Advantages And Disadvantages Of MDC Over Traditional Single Description Coding

In the digital era of convergent media, the most obvious about the change of cinema is the storage which rely on celluloid that you can touch in the past. Now, however, it is stored as electronic packets of 1s and 0s which is virtual. The changes of the cinema is not only about the film storage, but also the production，post-production, exhibition and distribution which is the main part of the film industry structure. In the era of celluloid, the four steps of movie is relatively independent and has its sequence. In digital movie, whereas, the connection and integration among four parts of industry structure are ever close.

A frame without data is 32 bytes long. Assuming a transmission rate of 11 Mbps, the time to transmit a control frame (such as RTS frame, a CTS frame, or an ACK frame) is (256 bits)/(11 Mbps) = 23 µsec. The time required to transmit the data frame is (8256 bits)/(11 Mbps) = 751 µsec. DIFS + RTS + SIFS + CTS + SIFS + FRAME + SIFS + ACK = DIFS + 3 SIFS + (3 · 23 + 751) µsec = DIFS + 3 SIFS + 820 µsec.

Unit 28 + 30 Assignment 3 Task 3 – Discuss the impact that file formats, compression techniques, image resolution and colour depth have on file size and image quality.

Audio compression technique is increasingly becomes more significant in multimedia applications, since it produce extensively reduced bit rate than the original signal, the bandwidth , storage space and expense for the transmission of audio signal is also reduced correspondingly.

The coding systems and standardized clinical expressions are connected; with the coding schemes developed for classification systems, nomenclatures, and clinical languages. According to Rutherford (2008), standardized nursing language can upsurge the patients’ quality of nursing care through contribution of “better communication amongst nurses and other healthcare providers, increase visibility of nursing interventions, improved patients care, enhanced data collection to evaluate nursing care outcomes, greater adherence to standards of care and facilitated assessment of nursing competency” (para.6). The above nursing standardized languages sanctions a higher quality and source of evidence-based practice amidst

Lossy compression happens when the compression turns out in pixels and resolution is lost after compression taken places. This is why the file can be used efficiently and at a lower file size. This compression usually happens during video conferencing and during freeze frames or when an image is pixilated. This is accepted as high resolution is not needed as long as the user understands the file. Disadvantage of it is that it could give poor quality which could cause miscommunication.

File compression is when you compress a file to reduce its size. There are 2 kinds of compression lossy and lossless. Lossy compression is when parts of the data that are deemed ‘unnecessary’ are removed to reduce the size. Lossless compression identifies and eliminates statistical redundancy, and also with lossless you do not lose any of your data (Lossless definition found here

In the first step, the network is deployed with the finite number of vehicle nodes. The fixed bandwidth is allocated to each vehicle node in the network

Communication systems consist of transmitter, channel, and receiver. The latter can be affected by a noise source, such as the Additive White Gaussian noise (AWGN) which, in turn, can cause a change in the data transmission. As a result of data change or corruption, the idea of channel coding was introduced as a reliable solution to overcome this dilemma. Nowadays, we use some techniques as Forward error correction (FEC) to reduce the errors that might appear during the information transmission over the channel. In this technique, the system adds redundant (extra) bits to identify if a specific bit is corrupted or not and correct it. FEC Channel codes may be classified into two main categories: the Convolutional Code and the Block Code. On

Image compression may be lossy or lossless. Lossless compression is preferred for archival purposes and often for medical imaging, technical drawings, clip art, or comics. Lossy compression methods, especially when used at low bit rates, introduce compression artifacts. Lossy methods are especially suitable for natural images such as photographs in applications.

Impact that file format, compression techniques, image resolution and colour depth have on file size and image quality - D2

Topology: The current network was able to mix different speeds to match departmental needs. The physical topology in use is linear bus topology which also translates to a logical bus topology. The cable in use being Thicknet gives extended length allowance which is 500meters for a given segment and 2500 meters total cable

Presently, File downloading based on automotive mode switch (AMS) algorithm, this approach is an effective but video content downloading does not always give good performance (3). When AMS method is used the internet buffering is less but the bandwidth is high and costly (3). Moreover AMS algorithm uses peers in order to provide the requested video by users (3), if the video is so long then it would take more peers in order to provide video, when there are more peers there is no proper scheduling of peers due to which when we want to get some unpopular video the peers provide a low quality video. By using our proposed method we are going to solve the problem of bandwidth and cost because agents provide their bandwidth resources constantly at a much lesser price.

3.Each ISDN line can provide a bandwidth of 128 Kbps both in the upstream direction in addition to the downstream direction – this feature enables it to carry video communications in realtime at both ends.

Abstract---In this paper new image compression techniques are presented by using existing techniques such as Singular value decomposition, wavelet difference reduction (WDR) and Adaptive wavelet difference reduction (ASWDR). The SVD has been taken as a standard technique to hybrid with WDR and ASWDR. Firstly SVD is combined with WDR (SVD-WDR) and after that it is combined with its advance version that is ASWDR (SVD-ASWDR) in order to achieve better image quality and higher compression rate. These two techniques are implemented or tested on several images and results are compared in terms of PSNR, MSE and CR.