Advantages And Disadvantages Of Thermoset Epoxy Resins

The tensile testing was done on the three composite specimens (90°, and two 45°) were completed with a servo-hydraulic load frame with a wedge. The one in the lab was the MTS 647 hydraulic wedge grip and an 810 material test system. The specimens had strain gages with a Wheatstone bridge to collect data such as time, distance, load, axial strain, and transverse strain. From the strain gages, evidence can support how and when the specimen material failed under the stress being applied to it. The test was run for three times on three different specimens. The first specimen that was tested in the hydraulic load was the 0°/90° specimen, which is made of carbon and epoxy laminate composite.

However, the absence of plastic deformation does not mean that composites are brittle materials like monolithic ceramics. The heterogeneous nature of composites result in complex failure mechanisms which impart toughness. Fiber-reinforced materials have been found to produce durable, reliable structural components in countless applications. The unique characteristic of composite materials, especially anisotropy, require the use of special design

Composite materials have been evaluated with a matrix properties unsaturated polyester resin by conducting mechanical testing, including the pressure, compression, hardness and impact resistance.. While wood flour helped add to the balance between the original compression strength reductions up to 3 wt. wood flour and then reduce the strength. The results confirmed that the best promote and 3% by weight of wood flour consider the compression strength

As for ductility, the material with most ductility was found to be the thermoplastic polymer (HDPE). Two tests were conducted on the HDPE samples at different speeds. As a result, the HDPE sample pulled at lower speed exhibited greater ductility. Ductility was calculated by obtaining the percent elongation of each material sample. This correlates with the idea that the material that deforms the most before fracture, possesses greater ductility. The highest percent elongation obtained was 191,

Carboxyl- or amine-terminated copolymers of butadiene and acrylonitrile (CTBN and ATBN, respectively) are soluble in most liquid epoxies. The end groups react with the epoxy matrix during the curing process and the rubber separates to form discrete particles. Increasing the fracture resistance of epoxies with CBTN or ABTN rubber particles does have deficiencies. Incorporation of a low-Tg component often reduces the glass transition temperature of the composite material [12]. Similarly, incomplete separation of the rubber during cure may plasticize the epoxy network [14, 15]. Both the tensile modulus and yield strength of epoxies may be reduced upon rubber modification [16]. Sultan and McGarry [17] attributed the toughening effect mainly to the crazing of the epoxy matrix. Bascom et al.[12] accredited the high toughness values of CTBN modified epoxy to an increase in the plastic zone size. A rubber stretching and tearing mechanism was proposed by Kunz et al. [18] as the major toughening mechanism for rubber modified plastics (also known as

Carbon fiber in all aspects is a material consisting of thin fibers of nearly pure carbon made by subjecting various organic raw materials to high temperatures, combined with asynthetic resins to produce a strong, lightweight material use in construction of aircraft and spacecraft (dictionary 2016). This composite material dates back to the 1950s where the tensile strength of carbon fiber was discovered and put into work. 50 years later carbon fiber is still well used and in great demand as the benefits of it proved to be great for the race car industry. The purpose of this project is to examine the mechanical properties of carbon fiber, and the benefits that it provides to the race car industry as well as predicting what other applications will occur in the

Composite structures have been around since the beginning of time, but the modern day uses were first applied during World War II. Composites such as rubber tires and glass were used in structures where metal or other material structures could not be applied. The past few years, composite material structures have been used more in aircraft structures than any other time in the history of man. The main reason is that the understanding and technology are at a point were composite structures could be applied in greater use due to human understanding. Composite structures in aircraft are becoming more practical for more applications. This is based on the how/why composites are being applied, the benefits of composites, the problems/ failures of

The aim of the lab session was to study the properties of composite materials by testing the materials in tension. The test composite materials to be tested comprised of carbon and fibreglass and

In times, metals were replaced by polymers for a few applications like reducing the weight of few parts. But in the present days new classes of engineering plastics are replacing metals at a higher level as they can be customized. Significant productivity improvement is possible by using polymers. There is a higher product performance level, cost reduction, efficiency in manufacturing, durability and enhancement of aesthetics which are all achieved simultaneously now-a-days using

Composite materials and structures are particularly attractive for aerospace applications due to their high stiffness, high strength and low weight properties. The use of such structures allows for an overall aircraft mass reduction, reduced fuel consumption and increased service life resulting in a reduction in aircraft operating costs.

n aeroplane is acted upon by a few forces in the sky: Lift, Drag, Thrust and Weight. It counters the force of gravity by using either static lift or by using the dynamic lift of an airfoil. A composite material is a material made from two or more constituent materials with differing physical or chemical properties that when joined together, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual material. The individual component remains separate and unique from the finished structure. There are a few types of currently available composite materials, and they include carbon fibre, fiber glass and fibre-reinforced matrix systems. Almost all new aircraft these days include some composite material into their designs. The most common composite material that is used in aircraft is fiberglass. Other composite materials used includes Kevlar, which is now replacing glass fibers. Composite materials had been used commonly since

However the strength and stability of polymer-fiber interface determines the final properties of the polypropylene composites. The main advantages of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composites are high tensile strength, low cost, high chemical resistance and good insulating properties. The disadvantages are high specific gravity, low tensile modulus, high hardness and low fatigue resistance. One of the methods used to improve final properties of the glass fiber polypropylene is by matrix modification. In this method, polar functional groups are introduced to polypropylene chains so as to improve compatibility with polar strengthening and achieve a homogenous dispersion of fillers, reinforcements and additives [37]. Apart from automotive bumpers glass reinforced polymers are used for structure and function parts such as washing machine parts, axial fan blades of industries, irrigation equipment parts, skeleton of instrument panel

These may be classified into two categories according to the types of reinforcement used: (i) particle or short fibers and (ii) continuous fibers. For continuous fiber reinforced bio-composites, woven fabric preforms processed from natural fibers have been introduced as the reinforcements. Fabrication of laminated composite with four layers of jute woven fabrics has been done. Prior to their impregnation in the resin matrix, the jute fabrics were treated with alkali in the biaxial tensile stress state. A significant improvement of the mechanical stiffness was achieved in the composite with the fibers treated with alkali under applied stress.

A single material can’t provide the all expected properties for a particular application, at its isotropic level, carrying single homogenous phase. So, in order to get identified properties for any particular application, we may require composing the material in such a way, so that we can achieve the producible properties for desired application. This composed form of two or more than two material is termed as "composite". Composite is introductorily the micromechanical aspect of two or more combined materials. In broad sense, a "composite is a materials system, composed of two or more physically distinct phase whose combination produces aggregate properties that

The advanced composite materials such as Graphite, Carbon, Kevlar and Glass with suitable resins are widely used because of their high specific strength (strength / density) and high specific modulus (modulus / density). Advanced composite materials seem ideally suited for long, power driver shaft (propeller shaft) applications. Their elastic properties can be tailored to increase the torque they can carry as well as the rotational speed at which they operate. The drive shafts are used in automotive, aircraft and aerospace applications. The automotive industry is exploiting composite material technology for structural components construction in order to obtain the reduction