Advantages And Disadvantages Of Bioremediation

Earthworms help solve this problem by bringing the pH closer to 7, allowing for microbial growth of bacteria. After an earthworm consumes organic matter, it releases casts, the which are the feces of the worm. Earthworm casts have higher available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents at a ratio of 3.2-1.1-1.5, than surrounding soil and contain helpful microbial enzymes. The earthworm casts have higher micronutrient content or higher contents of nitrogen and phosphorus due to the bacteria residing in the digestive tracts of the earthworms. The bacteria in the digestive tracts of earthworms speed up the decomposition of organic material such as decaying plant matter and unlocks the minerals that were trapped.

reused. At this time 99% of the solids in the water are removed and various

Bioremediators need to be able to grow in order to remediate the soil of pollutants. The purpose of this research is to determine whether the presence of Stropharia rugoso-annulata in the soil will support and accelerate the growth of ryegrass in a mutualistic symbiotic relationship. If the growth of the ryegrass is accelerated and supported, the combination of the two bioremediators could potentially accelerate the degradation of PAHs in the soil. Techniques such as soil washing, soil flushing, vitrification, etc., exist to remediate contaminated soil. Although, these techniques are effective, they also disturb the natural environment to some degree. Bioremediation is often accomplished in situ resulting in minimal environmental disturbance. This study is being performed because healthy soil is a limited resource that needs to be preserved and replenished. The state of soil can impact the health of humans, animals, and ecosystems, therefore, it’s important to be able to monitor and control the pollutants in

The microbes found in soil go hand in hand with the microbes found in our bodies, especially the gut microbiome. Soil is used to grow various plants and crops which we then ingest. As stated in Healthy Soil Microbes, Healthy People, we have completely destroyed soil microbes by overusing fertilizers and pesticides just like how we have destroyed our gut microbes by ingesting processed foods and large amounts of antibiotics. Soil microbes, including bacteria and fungi, form symbiotic relationships with plant roots to help provide the plant with many nutrients needed to survive. In order to restore and improve the soil once again, we need to reintroduce bacteria and fungi that are capable of repairing the damage. Through recent technological advances, the soil microbiome was genetically sequenced. This allows farmers and other scientists to understand which microorganisms are

Bioremediation is the process in which microorganisms such as bacteria, yeasts, molds, and filamentous fungi are introduced into the spills. The introduction of these microorganisms assists in altering and metabolizing various chemical compounds present in oil. When the microorganisms metabolize these certain compounds it significantly reduces the time it takes for the oil biodegradation to occur.

Another common remediation technique is stabilization or solidification which aims to alter the contaminants into a less soluble or mobile form (Wuana and Okieimen, 2011; Mulligan, Yong, and Gibbs, 2001; United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1991). In both methods water and a site-specific chemical solution is mixed into the soil to either alter its physical - make it less soluble - or chemical - reduce mobility - properties to make it less likely that the contaminants will move into other locations or be inhaled (Wuana and Okieimen, 2011; Mulligan, Yong, and Gibbs, 2001). Chemical treatment can also fall under the umbrella term of stabilization. Chemical treatment is add chemical solutions to the soil to detoxify the soil and can be used as a pre-treatment for other techniques such as solidification (Wuana and Okieimen, 2011; Mulligan, Yong, and Gibbs, 2001). These techniques are typically preferred due to lower costs but other physical elements of the soil, such as boulders, can make mixing the soil difficult and the process can volatilize and release volatile compounds (Mulligan, Yong, and Gibbs, 2001; United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1991). Mobility of contaminants can also be reduced by using the technique of vitrification through the process of heating up the soil (Wuana and Okieimen, 2011; United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1991). This method results

Soil pollution also referred to as soil contamination occurs when degradation or destruction of the earth’s surface and soil occurs directly or indirectly as a result of human activities. As Americans we tend to abuse the use of things such as cars for driving, books, paper, and computers without the knowledge of where it will end up. According to the food and Agriculture Organization approximately 40 percent of food in the U.S. goes to waste. After the garbage man has taken the materials, it ends up in a huge or small landfill waiting to be emerged into the soil. The average person generates

