Affects That Are Harming The Crops Of Crops And The Success Of Harvest Seasons?

In the 1990’s cereals and grain were popular in Africa, with over 60 percent of the land used for these crops (ita 2004). From the 1930’s to the 1990’s Africa saw a reduction of 13 percent in agriculture’s share (ita 2004). During the 1970’s and 1980’s, there was a period of drought that affected both the crops and native plant in the area (Boffa Dixon Garrity 2012), which may have contributed to the decline of agriculture’s share. Also, in 1992 the production of corn fell from 10 million to 3 million tons, due to the drought (ita 2004).

Environmental factors are a factor that affect living and nonliving organisms and have participated in Ethiopia’s problem in food deficiency and food insecurity. A large environmental factor that can affect food deficiency and food insecurity is natural hazards and disasters. These can include droughts and floods which can upset agricultural production. For example, grain production and stocks are very low and droughts have hit harvests in grain-producing areas around the world. A more specific example for Ethiopia is that because of Ethiopia’s seasonal rainfall from mid-June to mid-September, soil erosion and

The main industry is the agricultural sector which completely depends on the climate. There are strong linkages between poverty and environmental degradation, particularly poor water management, soil erosion, declining soil fertility and land degradation. In addition, the effects of climate change are undermining an already fragile resource base and have contributed to declining agricultural yields over the past decades. In recent years, drought has become a perennial problem in parts of Kenya. Episodes in 2009 and 2011 generated food emergencies, while flooding in 2010 affected parts of the country severely.

The enviromnet plays a huge role in the way they live in Africa. Where a region is located has a very big impact on the activities that are able to take place there. If a place is too hot or too cold, certain plants are not able to grow there. Also, too much rainfall or not enough rainfall can help or prevent certain plants from growing. In Africa your specific location in regards to elevation, and the equator, the climate and the natural resources all play a role in Africa's economy.

The evidence of climate change in Kenya is undeniable, while its effects on economic growth are no more mysterious; rather, they are rapidly unfolding to a startling reality and concern for humanity. Accelerated emissions of green house gases (GHGs) globally, from combustion of fossil fuels and unsustainable land use practices is the key driver of anthropogenic climate change, which is manifested in; temperature variations, frequent and extensive droughts, intensive rainfalls and floods, seasonal and regional pest and disease prevalence that result to conflicts for pasture and water resources,

Farming in Africa is inadequate and inefficient. The fertility of the soil is becoming depleted and severely reducing the amount of crops from each harvest (Ayieko). This problem is due to over farming the land and not allowing for crop rotation to replenish the nutrients in the soil. This is a practice that is used by most farmers around the globe. Continuing on this trend will risk the land becoming barren and unable to support plant life.

East Africa has many main crops, but for the drier sections of East Africa, the cropping system is bent around millet. In the more humid districts, main crops are maize and cassava. Coffee, tea, tobacco, sugarcane, and cotton are the crops that produce the most money. Because of the lack of irrigation, East Africa’s crops are very vulnerable to unpredictable weather and external shocks. Water availability is one factor that limits as to how many crops it can produce a year. A project is currently going on to accelerate irrigation development in the more humid regions and rain-fed crops, so people who live in those regions can have their water and food.

Tractors have had a very big impact on agriculture, they have reduced the amount of labor needed and increased productivity. Without tractors there would be no way we would be able to feed the world. If there is food on your table you have the farmer and a tractor to thank for it. The tractor is essential for doing almost all jobs on a farm. TRactors have played a role in farming since 1849 and have evolved drastically since then.

Agriculture is improving all the time. From pushing around dirt to changing microscopic organisms, there are many different beliefs in the way things should be done. A more recent discovery is how planting small crops in the off-season benefit the normal crops. These crops can be turnips, radishes, rye, and many more. These plants are called cover crop, and while some people think they are not useful, I conducted an interview with Bob Rikli to find out what opinion he had on it. The three main points that I focused on were, how much the cover crop benefits the yields by, whether or not it is worth the cost, and how much can it help the environment.

Kenya’s coastal area is hot and humid tropical region. Beautiful sandy beaches, lagoons and swamps, and patches of rain forest line the coast. Inland, a vast plains area stretches over about three-fourths of Kenya. Its extremely dry climate and generally poor soil support only scattered plant life. The highlands in the southwest receive enough rainfall and offer enough fertile soil to support extensive farming (“Kenya”).

Drought is another factor of climate change that causes severe damages to agriculture and livestock. The effects of drought on agricultural production and livestock holding can be a detrimental issue and result in quality dissatisfaction of products. The agricultural industry can be affected by drought both economically and environmentally. The economical effects of drought on crops and animals can lead to the loss of money and time. When droughts occur farmers lose money because they will have to spend more money earned from their

Ethiopia faces detrimental consequences from an unstable agricultural system and has become dependent on foreign aid for basic resources. Efforts must be made in Ethiopia to both prevent and reverse the negative effects that both natural disasters and urbanization have had on the health, environment, and economy of this third-world country. Although the country is continuing to make improvements to become educated on more modern and efficient farming techniques, more progress is needed to augment the country’s agricultural productivity and better provide for the growing population. By researching this particular country, other third world countries may be able to implement similar approaches to solve poverty and malnutrition in comparable environments.

In South Africa we are facing a lot of droughts, damaging storms and extremely hot days that are starting to affect the crops that are being produced and it is taking strain on the farmers, for how long it is taking for the crops to be produced, how the crops are being destroyed by insects by weather, how they are not being able to grow because of sudden climate change.

Climate change and variability (CCV) is one of the greatest challenges to Smallholder Dairy Farming Systems (SDFS) yet demand for Animal Source Foods (ASF) is projected to rise (FAO, 2011) due to population growth, urban migration coupled with increased spending in developing countries as a result of improved incomes (Giovannucci et al., 2012). In Kenya SDFS form one of the most important key livelihood strategies of rural communities with dominance over the national milk sector accounting for 80% of total milk produced and a corresponding agricultural Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 30% (FAO, 2011a). Other factors that negatively impact SDFS include: poor agronomic practices; reduced fodder and crop residue yields (; land fragmentation;

Abiotic stresses affect the productivity of agricultural crops in different ways and increased incidence of abiotic stresses has become major cause for reduction in crop productivity. Heat stress is often defined as the rise in temperature beyond a threshold level for a period of time sufficient to cause irreversible damage to plant growth and development. Heat stress due to high ambient temperatures is a serious threat to crop production worldwide (Hall, 2001). Transitory or constantly high temperatures cause an array of morpho-anatomical, physiological and biochemical changes in plants, which affect plant growth and development and may lead to a drastic reduction in yield (Wahid et al., 2007). High temperature stress causes extensive denaturation and aggregation of cellular proteins, which, if unchecked, lead to cell death. Heat response is characterized by inhibition of normal transcription and translation, higher expression of heat shock proteins (HSP’s) and induction of thermo tolerance (Krishna 2003). Evolving efficient, low cost, easily adaptable methods for the abiotic stress management is a major challenge. Worldwide, extensive research is being carried out, to develop strategies to cope with abiotic stresses, through development of heat and drought tolerant varieties by genetic engineering and breeding (Venkateswarlu and Shanker 2009). While most of these technologies are cost-intensive, recent studies indicated the microorganisms could play an