Advantages And Disadvantages Of Kidney Transplantation

Did you know another name is added to the national transplant waiting list every 10 minutes (Facts).Many things have cautions, a few have more than others. Although bodies react differently toward procedures, Anyone at all could overcome these obstacles.

At the age of 18 I think that everyone should be offered the chance to become an organ donor instead of at 16 being asked for their drivers license. People should not be forced to allow doctors to harvest their organs from their deceased bodies, but if they are okay with that they can go ahead. To be blunt, I think the world is overpopulated and the Darwanian evolution theories phrase, “Survival of the Fittest” deffinetly applies to this topic. Advances in human science are fantastic and I think that if we can help someone we should, but if someone is not comfortable with sharing their organs because of either religous of personal views they should not be forced to.

1. What specific part of the kidney does the dialysis tubing represent? What is the function of this part?

Let’s think of it this way, for someone who is waiting for kidney transplantation, it is important to clear his or her body from normal metabolic waste. Don’t forget that the kidney is not only responsible for filtering the metabolic waste and balancing fluid and electrolytes, but is also responsible for the secretion of hormones. These are erythropoietin which is responsible for red blood cell production and renin angiotensin aldosterone which is critical for maintaining the body’s sodium level. This in turn, controls the blood pressure. This process is being done without our knowledge hourly. (Lewis 667, 765, 766, 1139, 1207) But for those who have dysfunctional kidneys, this process must be done manually. For example, for clearing the body from metabolic waste, patients much go through a treatment called dialysis. This treatment could decrease the physical ability of the patients to go through the transplant surgery when they find the kidney. (Forbes) Now just imagine that you have found a perfect match of a kidney but the surgeon cannot transplant it because you are too physically weak to go through this surgery. If it was me, I would fight this current process so that I could save me or my loved one’s life. It is the core of our human nature. When we are in trouble, that’s when we think of finding a solution to get us out of it. Unfortunately, sometimes this approach will have very serious

My community assessment project focused on adults with chronic renal disease who are receiving peritoneal dialysis under the care of the Davita Dialysis Clinic located in Dothan, Alabama. This modality of artificial kidney replacement minimizes the disruption of the user’s daily life by allowing them to remove waste products from their bodies on daily basis during their ordinary sleeping hours. According the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, it was estimated that as many as 10% of adults or more than 20 million people in the United States may be suffering from chronic kidney disease and in 2011 alone, 113,136 of these individuals began treatment for their end stage renal disease ("National chronic kidney disease fact sheet,

Both of our kidneys functions to filter and excrete waste products and toxins by regulating fluids, electrolytes, and acid based balance. If the Renal blood flow is altered then the glomerular filtration rate will be altered as well. A decrease in systemic pressure stimulates the sympathetic nervous system to constrict the renal artery and decreases filtration and secretion in the kidney. In addition, a tubular obstruction can lead to the reduction of Glomerular filtration rate. An elevated intracellular calcium level due to tubular damage may alter cellular level that increases tubuloglomerular feedback and diminishes GFR. This may be prerenal, intrarenal, or postrenal. The prerenal will result from any condition outside of the kidney that disables the blood to flow to the renal vasculature causing a decrease in perfusion in the glomerulus leading to oliguria. However, both of the kidneys can still return to its full normal function on this stage. Second of the three is intrarenal, where anything can cause a direct damage to both of the kidneys such as infections, toxins, reduce blood supply, hypertension, diabetes, and even glomerulonephritis. The most common intrarenal condition is Acute Tubular Necrosis, where the epithelial layer of the nephrons are damaged causing a change in the concentration of urine, waste filtration, and an imbalance in electrolytes and acid

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a disease that is described as a loss of kidney function gradually over time. As kidney function decreases, the waste collection in the body’s blood becomes high and makes the individual feel sick. This disease can lead to other complications in the body such as anemia, poor nutritional health, high blood pressure, and nerve damage. These complications will begin to progress and show as CKD progresses to advanced stages. Early detection of this disease is essential when it comes to treatment. If CKD is diagnosed early enough the disease progression can be slowed down and managed. This disease will eventually lead to failure of the kidneys

Describe complications that can occur as a result of dialysis and identify nursing measures that are designed to prevent these complications.

