Advantages And Disadvantages Of Foreign Market Entry Strategies

1. High pressure for local adaptation combined with low pressure for lower costs would suggest what type of international strategy: A. global B. multidomestic C. transnational D. overall cost leadership 2. Foreign direct investment includes the following form of entry strategy: A. licensing B. franchising C. joint ventures D. exporting 3. According to Michael Porter, firms that have experienced intense domestic competition are A. unlikely to have the time or resources to compete abroad. B. most likely to design strategies aimed primarily at the domestic market. C. more likely to design strategies and structures that allow them to successfully compete abroad. D. more likely to demand protection from their governments.

In addition, the internationalisation is the strategy to occupy the foreign market step by step. Also, the porter’s competitive advantages theory is to analysis the strategies of global business. They could divide to three strategies: over cost leading, diversity, and market focus strategy (Passemard& Calantone, 2000). The cost leading strategy focus on establish efficient scale production facility and minimize the research and advertising cost. The diversity strategy focus on introduce some unique product in whole industry. But, this strategy will with a high cost price. The focus strategy is attack of a particular customer group or specialist regional market, its purpose to design the service for a particular target. Consequently, the companies need to consider the internal and external factor condition, such as: factor condition, demand condition, related and supporting industries condition, and firm strategy and rivalry. They are called diamond system. This dynamic system gives the company a standard to measure theirs advantage and disadvantage before they enter foreign market. Moreover, the specific advantage in Internationalisation of Production is give companies a new choose for exhausted market (Strange,S. 1992). In an international environment, the companies will face more uncertain and unequal condition than home market, therefore the companies need keep the attention of more factors:

He argued that three conditions all need to be present for a firm to have a strong motive to undertake direct investment. He named these three components as the “OLI” framework which means ownership advantages, location advantages and internalisation advantages.

It plays a great role in changing the psychology of consumers to convince them to switch brands

Dunnings Eclectic Paradigm model best describes what had attracted Tesco’s internalisation entering the American and Japanese markets. The Eclectic Paradigm consists of three factors that explains where, how and why the internationalization of a firm entering a new market. Ownership, location and internalization are the three dynamics which makes up the OLI (Dunning, 2001).ownership advantages can be either asset-based or transaction-based, in relation to Tesco the ownership advantage in which the firm had acquired was the lean supply

Once an organization has decided to expand into the global marketplace, it must select a method of market entry. Companies may choose from five general options: (1) exporting, (2) franchising, (3) a strategic alliance, (4) a joint venture, and (5) direct investment. Deciding which option is right for an organization is based upon the level of financial commitment, risk,

The need for a solid market entry decision is an integral part of a global market entry strategy. Entry decisions heavily influence the firm’s other marketing-mix decisions. Company can enter International Market with many ways, some of them are as follows:

We found innovation, cost reduction and market conditions as key elements supporting a successful internal strategy and strategic alliance and diversification to be among the most widely applied strategies for a foreign market penetration and development, while fusions and licenses were the least preferred.

Dunning’s OLI paradigm (1976) is used to support firms to locate its production in countries that are financially beneficial for them. According to Dunning, “the paradigm offers a holistic framework to take in consideration all of the important factors that influence the decision of a MNE.” (Stefanović, 2008, p.241) FDI is determined through the composition of the three powerful advantages; ownership, location and internationalisation as shown in figure 1. The thesis is to assess, ‘why go multinational?’, ‘how to choose the best location?’ and ‘what actions have to be taken to enter a foreign market?’

It also wants to minimize risks and costs to coordinate management and business from the different cultures. From the above discussion, the following hypothesis is introduced. Hypothesis 1: A MNE prefer establishing a new investment on a wholly owned subsidiary when it faces larger cultural distance in the new market. If a MNE becomes more internationalized, cultural difference will have less impact on the performance of business in a new market. There are three effects to explain this relationship. First, a MNE is more internationalized, it will possess more experience and knowledge on international business environments and higher understanding on unique cultures of other markets. This will reduce the uncertainty from the cultural difference. Second, when a MNE is more globalized, the organization of the MNE is also globalized. The decisions from the globalized organization will be more flexible and consider the cultural difference of foreign investment. Third, as a MNE is performing more global investment projects, it will accumulate various strategies on issues from the cultural difference, and increase its internal strength of dealing with those cultural issues. Therefore, these three factors can be summarized as the following hypothesis. Hypothesis 2: As a MNE becomes more globalized, the effect of cultural distance on the performance of

Business Strategy approach: - this is based on the idea of Pragmatism (Welford and Prescott, 1994) with the company making trade-offs between a number of unstable decision to internationalize and the way it adopts to do so Reid (1983) argues that foreign expansion is contingency based and

Subject : Appraisal of a MNE's recent market entry (2007-2010) ( 1. Firm Motivations for internationalization 2. Entry Strategy 3. Corporate Strategy)

Well known companies like Nike, Microsoft, Sony, Shell Group are just some of the big companies that went global and expanded their trading around the world, they are large businesses that operate internationally in many countries. Development of worldwide integration urges companies to reach out international markets and interact with foreign customers. Businesses focus on fulfilling the demand of the market by its products or services, besides their target is increasing profit, in order achieve these goals they favor to expand their work in a foreign market. Other reasons to internationalize their business may be to become

There are many different types of market entry strategies that may be implemented by a foreign firm in an emerging country. Amongst the most popular are:

• In relation to the Eclectic paradigm, companies that have low levels of ownership advantages either do not enter foreign markets. If the company and its products are equipped with ownership advantage and internalization advantage, they enter through low-risk modes such as exporting.