Advantages And Disadvantages Of An Analog Signal

In elecronic, broadcast, transportation, filters are used to select the desired signal, and deny or block unwanted signals. Or put in other words, they may be the only way we have to block.The doing so, we want to signal and other frequency or with a device, is frequency-selective - it behave different towards different frequencies. Such device is called a filter. (Bertrand, 2002)

Fig.7-a) Total harmonic distortion versus input currents at 1 MHz. b) Total harmonic distortion versus input currents at 100 MHz. c) Total harmonic distortion versus input currents at 1 GHz (various amplitudes of I_x signal and a fixed amplitude of I_y signal).

When the input is positive, the digital output bit-stream contains more P bits than N bits. There can be consecutive P bits, but each N bit is separated by at least one P bit. Thus, there are no adjacent N bits when the input is positive. Similarly, when the input is negative, the output bit-stream consists of single P bits separated by one or more N bits. A Delta Sigma bit-stream toggles equally between N bits and P bits when its analog value is 0. Delta Sigma modulation is a type of Pulse Density Modulation (PDM), which means the output digital bit-stream can be converted back to an analog value using a digital moving-average filter. Therefore, in a Delta Sigma modulated bit sequence ai, which has a total of W bits, if there are n bits having the value N, and p bits having the value P, then the analog value y of this bit sequence can be written

Sound waves: Changes in pressure caused by molecules of air or fluid colliding and moving apart again.

Noise Shaping Filter or Integrator: The noise shaping filter or integrator of a sigma delta converter distributes the converter quantization noise such that it is low in the band of interest.

A composite signal can be decomposed into individual sine waves called harmonies.Fourier analsis is done to decompose a signal.the decomposed signals have different amplitude,frequency and phase.A periodic signal has

The basic concept of the Digital Logic Families are needed to be understand first. Fan in, Fan out, Noise Margin, Propagation Delay, Voltage Threshold and Wire Delay are basic concepts out of which Fan out and Noise Margin is explained below.

Data is the form of input, which can be produced into information. For example, 5000 could be the value of a piece of data that a business has. By adding context to this, for example if an organisation sold 1000 sandwiches in a week; this becomes information, which will influence important decisions

Processing operations are preformed by the CPU in order to process data so that it becomes information. Two examples of processing would be the editing of images and the addition of sounds.

Filters can either emphasize or reduce some frequencies from a signal. There are different types of filters that can be used. There are different types of filters that can be used. There are also filters that can reject frequencies within a certain frequency band e.g. band bass or band reject.

among many other application. Amplitude is half the distance between the minimum and maximum values of the range of a periodic function with a bounded range. A graph that repeats after a fixed interval, which is

The loudness of a sound is created by the amplitude of a wave. The larger the amplitude of a wave, the louder the sound, and the smaller the amplitude of a wave, the softer the sound. This basically means that the larger the wave the louder the sound and the smaller the wave the quieter the sound. This is often seen when a person records sounds on a computer as taller lines representing louder sounds, shorter lines representing softer sounds and horizontal lines representing no sound at all.

Many audio measurements are made using weighting curves that attempt to skew the results in favor of the way we actually hear. For example, the signal-to-noise ratio of a microphone preamp might be listed as 108 dB A-weighted, or sometimes just 108 dB(A). This means that the noise was filtered before measurement to exclude the extreme lows and highs to approximately the same degree our ears do at 40 phons. The rationale is that if we listen to the device at that level, then we will perceive the noise floor to be

Databases allow us to easily store and retrieve data in a purely digital format. The strength of this is that large amounts of data can be stored and retrieved with minimal effort on the part of the user. Opposed to manually flipping through files, one can quickly pull up the requested data through a computer program. Many systems that were conventionally paper and file based have been converted to a digital format which are now stored in one or more databases.

Digital Section Level: This refers to the exchanges or signal transfer points in a network that are involved in switching data streams.