Advantages And Disadvantages Of OECD

Politically, the United States government did almost everything it could have done to make the world and the country a better place after World War Two. In order to prevent wars and make the world a safer place, the country wanted to establish an international organization that would help achieve this goal, similar to the Wilson’s proposed League of Nations, except this time, the organization had full support and funding of the United States. The organization was formed in 1945, and it was called the United Nations. Not only did the United Nations

The United Nations was also then formed to promote international cooperation. It was a replacement for the League of Nations, which was ineffective.

Finland became part of the republic. Finland was imperiled into World War II and embroiled in three separate controversies. The Organization for the Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), in 1969 the European Union in 1995 and the Eurozone at its inception in 1999. During this time, it assembled and vast Nordic-style welfare state.

On June 5, 1947 George Marshall made a speech at Harvard University which initiated the post-war European Aid program, also known as the Marshall program. Marshall’s request was for an agreement to be made among the countries of Europe, which led to the creation of the Organization for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC). It was mandated that the OEEC would work on a joint recovers program and also that aid would be supervised. For this plan, Marshall was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953.

The euphoria of victory was short lived and the events from 1945 to 1949 brought about a rapid, transformational change due to the human and economic devastation caused by World War II. Leading the post victory effort was the International Monetary Fund (IMF) along with the World Bank, formed in 1944 at the Bretton Woods Conference, with the goal to regulate the international monetary and financial order after the conclusion of World War II. In 1945, President Harry S. Truman proposed a charter for the formation of an International Trade Organization (ITO). Although the ITO Charter never achieved ratification due to a lack of Congressional approval, the concept of an international trade organization would finally come to fruition in 1995 with the formation of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The next transformation occurred in 1946 with the formation of the United Nations Security Council. The great powers that were the victors of World War II—Russia, the United Kingdom, France, China, and the United States—serve as the body's five permanent members. Finally, in order to solidify military stabilization between the US and Europe and foster economic trade, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was formed in 1949. All of the above organizations formed in the hope that future generations would not have to define victory as complete human and economic

The European Union was initially set up as a means to terminate the conflict that occurred within Europe throughout the 20th century, culminating with the end of The Second World War (WWII) and The Cold War that followed. The EU ultimately aimed to bring the member countries together in order to form an ‘ever closer union’ between the countries of Europe, thus preventing a future battle. The Union started as the European Economic Community (EEC), which was established in 1957, and over the years endured numerous adjustments to form the politico-economic union that we know of today.

A sustainable budget with crackdowns on tax avoidance and loopholes, address the issue of tax avoidance that are cause by legal

The United States saw the need to help Europe rebuild and came up with the Marshall Plan. The Marshall Plan gave roughly $13 billion in aid for Europe to rebuild its economy after the end of World War II. The Marshall Plan spanned over a four year period beginning in 1948. The United States have many goals with the Marshal Plan which included: to remove trade barriers, rebuild destroyed regions, modernize industry, have Europe booming again, and prevent the spread of communism. The plan required a lot of different things but the main concern would be they adopted the modern business procedures.

participants in this conference created three organizations to help regulate the international economy. The first is the International Monetary Fund (IMF) which was established with the idea of regulating monetary policy. One of the benchmarks of the IMF is the stabilization of exchange rates and the loaning of money to help stabilize countries with balance of payments deficits. The second organization established was the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) whose main focus was on a liberal trading order.

     After the tragedies of World War II, European leaders have made striving efforts to prevent such a catastrophic event from occurring on their continent again. The best solution seemed to be highly mechanized cooperation among the highest European powers to assure that future conflict, and perhaps war, could not arise between them. If all the states ran themselves in a manner cooperating with their neighbors, conflict could be avoided. To prevent other nations from not cooperating, treaties and institutions would have to be designed for each area of international interest such as trade, communications, security, and so forth. As the century progressed, more organizations, institutions and associations were

Globalization can be defined as ‘international integration’, which can be described as the process by which the people of the world are unified into a single society and functioning together. This process is a combination of economic, technological, and political forces (dictionary.com).

A tax haven is a country that offers foreign corporations and individuals relatively low corporate and income tax rates, with a politically and economically stable environment. Some tax havens are Switzerland, Hong Kong, Bermuda, Ireland, and the Cayman Islands. Although the businesses have moved across seas, the United States forces them to pay the corporate tax. Fortunately for the businesses, it they keep their income and money across seas they do not have to the pay the American corporate tax, Unfortunately this is ghastly for the United States Government businesses keep their products and profits over seas.

Another issue brought by Bures (Ten Years of EU’s Fight against Terrorist Financing: A Critical Assessment, 2015) was the fact that the CTF and AML regulations applied in the UN were based on other nations ideas. This lead to more of a one size fits all program. While terrorism and corruption are global issues they cannot be address with a one size fits all approach. Each region has subtle nuances that lead to different forms of corruption and bribery. So, when a one-size fits all approach is implemented it becomes ineffective. One of the current EU strategies is black-listing. However, it is hard to get blacklisting right, and usually ended up being both over- and under- inclusive. This directly affects the usefulness of a program. If it is over-inclusive there ends up to be too many false positives. If it is under-inclusive then many of those who are funding terrorist or laundering money will be missed during the review. So, if the program is not able to accurately identify high risk transactions then it would no longer be adding value to any AML or CTF attempts.

It isn’t uncommon for international governments to seize control of a business if they determine it is their best interest to do so. However, there is an opposite example: In June 2010 Kyrgyz authorities nationalised two commercial banks Asia Universal Bank (AUB) and Manas bank specializing on loans. AUB lost $480mln. EBRD financed the representative of the Global witness (UK) who investigated illegal financial transactions including the withdrawal of funds to offshore companies and money laundering. A large-scale investigation has revealed that billions later appeared in the accounts of offshore companies outside Kyrgyzstan, including UK, were transferred through AUB. Approximately 10% of the state’s assets left the bank through international wire transfers. The interim government was forced to nationalize AUB and divide its assets into two separate banks.

People around the world are more connected to each other than ever before. Information and money flow quicker than ever. Products produced in one part of a country are available to the rest of the world. It is much easier for people to travel, communicate and do business internationally. This whole phenomenon has been called globalization. Spurred on in the past by merchants, explorers, colonialists and internationalists, globalization has in more recent times been increasing rapidly due to improvements in communications, information and transport technology. It has also been encouraged by trade liberalization and financial market deregulation.