Fruitvale was a perfect town. There was a nice creek (Strawberry Creek) that dogs and children could play in and a very good diner that families could eat out at. Fruitvale was a mini fairy-tale land, until they hit reality. Fruitvale was recently contaminated by a No-Bug Pesticide that farmers had been using to get rid of the bugs eating their crops. Twelve wells were tested and the No-Bug Pesticide had not contaminated the Fruitvale Municipal Water Well yet. After one year, we tested all of the wells again to see how far the contaminant has spread. We have found that Fruitvale has approximately three years to get Fruitvale de-contaminated. We want to keep the cost at a minimum and all of the Fruitvale residents safe. To meet these goals, we hypothesize that bioremediation would be the most efficient way to accomplish the following task of making Fruitvale a safe

Eutrophication is the slow process that occurs naturally in aquatic ecosystems, such as lakes and ponds. It is a result of an aging body of water gradually increasing its concentration of nutrients. This happens because the intervaling death and growth of organisms that, for whatever given reason, don’t cancel each other out, and modify the fertility of the ecosystem. Eutrophication is not inherently bad, but the hastening of this process through artificial means can be very harmful to the ecosystem, and ultimately end in failure.

ioremediation refers to the use of organisms, particularly microorganisms, to transform or degrade a contaminant to make it harmless (Antizar-Ladislao 2010). One well- characterized example is the bioremediation of the Exxon Valdez oil spill off the Alaska coast; the treatment has largely eliminated pollutants and wastes along hundreds of miles of coastline (Atlas and Hazen 2011). Currently, bioremediation is regarded as a cost-effective remediation technology potentially appropriate for large polluted areas, such as contaminated water and soil. Its potential safety and efficiency will certainly accelerate further development of the

These are just a few examples of how the extraction process of certain nonrenewable resources can impact the environment. However, this negative impact does not stop there. The factories and refineries involved in the production stage emit an astounding amount of pollution. They are one of the major contributors of greenhouse gases. However, these pollutants are also able to dissolve in lakes, rivers, oceans, and even in rain. Once in our water system, they are then able to propagate throughout the food chain, eventually working their way back to humans (Leonard & Conrad , 2010).

The method of bioremediation being used in this paper is by mixing bioaugmentation which is when the subsurface of contaminated soil or groundwater have specific cultured organisms added to allow the process of biodegrading to occur (Regenesis, 2017). Biostimulation is where contaminated soil or groundwater will have a limiting nutrient added to enhance microbial growth within the contaminated source (Adams, 2015) and comparing it to natural attenuation which, is when a natural process within the soil helps to meditate and clean the contaminants within the soil or groundwater (Fiedler, 2017).

Soil pollution is defined as the contamination of soil by toxic (man-made) substances such as pesticides, trash, chemicals and the improper disposal of wastes. The contamination of soil by pollution is mostly known in North America, Asia and Europe, with causes including oil spills, industrial wastes, acid rain, and road debris. The largest current source of soil pollution is agricultural fertilizers and runoff. The next largest source of soil pollution is landfills filled with byproducts and toxins. This soil pollution can have negative effects not only on people, but also the plant organisms in this soil. The purpose of this paper is to explore the causes of soil pollution in local areas as well as the effect of soil pollution on plants in that polluted soil.

Chromium which is a chemical element ,a metal,is toxic pollutant .Nowdays these are found to be present in soils due to many human activities.It affects plant system and microorganisms that are present in soil as well.Phytoremediation has emerged as a process to minimize or eliminate chromium from chromium stressed soils,but this process takes long time.So when plant growth promoting bacteria( PGPB) is used with this process as bioinoculant then it results into increased plant growth and higher chromium reducing effects.PGPB via root architecture modification increases chromium uptake,secretes metal

Phytoremediation is the process by which plants and trees are used to remove or stabilize hazardous pollutants that exist in soil, sediments, surface water or groundwater. The EPA (environmental protection agency) estimates that more than 30,000 sites in the U.S. are in need of environmental treatment, and a great number of these sites are contaminated with highly toxic metals. Abandoned or under-used commercial and industrial facilities, termed as “brownfields,” are a major contributor to this environment concern. “Brownfields” pose significant health risks to nearby residential populations and threaten the plant and animal life close to them. Phytoremediation provides a very