland of individuals that were exposed to it, causing disease.( A. Snyder, 2003)