Advantages And Disadvantages Of Rigidity

We found that Polypropylene was our 5th unknown. Polypropylene (C3H6) or more commonly referred to as PP, is used for labeling, packaging, textiles, and stationery. In 1957, the crystallization of polymer was discovered. Soon fabric was made from the polymer, and was in high demand. It can also be used for moldings of cars, film, tape, foam and carpet. Polypropylene can not be glued to any objects or itself, and so it is melded. After Polyethylene, Polypropylene is the highest produced synthetic plastic. Polypropylene also holds up well over time, which is one of the reasons that it is the second most produced plastic. The melting point is between 130-171 degrees celsius. Because polypropylene is tough and flexible it can be used as an engineering plastic. Finally, polypropylene can be used be manufactured into a living hinge. A

In modern times, there are numerous materials used to make the everyday necessities we need in life such as our phones, clothes, shoes, plastic bags, and many more. However we could narrow the materials down to metal-based products, polymer-based products/ plastics, and cellulose-based products/paper. To narrow things even down further so that we could have an argument, plastic and cellulose could both be used to make the same type of material such as containers for juice, containers for food, chairs, tables and many more. With this, we could now compare if plastic or paper is the better material to make our basic necessities. I would say that plastic would be better because of its durability, energy efficiency in making plastics, and the ability to mold plastic.

Polystyrene can be a thermoplastic or a thermoset. As a thermoplastic it is used for disposable cutlery, CD and DVD cases, plastic models, smoke detector housings, packaging materials, insulation, and foam cups.

Post World War II plastic started to become a way of life. Early plastics were made from cellulose and also known as "green plastics" but most of today's plastics are made of hydrocarbon molecules that is used from the refining of oil and natural gas. Depending on how the plastic is made will decided wheter it's used for something like sandwich wrap or making some sort of plastic handle on a tool.

This study describes the effects of poplar and radiata pine were treated with a cross-linking reaction of sucrose and 1,3-dimethylol-4-5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) on mechanical properties, surface free energy and bonding strength. Although strength loss observed after treatment with sucrose and DMDHEU, especially tensile strength, shear strength parallel to grain and cleavage strength, but modulus of elasticity was significantly increased, poplar and radiata pine increased up to 51% and 84%. The modulus of rupture of treated radiata pine increased of 17%, however treated poplar was reduced 46%. That indicated the hardness and rigidity of modified wood was significantly improved. Whether tangential sections, radial sections or cross sections

Unsaturated polyester resins added weight and different sizes of different particles of wood flour. Unsaturated polyester (UP) was reinforced with several different weight and particles size (3 wt%, 6 wt% 9 wt%, 15 wt%, 18 wt% and 21 wt%) use flour wood with a particle size (200) and (300) μm.

Oever, Martien van den., Molenveld, K., Zee, Maarten van der., Bos, H. (2016). Bio-based and biodegradable plastics: facts and figures: focus on food packaging in the Netherlands. Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, (2). 153.

There would be some justification for calling the 20th century the Age of Plastics”( Strom and Rasmussen, p. ix). Many years ago, plastics changed the world and our lives. Bakelite plastic is made from carbolic acid (phenol) and formaldehyde, which are mixed, heated, and then either molded or extruded into the desired shape (Strom & Rasmussen,2011, p.22). People around the world use about 260 million tons of plastic each year. Plastic consumes 8 percent of world oil production each year. Plastics are amazing materials. They are cheap, lightweight, strong, lasting, corrosion resistant, and have high thermal and electrical insulation properties. For that reason, plastics are used in products such as cups and saucers, and components for cars and airplanes. Furthermore, there are many things made from plastic, like pens, windows, etc. Plastics come in a variety of different colors. In today’s world, people would have difficulties living without plastic because it is considered more inexpensive than cloth, leather, and metal. (Thompson, R., Swan, S., Moore, C., & Saal, F, 2009, P. 1973). Plastics can be manufactured into soft, hard and liquid materials. Plastics enter into every aspect of our lives ( Yoshioka, 1964, p. 42). According to Strom and Rasmussen in 2011, Baekeland said, ”if I had my life to life over again ……I would not hesitate to devote my best endeavors to biochemical research. The future of mankind depends on this subject” (p