The other will allow the blood that is returning to back into the body. Treatments will last anywhere from 2 ½ to 4 ½ hours. Your blood pressure will be check regularly. Your machine will be adjusted to ensure that correct amounts are being removed from your body. You are allowed to relax, read, watch television, do work, or even sleep. The other type of dialysis is called peritoneal dialysis. This requires more work from the patient. The patient must maintain a clean surface on the abdomen in order to help prevent infection. The patient will again weigh themselves to determine the amount of fluid. Then the patient will wear a mask while cleaning the catheter site. Fluid allowed to stay in the peritoneal cavity is drained back into a plastic bag. The patient will then remove the bag and connect a new one. Once the fluid is in the body, the new bag will be rolled up and placed on the patient’s underwear until time for the next treatment. This type of dialysis is more work, more intense, and is required much more. It is done four to five times a day at about 30 minutes each time. There is alternative machine to this called a cycler. It is used every night. Five to six bags are used and the machine will automatically change fluid while the patient is sleeping. Dialysis can make things easier on the patient however it depends on how much help your kidneys need as to which treatment you will need.

Kidney disease has become more prevalent over the years, one in nine Americans has chronic kidney disease, resulting in the need for a kidney transplant. Kidney failure is caused by variety of factors resulting in damage of the nephrons, which are the most important functioning unit of the kidneys. Kidney failure can be broken down into three groups: acute, chronic, end-stage. Once kidney failure is irreversible, dialysis or transplantation is the only method of survival. To avoid a kidney transplant, one needs to be aware of the pre-disposing factors, signs and symptoms, available treatments, and proper diet.

Dialysis is generally only considered an option when more than eighty percent of the kidney is unusable, damaged, and unable to carry out its functions. The prominent feature of dialysis is to filter out wastes and clean the blood in order to have the same effect that a healthy kidney would. There are two primary types of dialysis; hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. In hemodialysis, a hemodialyzer, or an artificial kidney, is placed in the body and cleans the blood in the body. To get the blood into the hemodialyzer, surgery has to be done on the leg or arm. There are two main components, one for the blood and one for dialysate, a washing fluid. Blood is removed from the body and filtered through a man-made thin membrane, the dialyzer. Blood cells and proteins are too large to pass through the membrane, while waste products, such as urea, potassium, and extra fluid are able to travel through the dialyzer. The blood is then returned to the body. In peritoneal dialysis, a cleansing fluid flows through a catheter, which is placed in the abdomen, in order to filter out waste products within the flood. After a period of time where the filtering process is completed, the fluid containing the wastes is removed through the tube and

In Kidney failure cases urea, creatine, uric acids and electrolytes move from the blood to the dialysate with the net effect of lowering their concentration in the blood. RBC s WBC s and plasma proteins are too large to diffuse through the pores of the membrane. Hemodialysis patient are exposed to 120 to 130 L of water during each dialysis treatment. Small molecular weight substances can pass from the dialysate in to patient’s blood. So the purity of water used for dialysis is monitored and controlled.

Heart transplantation is used as a treatment for end stage heart disease in adults and children with congenital cardiac defects. [2] According to United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) 2014-2015 data, heart is consistently the 3rd most transplanted organ after Kidney and Liver in United States.[4] Nearly 1/4th of heart transplant patients show some signs of rejection in first year [6] and slightly more than 2% of heart transplant cases need re-transplants every year. Moreover, the prognosis depends on the time between the initial transplant and re-transplantation, suggesting lower survival with shorter intervals. [7]

There is a pair of kidneys in the human body. They are situated towards the back of the body under the ribs, just at the level of the waist where one on either side of the body. Each kidney is composed of about one million units which are called nephrons and each nephron consists of two parts: a filter which is called the glomerulus and a tubule leading out from the nephron (Cameron 1999). According to Marshall and Bangert (2008) the kidneys have three major functions. Firstly, the kidneys are excretion of waste from plasma in the blood. The second function is that, they maintain of extracellular fluid volume and composition. Lastly, the kidneys have a role in hormone synthesis.

Before kidney failure occurs, it department to five stages.7 In the first stage there is no change in