Advantages Of Quantum Cryptography

Encryption technique is the translation of data into a secret code that will prevent hackers or identity thieves from being able to break or read the data that is sent across the network.

When a fellow general received the message, he would wrap the paper around his corresponding scytale to decipher the message (Tyson 2014). Since the advent of computers though, encryption has become increasing important and relies almost solely on cryptographic means to secure information. When speaking about encryption today, it refers more to the process rather than the mathematical formulas used to scramble data. The basic idea behind encrypting a computer message is such that it is scrambled with a sequence of random bits, known as a key, and only parties with the corresponding key can transpose it back into a comprehensible format. These keys are created via a cipher, otherwise known as an algorithm. When a user sends a message, known as the plaintext, across a network, the computer applies an algorithm to the information to encode it, resulting in a ciphertext (Encryption Basics 2014). This method can be best summarized visually:

Encryption is the conversion of electronic data into another form, called cipher text, which cannot be easily understood by anyone except authorized parties. The primary purpose of encryption is to protect the confidentiality of digital data stored on computer systems or transmitted via the Internet or other computer networks. Modern encryption algorithms play

There’s two types used in encryption, there’s the public key which is used to encrypt the information you trying to send. There is also the private key which is used to decrypt the message. The public and private key is used in many things for example emails and telephones. The reason why it’s so important that these two keys are used is because the message you’re sending stays between you and the receiver, therefore the message will not get interrupted by an invader.

During World War II, the Germans used a type of code that is almost impossible to break. They used this code to communicate between each other and would get directions of where to go and also state where their locations are through that code. What made that code unique was the way that they used it. The way their code worked would be that someone would write a letter in a machine, and then the machine would print a coded version of the message. But that was not the worst part of it. At the end of every day, they would change the key to the messages, all at the same time in a synchronized manner. The way that the Enigma machine was built made it even more complicated to understand. “There are approximately 150,000,000,000,000 - that is, 150 million million - possible combination” (Claire Ellis “Exploring the Enigma”). Alan Turing started working in a

According to the Newton's Telecom Dictionary, cryptography is, "the process of concealing the contents of a message from all except those who know the key," (207). It is also defined as ". . . the science, or art, of secret writing," (Huffman 2). The word "cryptography" originated

A science vital in modern, everyday life. A word unknown to many. Key in both the winning of the Revolutionary War and World War II. Used for security, communication, authentication, and encryption. Runs not only the digital world, but cars, medical devices, and drones. What is this unheard science? This hidden word? Cryptology.

We can say that the weakness of the keys and the process of incorrect use, as well as erroneous implementation cannot be considered as a unique case because it represents a common risk for each encryption algorithms [21].

Before the major advances in encryption in the 1970s, it was primarily used by governments and their militaries. It allowed governments to have protected communication with their allies. One government could send encrypted message concerning a common enemy to their ally and if the message was intercepted by that enemy, the message would remain secret and unreadable to the enemy. Militaries used encryption to communicate plans and troop movements and location. The Nazi Army of Germany during World War II developed an encryption that at the time was impossible to decode without the cipher. The Germans could keep track of their extensive submarine fleet in the North Atlantic without fear of the Allies discovering the locations of the submarines.

Quantum Mechanics is a branch of physics that explains the really small things. These really small things, such as electrons are studied in an attempt to find out how they behave under certain conditions. Findings from the studies are then used to explain how the small particles make up and relate to the bigger parts of the world. Without the discovery of quantum mechanics, the behavior of small things and how they make up everything would be unknown.

Before approaching Claude Shannon’s contribution to Cryptography, one must look at his prior work in particular in the field of information theory, a field he theorized in his 1948 paper A Mathematical Theory of Information. Shannon introduced a lot of the ideas that were mentioned and developed in this revolutionary paper to the scientific community in his 1945 paper entitled A Mathematical Theory of Cryptography.

From the viewpoint of data security, which has always been an important form of quality of service, Cloud computing surely poses new challenging security threats for number of reasons. Firstly, traditional cryptographic primitives for the purpose of data security protection cannot be straight accepted due to users loss control of data under cloud computing. Therefore, verification of correct data storage in the cloud must be attended without accurate knowledge of the whole data. Considering different kind of data for every user stored in the cloud and the requirement of long term continuous security of their data safety, the problem of checking correctness of data storage in the cloud becomes even more challenging.[1]

Authentication is the only method which protects information or data of an individual or organization from a second party to access. Based upon the confidentiality of that particular data or information, the level of authentication depends. Now-a-days, all this data and information what we are talking about is getting digitized all around the world. For this digitized data or information to be secure, a proper authentication procedure must be set. This arise the need for an authentication secret which belongs to the category “Something we know” to come into picture. These secrets authenticate each secret holder as the authorized legitimate user to access their particular account. Technology is

We will provide a brief Description to Elliptic Curve Cryptography and the implementation of new attacks on the cryptography in this section. If you want to a comprehensive description about to ECC than you can find it in [10],[11]. A reader want to go through a summary of power analysis attacks, by far the class of implementation attacks, we refer you to [8].

As global security continues to grow exponentially in response to threats of cyber terrorism, the field of computer security continues to proliferate into many adjacent socioeconomic and technologically-based areas of society. Gartner Group, a leading market research in the enterprise IT industry, has stated that the worldwide market for security software will reach $21B in 2011, rising to $15.8B in 2015 (Karjalainen, Siponen, 2011). This rapid growth of computer security is also driving the development of entirely new patents in the areas of cryptography, enterprise security management strategies, and extensive support for more advanced programming features for securing enterprise networks (Albrechtsen, 2007). The pace of development in this market is accelerating as the sophistication and variety of threats continues to also exponentially escalate (Liang, Xue, 2010).