In the 1930s, numerous synthetic composite technological breakthroughs were born. “In 1935, Owens Corning launched the fiber reinforce polymer (FRP) industry by introducing the first fiber glass. In 1936, unsaturated polyester resins were patented. Because of their curing properties, they would become the dominant choice for resins in manufacturing today. In 1938, other higher performance resin systems like epoxies also became available.” (Cite) The creation of FRP was vital to the military during World War II due to its notably high to strength to weight ratio. Not only was FRP used for electronic housings and other electronic components, but was also used to create the first fiberglass reinforced boat hull. The war efforts spawned copious amounts of commercial products made with FRP. This is how synthetic and natural composites were revolutionized during the 20th century.

This material is usually a very cost effective choice for bulk manufacturing as it is easily produced and does not take as much energy to deform as other similar materials.

As many items are recyclable and safe to use, we are helping day by day to insure a safer place for everyone around us, including ourselves. Along with the strong push in the green movement recently, we all should notice that more and more products are being made from recycled material. These items can be found anywhere as they are marked with a special recycling symbol. Manufactures are also finding new ways to help create more items that can be used and recycled. These items include paper towels, cardboard boxes, plastic containers, crayons, ink cartridges to even paint. (Schenker) As technology has change dramatically over the years, it has provided us with ways of studying and finding out better ways to use the material.

While manufacturing papers we use wood pulp from trees, producing plastic requires the use of

In order to fully understand the intensity of the issue, it is necessary to see how the prevalence of plastic has increased within modern society. The era of modern-day plastics began in the early 1930s with the creation of synthetic plastics such as polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyethylene (PE), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). These types of plastics can be used in a wide range of fields such as clothing, construction, packaging, and plumbing and as a result these are some of the most widely produced plastics globally. The growth of the plastic industry began during World War II, when countries such as the United States attempted to conserve precious resources such as metals by using other materials wherever possible. This led to a significant rise in plastic production due to companies using the inexpensive material to create parts for military vehicles and equipment and to provide metallic products with alternative products, for example using plastic wrap instead of aluminum foil. Once the war ended, chemical companies sought to earn the profit that was awaiting to be made from selling new plastic goods to consumers. As time went on, plastic became increasingly

Investigations into developing a more sustainable and eco-friendly aspect of every day life are becoming a major priority. Without such investigations or developments in not only the food packaging sectors, but in many other major industries, this planet along with its inhabitants will surely succumb to the human lust of consumerism and ultimately the waste that such hunger produces. The implantation of ecofriendly “green” packaging options would see a sharp decline in the amount of waste that is produced each year and give the ability to recycle and to produce new items from previously used packaging. In this report the team discuss the concept of biodegradable plastics and their future implementation as “green” food packaging alternatives to the current form of non eco-friendly plastics that are in existing use. Biodegradability refers to a composites ability to be degraded by bacteria or other living organisms, plastics such as these can also be susceptible to water and ultraviolet rays as sources of decomposition with this aspect being discussed within the chapters of this report. As apart of this report, team members assess the discovery, life cycle as well as the current or future applications of three different types of bio-plastic. Contained within is discussion on Poly-Lactic Acid, Novamont’s thermoplastic starch-based polymer and …

People could get more benefits from plastic but every time people used it, they contribute in the destruction of the environment. Plastic material was made up of synthetic organic solids that are moldable. Due to plastic material relatively low cost, many manufacturers patronizing it because of expanding range of their products. Manufacturers displaced many materials that are used in the development of their products such as paper, wood, glass and water. Plastic was also used in packaging which is highly contributes in the development of the country. Even though people get benefits from plastic it has also many disadvantage. Plastic material is very harmful to health of humans and animals, it contributes in water pollution that can affect