Advantages And Limitations Of Modenisation

Globalization did not bring the promised benefits people hoped to have. It brought poverty instead. “ The actual number of people living in poverty has actually increased by almost 100 million,” (Stiglitz 222). Africa has high expectation with colonial independence. The continent is in misery and is falling.

Africa’s persistent poverty interrogates the continent’s past through institutions, government, demography, economics, colonialism, and the impact of the trading. The colonial era affected the variety of Africa’s historical development for it was quite the game changer since it put a halt to the continuous drain of scarce labor and paved the way for the expansion of land concentrated forms of agriculture, and engaging smallholders, estates, and communal farms. The establishment of the colonial rule over the African interior reinforced African commodity growth in export. The colonial control facilitated the construction induced significant inflows of European

This exploitation along with the problems new governments faced when trying to unify tribal groups is why a big portion of the continent today lives in poverty. In the late 1800’s, when European nations began to realize the huge amount of resources needed to fuel the industrial revolution, they sought out Africa for the solution. These nations came in and divided up Africa with little regard for ethnic groups and began to ship resources back to their homeland. For over half a century Africa lost abundances of it’s natural resources to Europeans, which greatly stressed the countries when they were given their independence back. Along with having smaller amounts of natural resources to fuel their economy, African countries were also plagued with civil war, due to the way the continent was divided up.

In the late nineteenth century the European powers of the world began imperializing Africa. This annexation, occupation, and division of African territory has since led to much strife within the continent and has caused many struggles politically. This period known as the “Scramble for Africa” has led to the many problems that Africa faces today and has been the root of several wars in Africa to assume control. After World War II many European imperialists began to give African nations autonomy. This seemed like a step forward for African nations, but without any plan to transition into self governance many African nations have faced bloody civil wars and corruption. Along with political struggles, numerous African nations face rising debt and other economic problems. Many of these political and economic issues stem from the “Scramble for Africa”. Once the European countries left Africa had very little to support itself. To explain the issues left by imperialism the three African nations of Rwanda, South Africa, and Sierra Leone will be put under the scope.

This paper would contain a detailed overview of African Continent’s history and evolution. Social and cultural reformations and practices would be taken into consideration. It will carry a detail oriented research on the poverty and underdevelopment issues of the continent. A brief review to the history in the relevance of the topic would be included. Developmental crises would be analysed from several perspectives. The cultural and social norms and their relation to their relation to developmental crises would be evaluated. Possible solutions regarding the limitations and issues in the developmental social and cultural prosperity and well-being would be discussed. A meaningful conclusion would be evaluated on the research

The European nations came to Africa with the aim of acquiring wealth from African nations and also they acquired slaves. They believed that most African countries had a lot of mining and other investments. The economic resources were variable, but they had no value because the Africans had no ideas of mining them. The Europeans aimed at utilizing the resources and they led to a developed economy. Moreover, when Africans people refused to give raw materials to the European, the European persuaded them to insult. For example, the European people took their land and force them to do slavery even though Africans did not have an opportunity to sell their own lands. In this picture, the author illustrates how the European people took an advantage of other countries to develop their

This paper offers a definition, while recognizing that it may contrast from that of different researchers, societies, governments, media, and maybe the person who is reading it. It will also include a brief history of the country as a whole.

One of the biggest problem in today’s world is the struggle of African Countries and others. Seventy-five percent of the world’s poorest countries are located in Africa. Approximately one in three people living in Africa are undernourished and millions even lack the opportunity to have clean water. Only around twenty percent of women in Africa have access to education. This data proves that modern world

Being familiar, but never well read, on the foreign influences of European and American nations on 16th through 20th century Africa, I never put much thought into the vast economic history and consequences that have come upon those actions. In reading Part 5 – Foreign Influences in John Reader’s book Africa, Reader highlights two thought camps on the effect of foreign influences on the Africa continent and its society as a whole. Transformationalists argue, Africa’s current economic state has been indubitably affected by the foreign slave trade of African indigenous populations that has occurred until recent times. Non-Transformationalists oppose this view. They believe that Africa’s current economy, “would have been about as well off, […] in the same socioeconomic environment, if there has been no trading contact [with Europe].” (David Eltis) Reading chapters 34-40 in John Reader’s Africa, I agree with the Transformationalist view, that Africa was indeed affected by foreign influences.

Africa is an extremely vast land comprised of unimaginable wealth in natural resources, and an even richer history. Sadly its exiguous population, whom many believe to be the oldest in the world, is completely impoverished, underdeveloped and marred with limited and corrupt governance. The people of Africa have been the victims of cultural rape time and time again-by Arab slave traders, adventurous European explores who found that the African people are worth more than gold and forced them to pay with their soul, exploited by colonial “do-gooders”and ravaged by self-serving neighbors, just to name a few. Strategies of Western nations to help bring salvation to the African people from earth’s torture and misery, always seemed to fail. Therefore it’s hard to believe anyone in Africa had any hope left in them at all. For a good majority of African people China’s entry and immersion into their land couldn’t have come fast enough, yet there were many others, foreign and domestic whom only harbored suspicion, and doubt regarding their new colonizers and for good reason, history has not been kind. This essay will first explore the driving forces behind China’s immersion into Africa, next I will delve into explaining the differences in how Western nations and China are handling African problems. Next I will discuss the pros and cons of Chinas neo-colonization and conclude the essay with why I believe China is just a wolf in sheep’s clothing denying imperialistic objectives.

Modernity, it is a macro process of transition from traditional to modern society. “Formation of a modern political map of the world began in early 1800 in Western Europe and maybe characterized as the product of the twin revolutions.” European colonization of the New World, the economic and political development of new territories led to significant changes in the political map. Modernity it is a complex of multi-faceted process that took a place in Europe during the 18th century and had covered all aspects of society. The modernity of the production meant the industrialization - is constantly growing use of machines. In the social sphere modernization is closely linked with urbanization, an unprecedented growth of cities, which led to prevailing in the economic life of society. In the political sphere modernity meant the democracy of political structures, laying the preconditions for the formation of a civil society and rule of law. In the spiritual realm associated with secularization -: the release of all spheres of public and private life from the separation of religion and the church, their worldliness and intensive development of literacy, education, scientific knowledge. All of these are inextricably linked to each other processes of change emotional attitudes of man,

Africa, although it is the mother of all the continents and is the origin of humankind, is considered the most misunderstood continent that has gone through centuries of strife and exploitation from other countries all over the world. Since the beginning of slavery in Africa in the medieval times, many changes in Africa have occurred in a social and economic standpoint in relations to other countries and within the native land itself by causing colonialism, which is the process of taking control of another area politically while also using their land. Colonialism has had a negative effect on Africa both socially, politically, and economically and can be fixed with the help of other countries.

Today, China attempts to lawfully purloin African resources with an extremely self-promotional strategy. The country aims to maintain access to Africa’s sought after natural resources, regardless of the detrimental consequences for Africa. Some argue that the increase in exporting that China creates will help Africa’s economy develop, however these specific resources can hurt the economy long term. This is seen in examples such as Nigeria and Angola, Sub-Saharan Africa’s two largest oil exporters. Oil and mining are not labor intensive industries, therefore while these natural deposits may create impressive growth figures, they do not translate into widespread job creation. In fact, an economy solely based upon large oil and mineral reserves distorts the local currency. The prices of other exports then increase and it makes them hard to sell overseas, a phenomenon labeled the “Dutch disease.” Without careful management, something China has not provided, the oil and mineral revenue will

In the recent years, China has had a growing presence in the African continent, engaging in trades, delivering aid and initiating projects. China’s involvement in Africa is something that has triggered very animated debates among students and scholars. Many hypotheses as to China’s intentions have been presented. Is China really the solution to Africa’s underdevelopment or simply for its own political and economical interests? This essay will present a more pessimistic view on this whole situation arguing the very dangers and consequences of China’s relationship with Africa. Not only does China worsen the countries’ economic conditions by triggering high levels of inflation and unemployment but it also represent a new form of colonialism

Lack of development in countries in the so-called `Third World' has many political and economical reasons. Historians explain the inadequacy of developing countries with the early imperialism and the resulting colonization of the South. Exploitation of mineral resources, deforestation, slavery, and the adaptation of foreign policies shaped the picture of today's suffering and struggling civilizations and natural rich continents. The omission of concessions and equal negotiations between dependency and supremacy give rise to the contrast of enormous resources and immense poverty in developing countries is. In the last years the outcry of justice and the emancipation of the Third World became louder throughout developing and industrialized